Term
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Definition
| Process in which oxygen is gained and carbon dioxide in lost from the body. Regulated by its own physiological monitor |
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Definition
| Subjective sense of shortness of breath. Air hunger; difficulty breathing |
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Definition
| Greater than normal minute ventilation just meeting metabolic demands |
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Definition
| Ventilation that exceeds metabolic demands and depletion of arterial carbon dioxide |
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Definition
| Ventilation that does not meet metabolic demands |
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Definition
| An increase in blood carbon dioxide |
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Definition
| A decrease in blood oxygen |
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Definition
| Inability to breath except in the upright position |
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Definition
| the clinical state of hyperactivity of the tracheobronchial tree (recurrent paroxysms of dyspnea and wheexing) Bronchospasm, bronchial wall edema, hypersecretion of mucous glands |
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Definition
| Refers to any type of recurrent convulsion (chronic brain disorder of various etiologies) that is produced by paroxysmal excessive neuronal discharges |
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Term
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Definition
| A paroxysmal (sudden, violent attack) disorder of the cerebral function characterized by an attack involving changes int eh state of consciousness, motor activity, or sensory phenomena. It is sudden in onset and usually of brief duration. |
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Term
| Hyperventilation Predisposing Factors |
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Definition
Acute Anxiety; Adults 15-40 who hide fear
Rarely- children and patients over 40 (will voice stress and concerns) |
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Term
| Hyperventilation Clinical Manifestations |
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Definition
| Elevated BP (systolic); Elevated pulse and respiration. Deeper, shallow breaths; dizziness, tetany, palpiation, tachycardia, precordial pain, GI globus hystericus; tense and anxious |
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Term
| Asthma Predisposing Factors- Extrinsic Asthma |
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Definition
Allergic Asthma. Less frequent attacks during late and middle adolescence.
1. Inhalation of allergens
2. Food/Drug allergies
3. Psychological and physiological stress |
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| Asthma Predisposing Factors- Intrinsic |
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Definition
50% of asthmatics. Adults over 35, non-allergic; idiopathic, infective; more severe than extrinsic, poor prognosis and usually chronic.
1. Infection
2. Irritating inhalants
3. Cigarette smoke
4. Cold Air
5. Exercise
6. Emotional Upset |
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Term
| Clinical Manifestations of Asthma |
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Definition
| Mild Episode: thickness in chest, coughing spell, wheezing, dyspnea, increased anxiety, BP normal or elevated, high pulse (130/min indicated hypoxemia) |
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Term
| Asthma Clinical Manifestations- Severe Episode |
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Definition
| Intense dyspnea and orthopnea, cyanosis, perspirations, flushed, use of accessory organs, soft tissue retraction, fatigue, mental confusion |
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Term
| Predisposing Factor of Seizures |
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Definition
Genetically determined
Presences of a localized brain lesion
Metabolic or toxic disturbance
State of cerebrovascular insufficiency (hypoxia, hypoglycemia)
Acute triggers like sleep, menstrual cycles, fatigue, flickering lights, physical or psychological stress |
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Term
| Clinical Manifestations- Seizures |
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Definition
Blank stare
Crying
Loss of consciousness
Subtle changes or obvious reactivity
- Appearance of an aura
- Unconsciousness
- Increased Bp and pulse
- Hypersecretion
- Apnea
- Confusion or agitation
- Confused for up to 30 mins afterward |
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Term
| Signs of Respiratory Difficulty |
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Definition
1. Sighing
2. Respiration Distress
3. Apparent shortness of breath
4. Rapid breathing
5. Characteristic sounds of respiration disorders: wheezing (asthma)or cough and moist respiration (heart failure) |
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Term
| 1st Stage of a Grand Mal Seizure |
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Definition
1. Prodromal: duration of several minutes to several hours; exhibits subtle or obvious changes in emotional reactivity
3. Immediate onset of the seizure that is marked by an aura |
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Term
| Stage 2 of a Grand Mal Seizure |
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Definition
Pre-Ictal/Ictal:
-series of generalized bilateral, major myoclonic (rapid) jerks lasting several seconds
-autonomic changes occur: elevated bladder pressure, glandular hypersecretion and apnea (cessation of breathing)
- Tonic Component: series of sustained generalized skeletal muscle contractions that progress to a tonic extensors rigidity of the extremities and trunk
- Dyspnea and cyanosis
- Clonic: involves generalized clonic movments of the body with heavy stertorous breathing- manifested by alternating muscular relaxation and violent flexor contractions
Frothing of mouth and blood in oral cavity |
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Term
| Stage 3 of a Grand Mal Seizure |
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Definition
| Post Ictal: Cessation of tonic-clonic movement, return of normal respiration; consciousness returns gradually, patient sleeps. |
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Term
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Definition
| may be seen, may have acute episodes when under stress or while exercising or have required hospitalization or emergency care to terminate an episode. |
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Term
| ASA III Epileptic Patient |
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Definition
| MUST have a medical consult prior to treatment |
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