Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Derm ex2
pharynx
21
Medical
Professional
12/10/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
functions of thyroid and parathyroid?
Definition

thyroid functions in metabolism (highly vascularized so hormones can reach circulation)

 

parathyroid functions in calcium and phosph metab (often found at base of thyroid gland)

Term
risk in tracheotomy
Definition
losing the parathyroid glands.  must leave at least one, you can autograft it into the forearm if necessary
Term
location of the isthmus?  what might connect from isthmus to hyoid
Definition

btwn the 2-4 tracheal rings

 

-a pyramidal lobe which is a remnant of the thyroglossal duct

***has to be cut across if an artificial airway is going to be made so important to establish if it is there

Term
the larynx
Definition

cartilagenous structure which contains an valve to close the respiratory tract.  it also produces sound

 

between hyoid on top and pharynx on bottom

Term
size between the laminal of the thyroid cartilage in men and women
Definition

more in women than men (120 v 90).  this more acute angle is what makes the laryngeal prominence (adams apple) larger in men

 

laryngeal prominence is the convergence, the superior thyroid notch is the divergence

Term
cricoid cartilage
Definition

only cartilage that encircles the larynx

 

attached to arytenoid and thyroid cartilage superiorly

Term
what attaches to the arytenoid cartilages?
Definition

vocalis muscle and vestibular ligaments on the anteriolateral sides

 

the vocal ligament attaches across the vocal processes

 

the posterior and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles at the muscular processes

Term
the cricothyroid ligament
Definition
forms the vocal ligament which is under the vocal folds (true vocal cords)
Term
the quadrangular ligament
Definition

runs from the lateral aspect of the eipglottis to the anterolateral surface of arytenoid on the same side

 

the lower margin of this forms the vestibular ligament (the false vocal cord)

 

 

Term
laryngeal joints (the synovial joints of the larynx)
Definition

the cricothyroid joint is where the vocal ligaments lengthen

 

the cricoarytenoid joints is where the vocal ligaments AB and ADduct

Term
what is the space between the tongue and the epiglottis where food can get stuck?
Definition
the valecculae
Term
the laryngeal succule
Definition
ªContain numerous mucus glands that secrete mucus & lubricate vocal folds
Term
rima glottidis and rima vestibulli
Definition

the rima glottidis actually is the opening the trachea and the vestibulli is lateral to it on each side

 

they open and close by the arytenoid cartilages

Term
tissue difference between the true vocal cords and everything else below the epiglottis
Definition

the vocal cords are stratified squamous because the slough off and are resilient

 

everything else is respiratory epithelium

Term
all the intrinsic muscles of the pharynx are innervated by the inferior larygeal nerve EXCEPT??
Definition

the cricothyroid muscles.  it is innervated by the exteral branch of the superior laryngeal.

 

it stretches and tenses the vocal cords

Term
arterial blood supply to the larynx?
Definition

the superior laryngeal artery off the superior thyroid off the external carotid

 

the inferior laryngeal artery off the inferior thyroid branch from the thyrocerivcal trunk off the subclavian

Term
sensory innervation of the larynx?
Definition

above the vocal cords, it's the internal branch of the superior laryngeal 

 

inferior to the vocal cords, it's the recurrent

Term
what does the posterior and lateral cricoarytenoid do?
Definition

the lateral ADducts the vocal cords

 

the posterior ABducts, stops phonation

Term
how does one INCREASE pitch
Definition
by contracting the cricothyroid muscles
Term
what is the valsalva maneuver?
Definition
ªvestibule, rimavestibuli and glottidis are fully closed therefore airway is shut!
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