Term
| What are the 5 layers of the Epidermis from superficial to deep? |
|
Definition
| Stratum corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum and basale. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 layers of the dermis from superficial to deep? |
|
Definition
| Papillary and then reticular |
|
|
Term
What is Keras?
Xero or Sicca?
Ichthyo or Piscis?
Onycho or Ungual?
Aktinos or Solaris?
Senilis?
Myco or Tinea? |
|
Definition
Keras = horn
Xero = Sicca = Dry
Ichthyo = Piscis = Fish
Onycho = Ungual = Nail
Aktinos = Solaris = Sun
Senilis = Old
Myco = Tinea = Fungus |
|
|
Term
What is Erythro or Rosa?
Leukos or Blanc?
Xanthos?
Cutis or Derm?
Eczema?
Eczematis or Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
Erythro = Rosa = Red (inflammed)
Leukos = Blanc = White
Xanthos = Yellow
Cutis = Derm = Skin
Eczema = to boil over
Eczematis = Dermatitis = Generic term for inflammatory conditions of the skin |
|
|
Term
What is Xerotic skin?
Ichthyosis?
Onychomycosis?
Leukoderma?
Xanthoderma? |
|
Definition
Xerotic skin = Dry skin
Ichthyosis = Fish skin (congenital disorder of keratinization)
Onychomycosis = fungal infection of the nail
Leukoderma = White area of skin
Xanthoderma = Yellow skin coloration |
|
|
Term
| What are the subcutaneous layers mainly composed of? |
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Definition
| Mostly adipose tissue, nerves and larger blood vessels |
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Term
| :an area of increased or decreased pigmentation without elevation or depression that is approximately 1cm in diameter and is not palpable |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| :macular type lesion that is greater than 1cm in diameter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :a superficial, solid lesion less than 1 cm in diameter that is palpable and may invade the epidermis and upper dermis but not the SQ tissue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :a solid lesion between 1 and 2 cm in diameter that is elevated and palpable and usually invades the epidermis and lower dermis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :a solid lesion that has both elevation and depth and usually involves epidermis and dermis, and may invade subcutaneous tissue May or may not be clearly demarcated and is greater than 2cm in diameter and may or may not be pigmented |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
:a plateau-like elevation that has a surface area greater than its height
What usually forms these?
What is it called if the surface is rough and the skin is thickened? |
|
Definition
Plaque
Frequently formed by a confluence of papules
If the surface is rough and the skin is thickened, it is called a lichenification |
|
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Term
:a rounded or flat-topped, edematous plaque that goes away quickly and is also called a welt
Common seen with? |
|
Definition
Wheal
Seen with people with Hives and ppd reaction |
|
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Term
| :a superficial skin cavity that contains a purulent exudate (can be white, yellow, greenish yellow or hemorrhagic) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
:a small superficial skin cavity that contains a non-purulent exudate, diameter is less than 0.5cm, the exudate my be serum, lymph, blood or extracellular fluid.
How does it arise? |
|
Definition
Vesicle
Arises from disruption between the epidermal layers (intraepidermal vesicle) or at the epidermal-dermal interface (subepidermal). |
|
|
Term
| :a vesicle that is greater than 0.5 cm in diameter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are vesicles and bullae also called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :an encapsulated lesion filled with fluid or semisolid material that is elevated, circumscribed and palpable |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
:dried exudate on the skin surface
What results in brown, honey-colored and yellow-green dried exudate? |
|
Definition
Crusts
Blood gives a brown crust, serum a honey-colored crust, and pus a combination of yellow and green |
|
|
Term
| What is it called if the crust is thick and adherent and involves the entire epidermis along with necrosis of deeper tissues? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are scales (desquamation) and what are they caused by? |
|
Definition
| Abnormal areas of the stratum corneum caused by an increased rate of epidermal cell proliferation |
|
|
Term
:a plug of dried sebum
open vs closed? |
|
Definition
Comedone
open is a blackhead
closed is a whitehead |
|
|
Term
| :a cyst of a hair follicle or its associated sebaceous gland |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| :a skin defect in which there has been loss of the epidermis only and it usually heals without a scar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :a skin defect in which there has been loss of epidermis and upper papillary layer of the dermis, it may extend into the SQ and always occurs within pathologically altered tissue. It always heals with a scar. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :usually a self induced laceration of the skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :dilated small superficial blood vessels in the skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do telangiectasias blanch with pressure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :small pinpoint intradermal hemorrhages |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do petechiae blanch with pressure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :an extravasation of blood under the skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :confluent petechiae or ecchymosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe a spider angioma. Does it blanch with pressure? What is the central body called? |
|
Definition
| It has a central body and radiating spider-like legs. The central body blanches with pressure and the central body is called the punctum. |
|
|
Term
| Describe a venous star. Does it blanch with pressure? |
|
Definition
| A spider shape that is more blue than red and it does not blanch with pressure. |
|
|
Term
| :a red vascular lesion that can have macular, papular, nodular, or tumor characteristics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
:A hypertrophic scar that grows beyond the boundaries of the wound after even a minor injury
More common in? |
|
Definition
Keloid
More common in African Americans |
|
|
Term
| :an acute, subacute, but usually chronic pruritic inflammation of the epidermis and dermis, often occurring in association with a personal or family history of hay fever, asthma, or allergic rhinitis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Typical age of onset for Atopic Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
| typically during the first 2 months of life but by the first year in 60% of patients |
|
|
Term
| What 3 hereditary predispositions make someone more likely to have Atopic Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
| Over two-thirds of patients have a personal or family history of allergic rhinitis, hay fever, or asthma. |
|
|
Term
| Major skin symptoms of Atopic Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
| Dry skin, pruritis (which when scratched leads to lichenification rash) |
|
|
Term
| What are some exacerbating factors for Atopic dermatitis? |
|
Definition
| Allergies, skin dehydration, stress or hormonal. |
|
|
Term
| What season is Atopic Dermatitis usually worst? Best? |
|
Definition
Worst = winter
Best = summer |
|
|
Term
| What are some ocular signs of chronic Atopic Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
| Alopecia of the lateral eyebrows as a result of chronic eyelid rubbing, periorbital pigmentation as a result of rubbing the eyelids and the Dennie-Morgan sign (characteristic infraorbital fold in the eyelids). |
|
|
Term
| Is the severity of AD worse with childhood onset or adult onset? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 30-50% of AD patients develop what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the most common secondary infections seen with Atopic Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
| S. aureus, Group A Strep, fungal and HSV. |
|
|
Term
How do you manage Chronic Atopic Dermatitis?
Acute Atopic Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
Chronic = Educate the patient to avoid rubbing eyes and scratching, use a topical antiprurtic if necessary, hydrate, topical anti-inflammatory, antihistamines, UVA-UVB phototherapy and Prednisone for severe cases.
Acute = wet dressings, topical glucocorticoids, topical or oral antibiotics and Hydroxyzine for pruritis. |
|
|
Term
| What has alleviated a lot of the seriousness of Infantile Atopic Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do Atopic Dermatitis lesions like to erupt? |
|
Definition
| Face, antecubital and popliteal fossa, wrists and lateral aspects of the legs. |
|
|
Term
| : a special localized form of lichenification usually occurring in circumscribed plaques. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is meant by the lichenified skin in Lichen Simplex Chronicus is like an erogenous zone? Which sex is it more common with?
Describe the pruritis habits of a patient with LSC? |
|
Definition
Means that it is a pleasure to scratch.
The rubbing becomes automatic and reflexive and an unconscious habit.
More common in females. |
|
|
Term
| What kind of stimulus can generate the pruritis symptoms of LSC? |
|
Definition
| Very light stroking of the involved skin will generate a strong desire to scratch the skin. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the color of the lichenification seen with LSC? |
|
Definition
| Usually dull red but can be brown or black hyperpigmentations in the later stages. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the trend of skin types I through VI. |
|
Definition
| As the number gets larger the skin gets darker. (I through III are caucasian and IV through VI are African American) |
|
|
Term
| Characteristic sites of Lichen Simplex Chronicus? |
|
Definition
| Nuchal area (female - back of the neck), scalp, ankles, lower legs, upper thighs, exterior forearms, vulva, pubis, anal area, scrotum, and groin |
|
|
Term
| Management of Lichen Simplex Chronicus? |
|
Definition
Very difficult bc of how itchy it is.
Must explain to the patient the importance of not rubbing or scratching, apply occlusive bandages at night to prevent rubbing, topical corticosteroids and oral hydroxyzine. |
|
|
Term
| :an acute, chronic, or recurrent dermatosis of the fingers, palms, and soles. |
|
Definition
| Dyshidrotic Eczematous Dermatitis |
|
|
Term
What is the vesicular palmar variety of Dyshidrotic Eczematous Dermatitis called?
Is there an abnormality of sweat gland function? |
|
Definition
Pompholyx.
There is no abnormality of sweat gland function even though the name sounds like it. |
|
|
Term
What are some early skin lesions seen with Dyshidrotic Eczematous Dermatitis?
Later onset skin lesions? |
|
Definition
Early: Vesicles, usually small, deep-seated, appearing like “tapioca” in clusters. Bullae, occasionally
Later: Papules, scaling, lichenification, painful fissures, and erosions which result from coalescing ruptured vesicles and may be quite extensive. Crusts. Secondarily infected lesions are characterized by pustules, crusts, cellulitis, lymphangitis, and painful lymphadenopathy |
|
|
Term
| Most common site of vescicles with Dyshidrotic Eczematous Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When do Dyshidrotic Eczematous Dermatitis outbreaks occur most often? |
|
Definition
| Most often in hot, humid weather. |
|
|
Term
Are the attacks with Dyshidrotic Eczematous Dermatitis chronic or recurrent?
When will they spontaneously remit?
How long is the typical interval between attacks? |
|
Definition
| The attacks are recurrent and they spontaneously remit in 2-3 weeks and the interval between attacks is usually weeks to months. |
|
|
Term
| How is Dyshidrotic Eczematous Dermatitis managed? |
|
Definition
| Wet dressings, topical glucocorticoids, intralesional corticosteroid injection (Triamcinolone), systemic prednisone for severe cases and large bullae are drained by puncture. |
|
|
Term
| :a chronic, pruritic, inflammatory dermatitis occurring in the form of coin-shaped plaques composed of grouped small papules and vesicles on an erythematous base, especially common on the lower legs of older males during winter months |
|
Definition
| Nummular Eczema (AKA Discoid eczema); often seen in atopic individuals. |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common site for Nummular Eczema lesions in older men? Younger females? |
|
Definition
Lower legs (older men)
Trunk, hands and fingers (younger females) |
|
|
Term
| Management for Nummular Eczema? |
|
Definition
| moisturize after shower, topical glucocorticoids, intralesional corticosteroids (Triamcinolone), Crude Coal Tar, or UVA/UVB phototherapy. |
|
|
Term
:a very common chronic dermatosis characterized by redness and scaling occurring in regions where the sebaceous glands are most active, such as the face and scalp, and in the body folds.
What is this called if it is found on the scalp of infants is called? |
|
Definition
Seborrheic dermatitis (SD).
SD on the scalp in infants is called “Cradle cap” |
|
|
Term
Seborrheic Dermatitis is more common in what sex?
Signs and symptoms of SD? |
|
Definition
More common in males.
Yellowish red, often greasy, or white dry scaling macules and papules, Sticky crusts and fissures are common when external ear, scalp, axillae, groin, and submammary areas are involved (weeping). |
|
|
Term
| What organism is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of Seborrheic Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
| The yeast, Pityrosporon ovale |
|
|
Term
What seasons are Seborrheic Dermatitis worse and better?
Management of Seborrheic Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
Better in the summer and worse in the fall.
Topical corticosteroids (watch for atrophy), UV radiation, and shampoos containing (selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione, "tar", ketoconazole or steroids) |
|
|
Term
:a common pruritic dermatitis that occurs in the winter and in older persons (especially in males over age 60 years) on the legs, arms, and hands but also may be on the trunk.
Characterized by dry, “cracked,” fissured skin with slight scaling.
The eruptions commonly occur from too frequent bathing/showering and high temperature/low humidity rooms/environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
:a generic term applied to acute or chronic inflammatory reactions to substances that come in contact with the skin
What causes the non-allergic type? Allergic type? What type of reaction with allergic? |
|
Definition
Contact Dermatitis
Non-allergic is due to a chemical irritant. Allergic is due to an antigen (allergen) that elicits a type IV hypersensitivity reaction. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the skin lesions commonly seen with Acute, Subacute and Chronic Contact Dermatitis. |
|
Definition
Acute - erythema, edema, vesicles, and erosions that exude serum and lead to crusting.
Subacute - erythema, small, dry scales, small, red papules.
Chronic - Lichenification, small, firm, rounded satellite papules, excoriations and erythema. |
|
|
Term
| Is contact dermatitis always confined to the site of exposure to the allergen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Management for Contact Dermatitis? |
|
Definition
| Identify and remove etiologic agent, vesicles may be drained, wet dressings in Burow's solution, topical corticosteroids, or prednisone in severe cases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
:a hereditary disorder of skin with several clinical expressions.
The lesions are "salmon pink", inflammed, silvery-white scaly plaques seen commonly on the elbows, knees, scalp, forearms, lumbosacral region, hands and feet.
Removal of a scale reveals? |
|
Definition
Psoriasis Vulgaris.
Removal of the scales results in the appearance of minute blood droplets (Auspitz phenomenon) |
|
|
Term
| What is a major trigger that elicits the psoriatic proliferative process? What else triggers the outbreaks? |
|
Definition
Physical trauma is a major factor in eliciting lesions; rubbing and scratching stimulates the psoriatic proliferative process.
Stress is also an important factor. |
|
|
Term
| What are some of the more serious complications of Psoriasis Vulgaris? |
|
Definition
| Psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and Reiter's Syndrome (urethritis, cervicitis, conjunctivitis, and mucocutaneous lesions) |
|
|
Term
| Management of Psoriasis Vulgaris? |
|
Definition
| Instruct pt to never rub or scratch, topical corticosteroids, vitamin D3 analog cream, Acitretin, Enbrel/Humira/Remicade, Isotreteinon coupled with UVA/UVB phototherapy and Immunosuppresants (cyclosporine and methotrexate) for severe psoriasis. |
|
|
Term
| :this type of psoriasis, which is relatively rare (<2.0 % of all psoriasis), is like an exanthem: a shower of lesions appears rather rapidly in young adults, often following streptococcal pharyngitis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Describe the lesions occuring with Guttate Psoriasis.
Distribution?
Management of Guttate Psoriasis? |
|
Definition
Papules that are "salmon pink", guttate (resemble drops) in shape and usually are found on the trunk.
Management is UVB phototherapy and penicillin VK or Erythromycin if positive strep culture. |
|
|
Term
How do you treat Psoriasis Vulgaris of the scalp with no plaque?
If there is a plaque how do you remove it? |
|
Definition
Tar, ketoconazole or cortisone shampoos,vitamin D3 analog.
Remove the plaque by salicylic acid in mineral oil, covered in a plastic cap and left overnight. After the plaque is removed, then treat as if there was no plaque. |
|
|
Term
How do you treat Psoriasis Vulgaris of the nails?
What are characteristics of Psoriasis Vulgaris of the nail? |
|
Definition
Injection of the nail fold with intradermal triamcinolone (corticosteroid), UVA phototherapy and topical cortisone (corticosteroid).
Characteristics include: pits in the nail and yellowish-brown spots under the nail plate (oil spot). |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat Psoriasis Vulgaris of the palms and soles? |
|
Definition
| UVA phototherapy, Retinoid (Tazarotene) cream, and occlusive Cortisone tape (Cordran Tape). |
|
|
Term
| What do you want to avoid giving patients with Psoriasis of the genital regions and body folds? Why? |
|
Definition
| Avoid steroids because these areas are especially sensitive to steroid-induced skin atrophy. |
|
|
Term
:a life threatening medical problem with an abrupt onset. It starts with a burning erythema that spreads in hours to result in large areas of fiery-red skin. Pinpoint pustules then appear in clusters over the red areas of skin and they come together to form "lakes" filled with purulent fluid all occurring in less than 1 day.
When these patients arrive at the ER what is the usual initial diagnosis? How is that diagnosis ruled out? |
|
Definition
Psoriatic Erythroderma
When brought to the ER it appears as overwhelming bacteremia until the blood cultures come back negative.
Primarily affects adults. |
|
|
Term
What does Impetigo Herpetiformis resemble?
When does it occur? |
|
Definition
It is a generalized acute psoriatic resembling pustular skin disorder.
It occurs rarely in pregnant women that are hypocalcemic. |
|
|
Term
| :an inflammation of the pilosebaceous units of certain body areas (face and trunk) that occurs most frequently in adolescence and manifests itself as comedones, papulopustules, or nodules plus cysts. |
|
Definition
| Acne Vulgaris (common acne) and Cystic Acne |
|
|
Term
| What type of acne is seen commonly with pitting, depressed or hypertrophic scars? |
|
Definition
| May result from all types but especially Nodulocystic acne and Acne Congobata. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Topical - antibiotics, Benzoyl peroxide, and retinoids (tretinoin).
Systemic - Isotretinoin and Accutane. |
|
|
Term
| :a chronic acneform disorder of facial pilosebaceous units, with increased reactivity of capillaries to heat, leading to flushing and telangiectasia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the peak incidence of Rosacea?
More common in?
Rhinophyma deformity is more common in what sex?
How does exposure to sun affect Rosacea? |
|
Definition
Peak incidence is 40 to 50 years old.
More common in light skinned females.
Rhinophyma is more common in males.
Exposure to sun and heat may cause exacerbations. |
|
|
Term
| What other types of severe lesions are seen with chronic Rosacea? |
|
Definition
Rhinophyma (enlarged nose)
Metophyma (enlarged cushion-like swelling of the forehead)
Blepharophyma (swelling of the eyelids) Otophyma (cauliflower-like swelling of the ear-lobes)
Gnathophyma (swelling of the chin). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Avoid hot stimuli, topical metronidazole, topical (or oral if topical doesn't work) antibiotics. |
|
|
Term
| :a pesky facial dermatosis occurring mainly in young women, characterized by discrete erythematous micropapules that often become confluent, forming inflammatory plaques, on the perioral and periorbital skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What treatment do you want to avoid with Perioral dermatitis? |
|
Definition
| Topical corticosteroids bc it will exacerbate the symptoms. |
|
|
Term
| :a chronic, suppurative, cicatricial disease of apocrine gland-bearing skin in the axillae, anogenital region, and rarely, scalp that may be associated with severe nodulocystic acne and pilonidal sinuses. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the signs and symptoms of Hidradenitis Suppurativa? |
|
Definition
| Marked point tenderness related to abscess formation in axilla(e) and/or anogenital area, double comedones and pus drainage from opening of abscess. |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa? |
|
Definition
| Combination intralesional corticosteroids, surgery and oral antibiotics. |
|
|
Term
| :an acute pruritic, exanthematous eruption characterized by a "herald" lesion that develops on the trunk and has a collarette scale around it and progresses into a "Christmas tree" formation on the trunk and proximal arms and legs. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Pityriasis Rosea managed? |
|
Definition
| Pruritis is controlled by UVB phototherapy, cortisone cream and antihistamines. Disease will spontaneously remit in 6-12 weeks. |
|
|
Term
| :an acute or chronic inflammatory dermatosis involving skin and/or mucous membranes, characterized by flat-topped, violaceous, shiny, pruritic papules on the skin and milky white papules(Wickham’s striae) in the mouth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the skin lesions seen with Lichen Planus. |
|
Definition
| Papules, flat-topped, 1.0 to 10.0 mm, sharply defined, shiny. Hypertrophic plaques, often with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Milky white papules (Wickham's striae) seen in the mouth. |
|
|
Term
| Where is Lichen planus actinicus commonly found? |
|
Definition
| Found in sun-exposed areas. |
|
|
Term
| How is Lichen Planus treated? |
|
Definition
| local and systemic Corticosteroids, Cyclosporine (systemic and mouthwash), systemic retinoids and UVA photochemotherapy. |
|
|
Term
| :a self-limited asymptomatic chronic dermatosis of the dermis that exhibits papules in an annular (ring shaped) arrangement, commonly arising on the dorsa of the hands and feet, elbows, and knees |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of Granuloma Annulare? |
|
Definition
| Unknown but it may be associated with Diabetes Mellitus. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the skin lesions seen with Granuloma Annulare? |
|
Definition
| Annular (ring shaped) firm, smooth, shiny, skin colored dermal papules and plaques or subcutaneous nodules. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the location of the dermal papules and subcutaneous nodules seen with Granuloma Annulare. |
|
Definition
Dermal Papules: Dorsa of hands, fingers, feet, extensor aspects of arms and legs, trunk
Subcutaneous Nodules: Palms, legs, buttocks, scalp |
|
|
Term
| How is Granuloma Annulare managed? |
|
Definition
| topical corticosteroids (applied under plastic occlusion), intralesional triamcinolone (corticosteroid), cryospray and UVA photochemotherapy. |
|
|
Term
| :localized cutaneous sclerosis characterized by early violaceous, later ivory-colored, plaques, which may be solitary, linear, or generalized, and rarely, accompanied by atrophy of underlying structures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Describe the complications seen with Morphea of the skin, deep involvement and scalp involvement.
Treatment of Morphea? |
|
Definition
In time, surface becomes smooth and shiny; hair follicles and sweat duct orifices disappear.
Deep involvement of tissue may be associated with atrophy of muscle and bone, flexion contracture, distal edema.
Scalp involvement results in scarring alopecia.
There is no treatment for Morphea, just symptomatic care. |
|
|
Term
| :a chronic atrophic mucocutaneous disorder, characterized by Ivory or porcelain-white, semitransparent, angular, well-defined, centrally indurated papules and plaques that are commonly seen in the urogenital area |
|
Definition
| Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus |
|
|
Term
| Describe the age of onset, predominate sex and etiology of those affected by Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus. |
|
Definition
| The average age of onset is 50 years old and affects women 10x more than men and the etiology is unknown. |
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms seen with Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus in females and males? |
|
Definition
Females - sensitive vulvar lesions, pruritis, dysuria and dyspareunia (painful sex).
Males - phimosis (tightness of the foreskin) and balanitis (inflammation of the glans penis) |
|
|
Term
| What are some characteristics seen on physical examination with a patient with Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus? |
|
Definition
| Telangiectasia, purpura, shrunken vulva (esp. clitoris and labia minora), fusion of labia minora and majora, and a sclerotic prepuce. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the typical arrangement of Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus in the female anogenital area. |
|
Definition
| Keyhole or figure 8 formation in the anogenital area of females. |
|
|
Term
| Most common non-genital distribution of Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus? |
|
Definition
| trunk, upper back, periumbilical, neck, axillae and flexor surface of wrists. |
|
|
Term
| How may Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus appear on the oral mucosa? |
|
Definition
| Bluish-white plaques on buccal or palatal mucosa |
|
|
Term
| How is Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus managed? |
|
Definition
| Symptomatic therapy only, topical corticosteroids and circumcision for males. |
|
|
Term
| What must you monitor female patients every 12 months for if they have Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus? |
|
Definition
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. |
|
|
Term
| :characteristic erythematous iris-shaped papules and vesicolobullous lesions typically involving the extremities (especially the palms and soles) and the mucous membranes |
|
Definition
| Erythema Multiforme Syndrome |
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Term
| Etiology of Erythema Multiforme? |
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Definition
| Drugs, infection (especially HSV and Mycoplasma) or idiopathic |
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Term
| What etiology usually results in a mild form of Erythema Multiforme Syndrome? How is it prevented? |
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Definition
| Mild Erythema Multiforme Syndrome is associated with an outbreak of HSV and it can be prevented by acyclovir therapy. |
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Term
| Which etiology usually results in a severe form of Erythema Multiforme Syndrome? |
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Definition
| Severe form usually results from a drug reaction. |
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Term
| What is a Maximal Variant of Erythema Multiforme Syndrome? How serious is it? |
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Definition
| Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and it is life threatening. |
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Term
| :mucocutaneous drug-induced or idiopathic reaction patterns characterized by skin tenderness and erythema of skin and mucosa, followed by extensive cutaneous and mucosal exfoliation, and are potentially life-threatening due to multisystem involvement. (2 conditions) |
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Definition
| Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis |
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Term
| What is a maximal variant of Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS)? |
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Definition
| Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis |
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Term
| What is a common drug that causes Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis? |
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Definition
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Term
| :an acute inflammatory/immunologic reaction pattern of the panniculus characterized by the appearance of painful, tender nodules on the lower legs. |
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Definition
| Erythema Nodosum Syndrome |
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Term
Etiology of Erythema Nodosum?
More common in what sex? |
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Definition
Etiology is Infectious agents, drug, Miscellaneous (Sarcoidosis, ulcerative colitis, Behcet's syndrome) or idiopathic.
3x more common in females |
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Term
| How is Erythema Nodosum managed? |
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Definition
| It usually spontaneously resolves in 6 weeks but you can give salicylates, NSAIDS and compressive bandages. Systemic corticosteroids are used only when the etiology is known and infectious agents are excluded. |
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Term
| :a rapidly evolving, idiopathic, chronic, and severely debilitating skin disease occurring most commonly in association with a systemic disease, especially chronic ulcerative colitis or other bowel disease, and characterized by the presence of irregular, boggy, blue-red ulcers with undermined borders surrounding purulent necrotic bases that commonly occur in the lower extremities and become more rare the more superior you go. |
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Definition
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Term
| How is Pyoderma gangrenosum treated? |
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Definition
| treat the underlying disease |
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Term
Define:
Mycosis
Dermatophyte
Dermatophytosis
Saprophyte |
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Definition
Mycosis = any disease induced by a fungus
Dermatophyte = fungal organism that grows in or on keratin(skin, hair or nails).
Dermatophytosis = chronic fungal infection on the skin, hair or nails, aka tinea or ringworm
Saprophyte = any organism living on decaying or dead organic matter (most of the higher fungi) |
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Term
Describe where you see:
Tinea capitis
Tinea faciei
Tinea barbae
Tinea corporis
Tinea cruris
Tnea manus
Tinea pedis
Tinea unguium |
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Definition
Tinea capitis = scalp
Tinea faciei = face
Tinea barbae = beard
Tinea corporis = trunk, extremities
Tinea cruris = groin
Tnea manus = hands
Tinea pedis = feet
Tinea unguium = nails |
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Term
| :a follicular abscess produced when a dermatophyte infection penetrates the follicular wall into the surrounding dermis |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the pneumonic for the fungi that cause tinea capitis and are fluorescent on Wood's lamp? |
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Definition
See Cats and Dogs Fight
T. schoenienii
M. canis
M. audouinni
M. distortum
T. ferrigineum |
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Term
| Management of Tinea infections? |
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Definition
| antifungals - Griseofulvin, Azoles, or Lamisil. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What Tinea causes a "Kerion"? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 clinical patterns of Tinea capitis? |
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Definition
Seborrheic pattern: dandruff- type.
“Black dot” : hairs are broken off @ skin with “black dots seen in areas of alopecia.
Kerion: boggy inflammatory plaques or lesions resembling an abscess or bacterial folliculitis.
Favus: cup-shaped, honey clustered crusts, foul odor and scarring alopecia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Asymptomatic tan, brown, or black patch on palms, soles, trunk, etc |
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Term
| :superficial yeast infection occurring on moist cutaneous sites, commonly intertriginous areas. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Paronychia? Onychia? (Area affected for each) |
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Definition
Paronychia is the nailfold.
Onychia is the nail. |
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Term
| :oral, white cottage cheese plagues that can be moved by Q tip (unlike leukoplakia or lichen planus) |
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Definition
| Pseudomembranous candidiasis (THRUSH) |
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Term
| What is Perleche or Cheilosis? |
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Definition
| fissuring at the angles of the mouth |
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