Term
| What is contact dermatitis? |
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Definition
| Any inflammation of the skin arising from direct skin exposure to a substance. |
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Term
| What are the most common causes of allergic dermatitis in the US? |
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Definition
| Poison oak, sumac, and ivy |
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Term
| Describe the primary sensitization in allergic contact dermatitis? |
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Definition
| Hypersensitivity rxn begins 14-21d /p initial exposure to allergen |
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Term
| Describe the re-exposure in allergic contact dermatitis. |
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Definition
| After 1-14d initiates sensitized lymphocytes to release cytokines that lead to inflammation w/i 12-48hrs |
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Term
| Name common triggers of allergic contact dermatitis in the US (other than plants). |
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Definition
| Fragrances, Preservatives (top. meds and cosmetics), Nickel, Rubber, Latex |
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Term
| Describe the clinical presentation in allergic contact dermatitis. |
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Definition
| Extremely pruritic, erythematous vesicular rash typ. distributed in area of contact. More severe cases have bulla. |
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Term
| What pattern is typically seen in allergic contact dermatitis d/t plant? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the most common sites of distribution of the rash in allergic contact dermatitis? Is it contagious? |
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Definition
| Hands, forearms, and face. Oil from plant is contagious (can be spread in clothing) but not oil oozing from the rash |
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Term
| 4 tx for mild to moderate cases of allergic contact dermatitis? |
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Definition
| 1)Topical steroids 2)Oatmeal baths 3)Soothing lotions 4)Wet to semi-wet dressings |
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Term
| Tx for severe cases of allergic contact dermatitis? |
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Definition
| Systemic corticosteroids (prednisone) and antihistamines |
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Term
| what should you do in recurrent cases of allergic contact dermatitis? |
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Definition
| Refer to an allergist for patch testing |
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Term
| Irritant contact dermatitis is the most common cause of what? |
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Definition
| Occupational skin disease |
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Term
| Who is at higher risk for irritant contact dermatitis? |
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Definition
| People w/ fair skin or AD |
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Term
| Name 5 common irritants that cause contact dermatitis. |
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Definition
| Detergents, water, acids, alkalines, and oils |
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Term
| Describe the clinical presentation of irritant contact dermatitis. |
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Definition
| Erythema, chapped, dry skin w/ fissures, mild to extreme puritus, and mainly burning |
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Term
| What is most commonly affected in irritant contact dermatitis? |
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Definition
| Hands MC, also eyelids and lips |
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Term
| TX for irritant contact dermatitis other than avoiding offending agent? |
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Definition
| Emmolients (occlusion w/ plastic wrap), topical steroids, and use only mild cleansers |
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Term
| Name 2 main things that distinguish irritant from allergic contact dermatitis. |
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Definition
| 1)Burning w/ little itch likely irritant 2)Vesicles rare w/ irritant |
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