Term
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Definition
| Epidermis, dermis, subcutis |
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Term
| Layers of epidermis (external --> internal) |
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Definition
| Stratum Corneum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale |
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Term
| What type of cell are keratinocytes and where are they found? |
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Definition
| Squamous cells, epidermis |
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Term
| What layers are the Stratum Basale attached to and how? |
|
Definition
Bottom - Dermis - Hemidesmosomes
Top - Spinous Layer - Desmosome |
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Term
| Where are Rete ridges found and what is their function? |
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Definition
| Stratum Basale, increase dermis-epidermis contact surface area |
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Term
| In what layer are Melanocytes & Merkel cells found? |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| Slow adapting touch receptors |
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Term
| WHat is the origin of Melanocytes? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What does skin color depend on? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What enzyme is melanin made by? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are melanosomes and where do they come from? |
|
Definition
| Melanin pigment granules, supplied by melanocytes |
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Term
| Where are Langerhans cells found? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Function of Langerhans cells? |
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Definition
| Antigen presenting, immune system |
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Term
| What does hydroquinone do and how? |
|
Definition
| "Bleaches" skin by inhibiting tyrosinase |
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Term
| What are the 3 locations in which Vit D is synthesized? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does UVB interact with in the synthesis of Vit D? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| In which layers of the skin is Vit D synthesized? |
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Definition
| Stratum Basale, Stratum Spinosum |
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|
Term
| In which epidermal layer do cells begin to flatten out? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is secreted in the Stratum Granulosum? |
|
Definition
| Odland bodies - intracellular lipid membranes |
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|
Term
| 3 components of Odland bodies? |
|
Definition
| ceramide, fatty acids, cholesterol |
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|
Term
| In which epidermal layer due nuclei disappear and what is it called when they don't? |
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Definition
| Stratum Corneum, parakeratosis |
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|
Term
| Which dermal layer interlocks w the rete ridge of epidermis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which dermal layer contains hair follicles w sebaceous glands, eccrine glands, apocrine glands? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the molecular components of the dermis? |
|
Definition
| Collagen (type I:type 4 = 4:1 in adults), fibroblasts |
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|
Term
| Difference btwn hypertrophic & keloid scars? |
|
Definition
| Hypertrophic stays within border of injury, keloid extends beyond boundary |
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|
Term
| What is the Subcutis composed of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 "layers" of vascular supply to skin |
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Definition
| Dermal-Subcutaneous Interface Plexus, Superficial Plexus |
|
|
Term
| From which embryological cells do the epidermis, dermis, & adnexae originate from? |
|
Definition
| Epidermis & Adnexae - ectoderm; Dermis - mesoderm |
|
|
Term
| How fast do fingernails grow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is Onycholysis and what diseases is it assoc w? |
|
Definition
| separation of nail plate from nail bed; Assoc w hyperthyroidism & psoriasis |
|
|
Term
| WHat is a fungal infxn of the nail called? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where in the hair follicle are stem cells found? |
|
Definition
| the Buldge (insertion of arrector pili) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Baby hairs that fall out after birth |
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|
Term
| What are the 3 steps of the hair cycle? |
|
Definition
| Anagen (growing), Catagen (transition), Telogen (resting) |
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|
Term
| Which part of the hair cycle is the longest (it's duration determines hair length) & is affected by chemo? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many hairs are on the scalp & how many are lost per day? |
|
Definition
| 100,000; 100-150 lost per day |
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|
Term
| What do sebaceous glands secrete & what does this substance contain? |
|
Definition
| Sebum; contains triglycerides, wax esters, squalene, cholesterol |
|
|
Term
| What is sebum secretions stimulated by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are sebaceous glands NOT found? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| On what 4 body parts are sebaceous glands NOT assoc w hair follicles? |
|
Definition
| Eyelid, Buccal Mucosa & Vermillion Border, Prepuce, Female Areolas |
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|
Term
| 4 parts of the body where Apocrine glands are found? |
|
Definition
| Axillae, Anogenital, Areole, external Auditory canal |
|
|
Term
| What disease causes chronic infection/inflammation of apocrine glands? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is secreted by the Eccrine duct (2)? |
|
Definition
| Hypotonic sweat, Merocrines |
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|
Term
| Which gland is innervated by cholinergic but sympathetic innervation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is hyperhidrosis treated and which gland/duct does it target? |
|
Definition
| Botox, eccrine duct (cholinergic but sympathetic) |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Erosions scar? Why or why not? |
|
Definition
| No, do not involve dermis |
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|
Term
| Do Ulcers scar? Why or why not? |
|
Definition
| Yes, involve dermis & stimulate fibroblasts |
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|
Term
| The 2 antibacterial proteins of the skin? |
|
Definition
| Cathelicidins & b-defensins |
|
|
Term
| Which skin cell secretes cytokines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the "bricks & mortar" of the skin? |
|
Definition
| Keratinocytes & Odland Bodies |
|
|
Term
| Difference btwn 1st & 2nd degree burn? |
|
Definition
| 1st - erythema, desquamation; 2nd - edema, vesicle, can scar |
|
|
Term
| How can a burn cause electrolyte abnormalities? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Difference btwn 3rd & 4th degree burns? |
|
Definition
| 3rd - full thickness skin & some fat; 4th - full skin, subcutis, tendons |
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|
Term
| Where do "bed sores" cause the most damage? |
|
Definition
| Underneath skin (not @ surface) |
|
|
Term
| Difference btwn Stage 2 & 3 of pressure ulcer staging? |
|
Definition
| 2 - erosion; 3 - ulcer (dermis & subcutaneous) |
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|
Term
| What is the initial healing of a wound consist of? |
|
Definition
| Collagen III & Fibronectin |
|
|
Term
| Wounds never gain more than what % of intact unwounded skin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do reserve Basal Keratinocytes for re-epithelialization & re-pigmentation of wounds come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are skin lesions in areas of uninvolved skin after trauma called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What heals faster - a blister or an erosion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 skin conditions assoc w Koebner Phenomenon? |
|
Definition
| Psoriasis & Lichen Planus |
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