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Dermatology Descriptors
Dermatologic descriptors - includes examples with each
21
Medical
Graduate
02/05/2010

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Term
Macule
Definition
flat, circumscribed, < 1cm - freckles, flat moles, petechia, measles, scarlet fever
Term
Papule
Definition
elevated, firm, circumscribed, < 1 cm - wart (verruca), elevated moles, lichen planus
Term
Patch
Definition
flat, nonpalpable, irregular-shpaed macule > 1 cm - vitiligo, port-win stains, mongolian spots, café au lait patch
Term
Plaque
Definition
elevated, firm, rough w/ flat top surface, > 1cm - psoriasis, seborrheic & actinic keratoses
Term
Wheal
Definition
elevated, irregular-shaped edema; solid, transient, variable diameter - insect bites, urticaria, allergic reaction
Term
Nodule
Definition
elevated, firm, circumscribed, deeper than papule; 1-2 cm - Erythema nodosum, lipomas
Term
Tumor
Definition
elevated, solid; may or may not be demarcated; deeper in dermis; > 2 cm - neoplasms, benign tumor, lipoma
Term
Vesicle
Definition
elevated, circumscribed, superficial, not into dermis; filled w/ serous fluid; < 1 cm - varicella, herpes zoster
Term
Bulla
Definition
vesicle > 1 cm - blister, pemphigus vulgaris
Term
Pustule
Definition
elevated, superficial; similar vesicle, but filled w/ purulent fluid - impetigo, acne
Term
Cyst
Definition
elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated; in dermis or subQ; filled w/ liquid or semi-solid - sebaceous cyst, cystic acne
Term
Telangiectasia
Definition
fine, irregular, red lines produced by capillary dilation - telangiectasia in rosacea
Term
Scale
Definition
heaped-up, keratinized cells; flaky skin; irregular; thick or thin; dry or oily; variation in size - flaking d/t seborrheic dermatitis or following scarlet fever
Term
Lichenification
Definition
rough, thickened epidermis 2ndary to persistent rubbing, itching, or skin irritation - chronic dermatitis
Term
Keloid
Definition
Irregular-shaped, elevated, progressively enlarging scar; grows beyond the boundaries of wound
Term
Excoriation
Definition
Loss of epidermis; linear, hollowed-out, crusted area - abrasion or scratch, scabies
Term
Fissure
Definition
linear crack or break from epidermis to the dermis; may be moist or dry - Athletes foot, cracks at corner of mouth
Term
Erosion
Definition
Loss of part of the epidermis; depressed, moist, glistening; follows rupture of vesicle or bulla - Varicella, variola after rupture
Term
Ulcer
Definition
Loss of epidermis & dermis; concave; varies in size - Decubiti, stasis ulcers
Term
Crust
Definition
Dried serum, blood, or purulent exudates; slightly elevated; size varies; brown/red/black/tan/strawberry colored - Scab on abrasion, eczema
Term
Atrophy
Definition
Thinning of skin surface & loss of skin markings; skin translucent & paperlike Striae; aged skin
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