Term
| What can spread bacterial folliculitis? |
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Definition
| Shaving, trauma, or scratching |
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Term
| Describe skin finding in folliculitis. |
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Definition
| dome-shaped pustules w/ small erythematous halos arising in the hair follicle |
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Term
| What is the most common infecting agent in folliculitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Folliculitis in which the hair follicle is infected by a fungus. KOH of hair and scale is positive. |
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Definition
| Dermatophyte infection (Majocchi's granuloma) |
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Term
| Folliculitis w/ pruritic, extensive follicular papules suddenly appear on the face, neck, and chest. Testing for __ should be performed. |
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Definition
| Eosinophilic folliculitis. HIV. |
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Term
| Folliculitis in which an acneform eruption suddenly worsens and becomes pustular. This usually occurs in people on chronic ____ therapy. |
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Definition
| Gram (-) folliculitis. Abx. |
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Term
| _____ infxn is aquired from improperly sanitized hot tubs. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the clinical presentation of hot tub folliculitis. |
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Definition
| Erythematous papules and pustules mostly on the trunk |
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Term
| What type of folliculitis occurs from chronic frictional exposure (e.g. tight pants)? |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ folliculitis often appears in a v-shape on the back and chest. KOH reveals short hyphae and round spores. |
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Definition
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Term
| In _______ folliculitis, multiple monomorphic pustules and red papules appear w/i 2 wks of systemic ______ tx. |
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Definition
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Term
| What med is used to tx folliculitis? Why should it be used intranasally as well? |
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Definition
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Term
| What meds are indicated for extensive dz in folliculitis? |
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Definition
| Oral antistaphylococcal abx (dicloxacillin, doxycycline, minocycline) |
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Term
| Tx for Pityrosporum folliculitis? Follicular dermatophyte? Hot tub? |
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Definition
| 1)Top. or oral anti-yeast or Ketoconazole. 2)Oral antifungals (terbinafine or griseofulvin) 3)Self-limited or use Cipro |
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Term
| A walled-off, deep, and painful mass enclosing a collection of pus often evolving from superficial folliculitis. |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the most common cause of a furuncle? Is it necessary to culture it? |
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Definition
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Term
| An extremely painful, deep, interconnected aggregate of infected, abcessed follicles. |
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Definition
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Term
| Most pts w/ furuncles/carbuncles have normal immune systems, but what 4 things may predispose a pt to develop them? |
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Definition
| Malnutrition, obesity, DM, Leukemia |
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Term
| Tx for furuncle/carbuncle? (3) |
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Definition
| 1)Warm, moist dressings 2)I&D (pack w/ iodoform if large) 3)Systemic antistaph abx (dicloxacillin, cephalexin, amixicillin and clavulanate, clindamycin) |
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Term
| An infection of the dermis and sub-q tissues char. by fever, erythema, edema, and pain. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the most common infecting agents that cause cellulitis? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the infective agent that causes cellulitis /p an animal bite? After swimming in salt water? |
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Definition
| Pasteurella multocida. Vibrio species. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1)Cool,wet dressings 2)Elevation of limb 3)Empiric abx tx aimed at staph and strep (dicloxicillin, amoxil/clavunate, Keflex) |
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Term
| An acute, inflammatory form of cellulitis that is unique in that lymphatic involvement (streaking) is prominent. |
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Definition
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Term
| Distinguish the visual appearance of erysipelas from cellulitis. What is the most common pathogen? |
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Definition
| It's more superficial and its edges are more clearly demarcated (raised) from normal skin than in cellulitis. GAS. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pen V oral, bed rest and elevation of limb |
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Term
| Tinea pedis is AKA? Who is it more common in? |
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Definition
| Athelete's foot. Young and middle-aged men (uncommon in prepuberty) |
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Term
| What are the 3 classic clinical presentations of tinea pedis? |
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Definition
| 1) Interdigital 2)Chronic Scaly infxn of plantar surface 3)Acute vesicular |
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Term
| Describe interdigital tinea pedis. |
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Definition
| Webs become dry, scaly, and fissured or white, macerated, and soggy. MC web b/t 4th and 5th toes. |
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Term
| what is another name for chronic scaly infection of the plantar surface? |
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Definition
| Plantar hyperkeratosis or mocassin-type tinea. |
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Term
| Describe mocassin-type tinea. |
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Definition
| Chronic form resitant to tx, entire sole covered w/ a fine, silvery scale |
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Term
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Definition
| 1)Topical antifungals (butenafine, terbinifine, sertaconazole) 2)Oral AF (lamisil, sporonex, diflucan) 3)Econazole for bacteria in macerated areas |
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Term
| A dermatophyte infection of the crural fold. Who does it occur in? |
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Definition
| Tinea cruris or jock itch. Postpubertal males. |
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Term
| Describe skin findings in jock itch. |
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Definition
| Typ. bilat, half-moon shape w/ well defined advancing scaly border and central clearing. Sometimes red-brown w/i border. |
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Term
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Definition
| Antifungal creams effective a/g Candida and dermatophytes |
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Term
| A dermatophyte infxn of the body, truck, and limbs. What group of people do endemics occur? |
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Definition
| Tinea corporis. Wrestlers. |
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Term
| 2 clinical patterns of tinea corporis? |
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Definition
| round, annular lesions and deep inflammatory lesions |
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Term
| Describe annular lesions in tinea corporis. |
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Definition
| Flat scaly papules that dev. a raised border and the central area becomes brown or hypopigmented and less scaly. Classic ring-worm type. |
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Term
| What can cause deep inflammatory lesions in tinea corporis? |
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Definition
| Zoophilic fungi from animals - ex. Trichophyton verrucosum from cattle |
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Term
| Describe the lesions in the deep inflammatory type of tinea corporis. |
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Definition
| Round, intensely inflamed lesion w/ a uniformly elevated, red, boggy, pustular surface ending w/ brown hyperpigmentation and scarring |
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Term
| What is the tx for extensive lesions in tinea corporis? Highly inflammatory lesions? |
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Definition
| Oral tx (griseofulvin, sporanox, lamisil, or diflucan). Prednisone. |
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Term
| ___ is caused by the invasion of the stratum corneum and hair shaft w/ fungal hyphae. |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes 90% of tinea capitis in the US? who is it most common in? |
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Definition
| Trichophyton tonsurans. Children. |
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Term
| What causes tinea capitis and is aquired from infected household pets, particularly cats? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 4 clinical patterns of Trichophyton tonsurans? |
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Definition
| 1) Seborrheic dermatitis 2) Inflammatory (Kerion) 3) Black-dot pattern 4)Pustular |
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Term
| What is the most common type of trichophyton tonsurans infxn? What clinical sign is often present w/ this type? |
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Definition
| Seborrheic dermatitis. Adenopathy. |
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Term
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Definition
| One or more inflammed, boggy, tender areas of alopecia w/ pustules, may cause scarring alopecia. |
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Term
| What clinical signs may be present in Kerion? |
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Definition
| Fever, occipital adenopathy, and leukocytosis |
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Term
| Describe the black dot pattern. |
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Definition
| Lg. areas of alopecia w/o inflammation. Arthrospores weaken hair breaking it off at the surface causing black dot appearance. |
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Term
| Describe pustular type of tinea capititis. |
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Definition
| Pustules or scabbed areas w/o scale or significant hair loss |
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Term
| What is the KOH finding in most cases of tinea capitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is used to tx tinea capitis? what may be needed to tx a kerion? |
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Definition
| Topical and oral tx - Griseofulvin. Prednisone. |
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Term
| what causes tinea versicolor? |
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Definition
| Pityosporum orbiculare (Malassezia furfur) |
|
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Term
| Describe skin findings in tinea versicolor. |
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Definition
| Numerous, small circular, white, scaling papules on the upper trunk. Hypopigmented lesions in tan skin, pink or fawn colored in untanned skin. |
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Term
| What helps distinguish tinea versicolor from vitilligo? |
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Definition
| Fine scale that can be tested w/ KOH |
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Term
| Tx for tinea versicolor? What is not effective? |
|
Definition
| Top. Selenium sulfide for limited dz, oral Ketocanazole for extensive. Lamisil. |
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Term
| A superficial skin infection causing asymptomatic pits of the stratum corneum usu. involving the soles of the feet. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is found in the stratum corneum of pitted keratolysis? |
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Definition
| Actinomyces keratolytica, gram (+) corynebacterium |
|
|
Term
| what can be used to tx pitted keratolysis? |
|
Definition
| May disappear if removed from moist environment or can use clindamycin |
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Term
| What is seen on Tzanck smears of HSV? |
|
Definition
| Multinucleated giant cells |
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