Term
|
Definition
Oily with little water
Best used to lubricate |
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Term
|
Definition
Emulsions of oil in water
Easy to apply then vanish |
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Term
|
Definition
Water, alcohol or oily
Convenient to apply, drying |
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Term
|
Definition
Drying
Vehicles are alcohol, propylene glycol, water |
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Term
|
Definition
"Anti-itch" - pruritus
MOA: soothes skin
KIN: applied after bath, apply thin layer to dry skin |
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Term
|
Definition
Pruritus
Vistaril in adults; Benadryl in kids
MOA: discourage the effort to scratch
KIN: PO TID
SE: sedation
generally given for older people |
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Term
Prednisone
Methylprednisolone
Dexamethasone |
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Definition
Corticosteroids
Acute tx of transient illness; Manage life-threatening dermatoses
KIN: given as tapered dose |
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Term
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Doxepin (Sinequan) |
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Definition
Benadryl - elixir hs for kids
Sinequan - for adults |
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Term
| Pimecrolimus 1% cream (Elidel) |
|
Definition
MILD TO MODERATE atopic dermatitis
use when others have failed
SE: pruritis, burning sensation
BB: rare cases of cancer (skin, lymphoma)
Avoid long term use and sunlight |
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Term
| Tacrolimus ointment (Prograf) |
|
Definition
MODERATE TO SEVERE atopic dermatitis
use when others have failed
SE: pruritis, burning sensation
BB: rare cases of cancer (skin, lymphoma)
Avoid long term use and sunlight |
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Term
|
Definition
Skin, vaginal infection; oral candidiasis
PO & topical |
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Term
|
Definition
DOC
Oral esophageal candidiasis in AIDS pts
Prophylaxis of vaginal candidiasis
PO |
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Term
|
Definition
DOC for mild to moderate comedonal & inflammatory acne
MOA: modulate epithelial keratinization & inflam, dec formation of cmedones
KIN: cream & gel, apply nightly, takes 6-12 weeks for full effect
SE: photosensitivity, erythema, dryness
Avoid excessive use and contact with mucous membranes |
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Term
| Benzoyl Peroxide 5 or 10% |
|
Definition
1st line tx for mild to moderate noninflammatory acne
MOA: penetrates striatum, contact sensitizer, bleaching agent
KIN: applied QD, start c low concentration to decrease irritation |
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Term
|
Definition
*Use if all other tx's fail*
Severe recalcitrant nodular acne
KIN: lesions get worse before it gets better
SE: dryness of conjunctiva & lips, photosensitivity
C/I: PG cat X
2 pages of BB warnings
All pts, HCP, & pharmacist must register c SMART system |
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Term
| 1st line therapy: Impetigo |
|
Definition
| topical Mupirocin ointment TID for 7-10 days |
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Term
| 1st line therapy: Mild Cellulites |
|
Definition
| broad-spectrum penicillin (amox/clav or dicloxacillin) |
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Term
| 1st line therapy: Pustular Infections |
|
Definition
| warm compresses, topical tx with Mupirocin, gentamicin, bacitracin (systemic therapy may not be needed) |
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Term
| 1st line therapy: Paronychia |
|
Definition
| systemic antibiotics (amox/clav, Cephalexin, dicloxacillin, erythromycin) |
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Term
| Mupirocin (Bactroban ointment) |
|
Definition
Rx only
DOC for minor impetigo
Tx skin infections 2' staph & various strep; gram + bacteria |
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Term
| Gentamicin (Garamycin cream or ointment) |
|
Definition
| more effective against staph & beta-hemolytic strep than neomycin |
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Term
|
Definition
topical - 1st line for HSV-1
oral - 1st line for VZV |
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Term
|
Definition
| oral - 1st line for herpes zoster |
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Term
|
Definition
1st line: moisturizers (emoillients - Eucerin, Lubriderm) & topical steroids
2nd line: reapplication of steroid after a weeks rest, possible add a vit D analog
3rd line: referral to dermaologist |
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Term
|
Definition
Local anesthetic - esters
Temporary relief of pain and itching - usually on mucus membranes; anal/vulvae pruritus, hemorrhoids
MOA: prevent/suppress pain sensation by acting on peripheral sensory nerves
KIN: topical or injection
SE: sensitization
C/I: app to throat may suppress swallowing, cough, gag reflex |
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Term
|
Definition
Corticosteroid
Tx: responsive inflammatory conditions - allergic conjunctivitis, keratitis
MOA: exert an anti-inflammatory action
KIN: relieves itching, redness |
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Term
|
Definition
Mast cell stabilizer
Tx: various inflammatory d/o - conjunctivitis, keratitis
MOA: mast cell stabilizers that inhibit hypersensitivity reactions |
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Term
|
Definition
Beta-Blocker
1st line agent for primary open-angle glaucoma
MOA: ophthalmic drops reduce IOP by decreasing production of aqueous humor
SE: may cause systemic effects |
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Term
|
Definition
Prostaglandin analog
Tx: glaucoma
MOA: lower IOP by facilitating aqueous humor outflow by relaxing ciliary muscle
SE: pigmentation of eyelid, blurred vision, local burning/stinging |
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Term
| Tetrahydrozoline (Visine) |
|
Definition
| OTC antihistamine for relief of itching and redness - minor eye irritation |
|
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Term
|
Definition
DOC - amoxicillin
resolves spontaneously in 80% of children |
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Term
| Otitis Externa "swimmer's ear" |
|
Definition
| 1st line drug: fluoroquinolone (Cipro) |
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