Term
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Definition
| small, fluid filled lesion (< 1 cm.); small blister; ex: cold sore associated w/ oral herpes |
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Term
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Definition
| larger (than vesicle) fluid filled lesion; large blister (> 1 cm); ex: pemphigus and pemphigoid |
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Term
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Definition
| small circumscribed lesion which elevates or protrudes |
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Term
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Definition
| larger (than papule) palpable lesion; above, at or below tissue surface |
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Term
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Definition
| lesion with lobes or segments; ex: some tori |
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Term
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Definition
| nodular overgrowth of normal compact bone; similar to torus, different location; COMMON ON posterior buccal alveolar bone |
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Term
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Definition
| generalized white/gray film "opalescence"; more often in black pts.; film disappears or is reduced when buccal mucosa is stretched; commonly bilateral |
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Term
| local signs of inflammation |
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Definition
| *redness *swelling *heat *pain *loss of function |
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Term
| systemic signs of inflammation |
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Definition
| *fever (pyrogens affect the hypothalmus, which controls temp.) *leukocytosis (increased # of circulating WBCs) *lymphadenopathy (enlarged lymph nodes) *elevated c-reactive protein (produced by liver during inflammation; higher CRP = higher risk of stroke and heart attack) |
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Term
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Definition
| *short duration *possibly severe course *neutrophils (pmns) |
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Term
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Definition
| *longer time *exacerbation & remission *macrophages *lymphocytes *plasma cells |
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Term
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Definition
| source of inflammation/injury is removed |
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Term
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Definition
| 1st to site;most numerous (60-70% normally); phagocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
| once in tissue, called macrophages;2nd to site;phagocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
| associated w/chronic inflammation; immune response- B (plasma) make immunoglobin (antibodies)- T= memory, helper, killer |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| WBCs; inflammation & immunity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| chemical response to injury: Kinin System |
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Definition
| *early stages of inflammation *chemicals that induce pain; dilation of blood vessels; increased permeability of blood vessels |
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Term
| chemical response to injury: clotting mechanism |
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Definition
| stops bleeding at site of injury |
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Term
| chemical response to injury: Complement system |
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Definition
| *proteins *help mast cells release histamine *cytolysis-> death of foreign cells *opsonization-> improves phagocytosis *pmn's (neutrophils) *macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
| wearing away of occlusal and incisal due to normal chewing; more seen in older patients |
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Term
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Definition
| grinding an clenching for non-functional purposes; wear facets; hypertrophy of chewing muscles, muscle fatigue/pain; TMJ pain; tooth mobility; TX- occlusal adjustment, bite splint, stress reduction |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanical- improper toothbrushing, hard brush, pipe smoking; on cervical and root surfaces; usually asymptomatic; TX- OHI, restoration |
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Term
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Definition
| wedge shaped lesions at cervical area; occlusal (biomechanical) stresses on tooth; TX- restoration with composite or glass ionomer |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical action; appear smooth and polished; lingual and facial surfaces, most common; result from bulimia, diet (lemons), cocaine, etc |
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Term
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Definition
| aspirin or hot foods; white, necrotic ulceration; painful; may slough off, leaving large erythematous area; heals in 1-3 weeks |
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Term
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Definition
| trauma (bruise); asymptomatic; initially ice and direct pressure may decrease size, no other tx needed |
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Term
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Definition
| common; injury due to biting lip, cheek or tongue, also removing removing dry cotton from mucosa, toothbrushing, etc; HISTORY IS IMPORTANT; should heal in 7-14 days, if ulcer persists, biopsy may be indicated |
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Term
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Definition
| thickening of keratin from chronic friction; AKA frictional keratosis; often caused by rough restorations or cheek chewing; find cause to eliminate; if lesion doesn't resolve, it may be premalignant (up to 10%) |
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Term
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Definition
| very rare; caused by injury to a peripheral nerve as in local anesthesia and surgical traumas; often painful; mental foramen most common; TX- surgical excision |
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Term
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Definition
| may be normal in dark skinned pt;may be due to smoking or trauma; if unsure of diagnosis, may require biopsy |
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Term
|
Definition
| epithelium lined mucocele; been there a long time |
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Term
| necrotizing sialometaplasia |
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Definition
| benign condition of salivary glands; painful swelling and ulceration of the palate, due to blockage of blood supply to area; spontaneous healing in 2 weeks, if not biopsy to rule out squamous cell carcinoma |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of salivary land due to infection or duct obstruction; TX- antibiotics if infection is present |
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Term
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Definition
| elevated, ulcerated lesion; soft, bleeds eaasily; proliferation of CT w/ numerous blood and inflammatory cells;response to injury or irritation (ex: calculus);"pregnancy tumor/granuloma gravidarum"; gingiva- most common site; TX- surgical excision (if it doesn't resolve on its own |
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Term
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Definition
| contains many multinucleated giant cells & CT with many blood vessels; cause unknown, possibly trauma; looks like pyogenic granuloma; peripheral- gingiva, central- bone;TX- surgical excision |
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Term
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Definition
| MOST COMMON MASS ON GINGIVA; "irritation/traumatic fibroma"; dense, scar-like CT with few blood vessels; from trauma; TX- surgical excision |
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Term
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Definition
| denture induced fibrous hyperplasia; ill fitting dentures; in vestibule; elongated folds of tissue into which the denture fits; dense, fibrous CT w/ stratified squamous epithelium; TX- surgical removal of excess tissue followed by construction of new denture |
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Term
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Definition
| palatal papillomatitis or denture stomatitis; multiple erythematous, pebble shaped bumps on palate; associated with partial/full maxillary denture;C. albicans may be present and infective; TX- surgical removal of hyperplastic tissue & construction of new dentures |
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Term
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Definition
| increased bulk of attached and free gingiva, esp. papillae (most common); resonse to chronic inflammation, hormones or meds: dilantin, procardia & cyclosporin;TX- gingivoplasty, gingivectomy, OHI & debribement |
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Term
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Definition
| begins in pulp, spreads to periapical area; due to caries or trauma |
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Term
| chromic hyperplastic pulpitis |
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Definition
| red, inflamed tissue filling entire pulp; excessive granulation tissue, usually associated w/ large caries; TX- extraction or endo |
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Term
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Definition
| pus & necrotic debris, surrounded by CT; very painful; may or may not be radiolucent;TX- drainage followed by extraction or endo |
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Term
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Definition
| identical to periapical abcess radiographically; mass of chronic granulation (scar) tissue at apex of tooth;usually asymptomatic; dense, fibrous CT w/ lymphocytes, macrophages & plasma cells;TX- extraction or endo |
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Term
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Definition
| "radicular cyst"; pathological cavity lined w/ epithelium, filled with fluid; MOST COMMON CYST IN ORAL CAVITY; TX- extraction or endo, curettage of periapical tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| -clast cells; loose tooth or "drifting";trauma, inflammation, pressure or unknown cause; **external- outside-> in, usually starts at apex, poorer prognosis **internal- inside-> out, may result in clinical "pink tooth";TX- eliminate cause, endo for internal resorption |
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Term
| focal schlerosing osteomyelitis |
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Definition
| "condensing osteitis"; radiopaque at apex of tooth; possible low grade infection; mandibular 1st molar most common area;associated with carious/restored tooth; usually asymptomatic; no tx needed, but may need biopsy for diagnosis |
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Term
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Definition
| dry socket; post-op complication of extraction; most common- mandibular 3rd molar; loss of blood clot in exposed bone; pain, bad odor, bad taste (due to bone death); TX-irrigation,medicated dressing, pain meds, pack w/ clove oil; #1 risk factor- smoking |
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Term
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Definition
| non-specific; injury/invasion; no memory; all instances produce the same response |
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Term
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Definition
| non-specific; injury/invasion; no memory; all instances produce the same response |
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Term
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Definition
| defends against microbes; memory; quicker response due to memory |
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Term
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Definition
| increased responsiveness results from memory of the antigen (antibodies) |
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Term
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Definition
| immunoglobulin (Ig); protein; made by plasma cells; react to inactivate specific antigens (Ag); specific; activated by B-lymphocytes (plasma cells) |
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Term
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Definition
| foreign matter; induces specific immune responses (activates antibodies) |
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Term
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Definition
| person's own tissue becomes an antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| made by WBCs; chemicals; affect behavior of other cells; can stimulate WBCs; help to stimulate macrophages; can destroy fibroblasts (negative reaction) |
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Term
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Definition
| 1st antibody to site of injury/invasion; activates the complement system |
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Term
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Definition
| most numerous antibody (gama globulin); enhances phagocytosis; gives passive immunity to newborns |
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Term
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Definition
| type I hypersensitivity reactions (immediate allergy); binds to mast cells (histamine) |
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Term
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Definition
| found in body fluids; ex: saliva, tears, mucus |
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Term
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Definition
| a lot of them; stimulate lymphocyte production |
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Term
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Definition
| mature in the lymphatic system; plasma cells (antibody production) and memory cells (memory) |
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Term
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Definition
| mature in the thymus gland; memory, suppressor and T-cytolytic cells; T-cytolytic cells kill viruses, bacteria and tumors |
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Term
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Definition
| produce histamine; increase permeability of blood vessels; increase dilation of blood vessels; constriction of smooth muscles of the airway linings (IgE) |
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Term
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Definition
| monocytes in the circulatory system; phagocytosis; prominant lysosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| WBCs; destroy viruses and foreign cells |
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Term
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Definition
| WBCs; important in the immune system |
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Term
| Divisions of Immune Response: Humoral Response |
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Definition
| mediated by secreted antibodies; secreted antibodies bind to antigens on the surfaces of invading microbes (such as viruses or bacteria), which flags them for destruction |
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Term
| Divisions of Immune Response: Cellular Response |
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Definition
| involves the activation of macrophages, natural killer cells, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen |
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Term
| Types of Immunity: Active Natural |
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Definition
| Occurs during infection; active because lymphocytes are activated by antigens on pathogen's surface |
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Term
| Types of Immunity: Active Artificial |
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Definition
| Injecting or taking antigens by mouth; takes time for T and B cells to be activated but gives long lasting immunity |
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Term
| Types of Immunity: Passive Natural |
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Definition
| Mother to child through placenta or milk |
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Term
| Types of Immunity: Passive Artificial |
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Definition
| Used during potentially fatal diseases; Provides an instant response but only temporary as antibodies are not the body's own so memory cells are not created; ex: tetanus - injection of antitoxins given |
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Term
| Hypersensitivity Reactions: Type I |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Hypersensitivity Reactions: Type II |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypersensitivity Reactions: Type III |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Hypersensitivity Reactions: Type IV |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| diffuse swelling; often part of an allergic reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| target/bull's eye lesions on skin/mucosa; necrosis of epithelium due to immune reaction; TX= steroids; cause unknown, suspect trriggers such as: herpes simplex infection, mycoplasma pneumonia or recent use of antibiotic or analgesic; MOST SEVERE FORM: Steven's-Johnson's Syndrome |
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Term
|
Definition
| Wickham's Striae (lacy, white network on mucosa); benign; chronic; idiopathic cause; buccal mucosa most common site; possible increased risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma; TX= steroids, if lesions are symptomatic |
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Term
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Definition
| reactive arthritis; benign and self limiting; TRIAD OF SYMPTOMS: arthritis, urethritis, conjunctivitis; cause unknown, associated with genetic influence (marker HLA-B27) & abnormal immune response; develops 1-4 weeks aftyer STD or GI infection; affects immune system |
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Term
| Langerhan's Cell Disease (Histeocytosis X) |
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Definition
| proliferation of macrophages (Langerhan's cells)with unknown cause; 1)Letterer-Siwe disease~ young children, rapidly fatal (infants) 2)Hand-Schuller-Christian disease~ young children; very poor prognosis 3)Eosinophilic Granuloma~ TX with surgiccal excision/radiation; better prognosis; children and adults |
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Term
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Definition
| normally have an average life-span; autoimmune disease causing xeropthalmia and xerostomia(Sicca Syndrome); arthritis often associated with syndrome; bilateral parotid enlargement (50% of pt.); rheumatoid factor (antibody to an antibody); TX= steroids, saliva & tear substitutes, NSAIDs (motrin, alleve, naproxin, etc.) also parasympathetic drug to stimulate saliva production |
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Term
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Definition
| autoimmune disease; butterfly rash; women affected 8:1; skin lesions, arthritis, myalgia, involves many organs;TX= NSAIDs, steroids & other immunosuppressive drugs |
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Term
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Definition
| severe, progressive autoimmune disease of the skin and mucosa;characterized by erythema, vesicles, bullae and ulcers; due to destruction of desmosomes in epithelium; TZANCK CELLS due to separation of epithelial cells (called acantholysis); positive NIckolsky signs;TX= high dose steroids (increased risk of adrenal crisis) |
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Term
| Pemphigoid (benign mucous membrane pemphigoid) |
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Definition
| autoimmune disease, associated w/desquamative gingivitis; may have positive positive Nickolsky signs; due to destruction of hemidesmosomes, causing separation of epithelium from the basement membrane; TX= steroids |
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Term
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Definition
| TRIAD: oral, eye and genital lesions; autoimmune disease; causes ulcers similar to apthous ulcers |
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Term
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Definition
| bacterial infection of the skin;caused by strep pyogens and staph aureus; cuts and abrasions allow bacteria to colonize; contagious disease; may have normal systemic infection signs; treatment includes antibiotics |
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Term
|
Definition
childhood disease follows beta hemolytic strep bacteria; tonsillitis/pharyngitis; characterized by an inflammatory reaction of the: heart, joints, and CNS; may result in heart damage that increases a patient's
risk of bacterial endocarditis; no need for pre meds unless; valve replacement/previous or bacterial endocarditis; treatment includes antibiotics |
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Term
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Definition
| contagious, granulomatous tissue; commonly in lungs; caused by acid fast rod (mycobacterium tuberculosis); infection due to inhaled infectious droplets; Mantoux skin test (PPD-purified protein derivative); treatment includes Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampin; Scrofula-TB of the head and neck with lymph node involvement |
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Term
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Definition
| bacterial infection; caused by actinomyces Israeli (found in soil); characterized by draining skin lesions with "sulfur granules"; abscesses are common; fistula common (we make one if not there already);treatment includes antibiotics; can be found on skin or around apex of tooth |
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Term
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Definition
| contagious disease caused by bacterial spirochete; treponema palidum; congenital syphilis characterized by: Hutchinson's incisors, Mulberry molars, deafness; treatment includes penicillin (antibiotics); Three stages-Primary-chancre at site of origination, Secondary-rash, oral mucosa patches, latency/remission, Tertiary-gumma, antibiotics will not work anymore |
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Term
| Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis |
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Definition
| painful, erythematous gingiva with necrotic papilla; associated with:poor hygiene, decreased resistance to infection, stress, malnutrition; caused by anaerobic fusiform bacillus and a spirochete:borrelia vincentii,treponema denticola, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis; treatment includes debriment, OHI (do not scale), meds: Flagyl (metronidazole) if systemic |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the mucosa around the crown of partially erupted teeth, mandibular third molar area more common; treatment includes:debridement, irrigation, antibiotics, usually extraction of tooth |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bone and bone marrow; may be caused by abscess, bone fracture, or surgery; may be acute or chronic; "moth eaten" radiolucency in the bone; treatment includes:drainage of area, debridement, antibiotics and hyperbaric oxygen |
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Term
| Candidiasis (Monoliasis, thrush) |
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Definition
| most common oral infection; caused by an overgrowth of a yeast-like fungus candida albicans; results from any immunodeficiency:antibiotic use, steroid therapy, HIV infection; white material that can be wiped away leaving red below; very painful; treatment includes Nystatin (mycostatin) antifungal; Many types-pseudomembranous (white, curd-like), erythematous, Chronic atrophic candidiasis-denture stomatitis |
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Term
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Definition
| Verruca Vulgaris-"common wart" caused by virus; white, papillary exophytic lesion; common on the skin;lips most common intraoral site; Condyloma Acuminatum- benign papillary lesion caused by a virus; sexually transmitted disease; genital lesions more common than oral lesions; major cause of cervical cancer in women; Treatment includes surgical excision |
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Term
| Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis |
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Definition
| initial infection with herpes simplex 6 months-6 years; characterized by fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy followed by painful, red, swollen gingiva with vesicles; vesicles ulcerate, crust over, and heal within 10-14 days |
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Term
| Recurrent herpetic gingivostomatitis- |
|
Definition
| cold sores, fever blisters; most common as herpes labialis on vermillion borders; may be brought on by sun, stress, fever, menstruation; can be idiopathic recurrence |
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Term
|
Definition
| herpes simplex involving the fingers |
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Term
| Varicella-Zoster virus (Herpes) |
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Definition
| Chicken Pox-highly contagious; causing vesicles and pustules; associated with headaches, fatigue, malaise; recovery within 2 to 3 weeks; caused by Varicella virus; Herpes-Zoster (Shingles)-"adult chicken pox"; contagious; characterized by painful vesicles; unilateral along distribution of sensory nerve |
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Term
| Epstein-Barr virus (Herpes) |
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Definition
| Cause the following diseases: Infectious mononucleosis,Hairy leukoplakia, Chronic fatigue syndrome, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma; Nasopharyngeal and Burkitt's are very rare malignant neoplasms |
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Term
|
Definition
| characterized by sore throat, enlarged spleen, malaise, fatigue; palatal patechiae may occur early in the disease; self limiting disease; resolves in 4 to 6 weeks |
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Term
|
Definition
| characterized by irregular, corrugated white lesions on lateral borders of the tongue; occurs most commonly in HIV patients |
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Term
|
Definition
| Measles-highly contagious disease; Koplik's spots: small, red macules with white, necrotic centers found in the oral cavity; Mumps: viral disease of the salivary glands; associated with painful, bilateral swellings of the Parotid glands |
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Term
|
Definition
| NOT associated with herpes virus: Herpangina: vesicles on the soft palate; fever, malaise, sore throat (mild disease); contagious; Hand-Foot-Mouth disease: children under 5 years; macules/papules on skin and oral mucosa; mild disease; resolves in 2 weeks; contagious |
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Term
|
Definition
| Associated oral diseases:Candidiasis, Hairy Leukoplakia, Kaposi's sarcoma, ANUG, ANUP and other opportunistic diseases |
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Term
|
Definition
| anomaly resulting from failure/disturbance of developing body's cell division, multiplication or differentiation; ex: cleft lip/palate |
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Term
|
Definition
| caused by abnormality in genetic make-up of individual; "genetic disorder" |
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Term
|
Definition
| disorder present at birth; can be developmental or inherited |
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Term
| Dentigerous Cyst (Follicular Cyst) |
|
Definition
| forms around crown of unerupted teeth; originates from REE; most common site: 3rd molar area; well defined, unilocular radiolucency; TX= surgical removal of cyst (and often tooth) |
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Term
|
Definition
| similar to dentigerous cyst, but in soft tissue; usually no TX required, tooth will erupt through it |
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Term
|
Definition
| develops in place of a tooth; most common in mandibular 3rd molar area; well defined radiolucency; usually unilocular, though can be multilocular; TX= surgical excision |
|
|
Term
| Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) |
|
Definition
| unique histological appearance: 8-10 layers of epithelium, surfaced by parakeratin (palisaded basal layer); most common in mand. 3rd molar area; well defined, multilocular radiolucence;may be primordial or dentigerous cyst w/ keratinization of epithelial lining; TX= surgical excision and bone curettage (lesion may move/resorb teeth); HIGH RECURRENCE RATE |
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Term
|
Definition
| asymtomatic; uni/multilocular radiolucency on lateral aspect of tooth root; most common on mand. cuspid or premolar areas; TX= surgical excision |
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Term
|
Definition
| NOT IN BONE; same as lateral periodontal cyst, but in soft tissue of same area; derived from cells of dental lamina |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA: incisive canal cyst; well defined, heart shaped radiolecency in midline of maxilla; TX= surgical excision |
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Term
|
Definition
| well defined radiolucency in midine of hard palate; more posterior form of nasopalatine canal cyst; can look like palatine torus, clinically |
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Term
|
Definition
| well defined pear shaped radiolucency found between roots of max. cuspid and lateral incisor (#6&7 or #10 & 11); suspected cause: epithelial cells caught between closing globular process and max. processes |
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Term
|
Definition
| raised nodule on face/neck; occasionally found on oral mucosa; keratin filled; thought to originate from hair follicle; firm like cartilage |
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Term
|
Definition
| developmental soft tissue cyst often present at birth; uncommon in oral cavity, but may be found on anterior floor of mouth; dermal layer |
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Term
|
Definition
| soft tissue cyst originating from nasolacrimal duct; in nasolabial fold; TX- surgical excision |
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Term
|
Definition
| forms where thyroid gland develops; foramen cecum to neck; pt. may have difficulty swallowing or moving tongue; TX= surgical excision of entire cyst and tract |
|
|
Term
| Static Bone cyst (Stafne bone cyst) |
|
Definition
| PSEUDOCYST; well defined radiolucency; posterior mandible, below canal; caused by lingual depression in bone; may contain extensions of sublingual salivary glands; no TX necessary |
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Term
|
Definition
| PSEUDOCYST; blood-filled spaces, surrounded by giant cells & fibrous CT (similar to giant cell granuloma); multilocular radiolucency, soap bubble or honeycomb appearance; may cause expansion of bone; TX= surgical excision; excessive bleeding possible |
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Term
|
Definition
| incomplete/defective formation of enamel; causes: febrile illness, vitamin deficiency, local infection, fluoride, congenital syphilis, injury; FLUOROSIS |
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Term
|
Definition
| one or several teeth show marked reduction in radiopacity; "ghost teeth"; very thin enamel & dentin w/large pulp chambers; cause unknown; TX= extraction of affected teeth; more common in primary teeth |
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|
Term
| Ankylosed/submerged teeth |
|
Definition
| deciduous tooth where cementum fuses to bone, preventing loss of primary tooth & eruption of permanent; radiograph reveals no PDL space; cause unknown; TX= extraction of primary to allow eruption of permanent |
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Term
|
Definition
| unit of heredity transmitted from one generation to another; found on chromosomes |
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Term
|
Definition
| long chains of molecules found in cell nucleus; contain DNA; each cell has 46 chromosomes: 44 autosomes & 2 sex chromosomes |
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Term
|
Definition
| genes located in the same level in the 2 chromosomes of a pair; determine same function/characteristic; ex: eye color |
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Term
|
Definition
| 2 different genes at same allele level (dominant gene wins) |
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Term
|
Definition
| identical genes at the allele level |
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Term
|
Definition
| shows clinically when carried by only one of a pair of homologous chromosomes (alleles) |
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Term
|
Definition
| shows clinically only if it has a "double dose" or is homozygous for the trait |
|
|
Term
| Trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome) |
|
Definition
| 3 chromosomes on pair #21; results from nondisjunctioning (chromosomes don't separate during meiosis); slanted eyes, short stature, (30%) heart abnormalities; near normal intelligence to severe retardation; ORAL MANIFESTATIONS: fissured tongue, premature loss of teeth, hypodontia 90% exhibit perio disease; MOST COMMON MAJOR CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITY; 1 in 5,000; no increased risk of caries |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| much more rare then Down's syndrome; female phenotype; 44 autosomes & only 1 X chromosome; looks female; short stature, webbing of neck, edema of hands & feet, aorta abnormalities; underdeveloped ovaries and external genitalia, no menses, no reproduction |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| ovum w/2 X chromosomes, fertilized by sperm w/ Y chromosome; 47 chromosomes; male phenotype w/ wide hips, female pubic hair pattern & GYNECOMASTIA; hypoplastic maxilla is characteristic of this condition |
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Term
|
Definition
| autosomal dominant inheritance pattern; characterized by decrease in circulating neutrophils; fever malaise, increased risk of infection; ORAL MANIFESTATIONS: severe ginigvitis, oral ulcers, secondary infection, perio disease, candidiasis; TX= granulocyte colony stimulating factor to stimulate production of PMNs |
|
|
Term
| Papillon-Lafevre Syndrome |
|
Definition
| very rare; correct # of chromosomes; autosomal recessive inheritance pattern (both parents must have on coordinating alleles); severe destruction of perio tissue leading to premature loss of teeth (even w/ regular cleaning); hyperkeratosis of palms of hands & feet; possible tx: blade implant for implanted teeth |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| autosomal dominant inheritance pattern; progressive bilateral swelling ages 1-4 years; may affect either mand. or max., mand. most common; multilocular, soap bubble radiolucencies of affected jaw;biopsy resembles giant cell granuloma; delayed eruption of teeth common; stabilizes @ 20-30 years, facial deformity remains; not usually painful; TX- surgical recontour of jaw, once condition stabilizes |
|
|
Term
| Gardner Syndrome (Familial Colorectal Polypitis) |
|
Definition
| autosomal dominant inheritance pattern; characterized by intestinal polyps which become malignant after age 30; associated with osteomas on frontal bone, mandible and maxilla |
|
|
Term
| Von Recklinghausen Disease |
|
Definition
| cafe' au late spots may be present initially; characterized by multiple neurofibromas on face (especially eyelids); lesions can occur in oral cavity, most often on lateral borders of tongue; mental impairment, skeletal abnormalities & malignant transformation also possible |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| four types of conditions affecting the enamel of teeth w/ no systemic affects: I. hypoplastic type- characterized by tooth enamel that does not develop to normal thickness II. hypocalcified type- normal thickness of enamel, poorly clacified III. hypomaturation type- normal thickness, but soft & mottled IV. hypoplastic-hypomaturation type- snow capped amelogenesis imperfecta |
|
|
Term
| Dentinogenesis Imperfecta |
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Definition
| three types; TYPE II= hereditary w/ opalescent dentin; very soft dentin, chipping of enamel, severe attrition, short & thin roots; teeth may be opalescent or brownish/grayish/dark color; Radiographic Key: obliterated pulp chambers; premature loss of teeth; DEFECT OF ODONTOBLASTS; stain is intrinsic |
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| tumor caused by carcinogenic chemical; malignant tumor of epithelial tissue (lining and gland tissue) |
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| malignant tumor of the CT (not epithelium) |
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| clinical term for white plaque-like growth; most dangerous areas= floor of mouth and posterior lateral borders of tongue; cause unknown; doesn't wipe off; most time just hyperkeratosis; 10% premalignant or malignant |
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| red oral lesion of unknown cause; more serious/dangerous that leukoplakia |
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| premalignant condition (disordered growth); abnormal cells, enlarged nuclei disorganized layers (leukoplakia); caused by chronic friction; remove cause and it resolves |
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| severe epithelial dysplasia involving the full layer of epithelium; cancer cells haven't crossed basement membrane to CT so can't get to blood vessels for metastasis |
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| Characteristics of Benign Tumors |
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| *localized and enclosed (encapsulated) *generally slower growing *few mitotic figures * well differentiated (resemble normal tissue) |
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| Characteristics of Malignant Tumors |
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Definition
| *spread and invade (metastasis) *generally fast growing *increased mitosis (increased mitotic figures) * well to poorly differentiated |
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