Term
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Definition
| action or conduct based on moral or legal obligation |
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Term
| Characteristics of a true profession |
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Definition
| Specialized body of knowledge of value to society, Intensive academic course of study, Standards of practice, External recognition by society, Code of Ethics, Organized association,Service orientation |
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Term
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Definition
| defined as a preventative oral healthcare professional |
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Term
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Definition
| educational, clinical, and therapeutic services supporting the total health of the patient through the promotion of optimal oral health. |
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Term
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Definition
| the quality of performing with the skill, knowledge and abilities of a professional person; the possession of specialized knowledge and skill in a field of human endeavor. |
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Term
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Definition
| dentistry is a commodity, buying and selling of services. The dental needs of the patient are not as important as what the patient is willing to pay for or what gives the dentist the greatest return on time, effort, and materials. All dentists are in competition and no obligation exists between the dentist, the patient, other dentists, or the community. |
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Term
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Definition
| dentistry as an all-knowing profession, members of the group control knowledge, skill, and competency. The patient has dental needs and the dentist, as a member of the profession, provides care to meet the needs of the patient, who is uninformed and passive in the process. Paternalistic undertaking in which the obligation to provide care comes from the dentists membership in his or her chosen profession. |
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Term
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Definition
| patient and dentists are equal and have roles of equal moral status in the process of dental care delivery. The obligation for care in this relationship holds both parties as equals because neither can achieve these values without the other. This obligation derives from the larger community sanction that is granted upon graduation and licensure and that is voluntarily accepted upon entrance into the profession. |
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Term
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Definition
| having the knowledge, skill, and ability to perform a prescribed set of tasks or duties independently and with confidence. |
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Term
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Definition
| a nongovernmental process for ensuring that a predetermined set of standards has been met; used to assure the public that the graduates of a particular program are prepared to practice |
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Term
| Professional traits of the dental hygienist |
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Definition
• Honesty and integrity
• Caring and compassion
• Reliability and responsibility
• Maturity and self-analysis
• Loyalty
• Interpersonal communication
• Respect for others
• Respect for self |
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Term
| Factors that influence legislative change |
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Definition
• Need and demand for dental care
• Distribution of dental health care providers
• Federal health legislation
• Goals of organized dental and dental hygiene associations advocacy groups |
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Term
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Definition
| a systematic examination of morals involving critical reflection and analysis about what is right and wrong. |
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Term
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Definition
| that which is right and good; the quality of an action with regard to right and wrong. |
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Term
| Piaget’s Four-Stage Model |
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Definition
1.Amoral stage (0-2 years)
2.Egocentric Stage (2-7 years); bends rules and reacts to environment instinctively
3.Heteronomous Stage (7-12 years); accepts the moral authority of others
4.Autonomous Stage (12 and older); a morality of self based on cooperation; rules tested and become internalized. |
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Term
| Kholberg’s Three-Level Model |
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Definition
1.Preconventional reasoning, in which externally established rules determine right and wrong. Stage 1- punishment and obedience orientation. Stage 2- instrumental relativist orientation
2.Conventional reasoning, in which expectations of family and groups are maintained and where loyalty and conformity are considered important. Stage 3- interpersonal concordance orientation. Stage 4- law and order orientation.
3.Postconventional or principled, in which the person autonomously examines and defines moral values with decisions of conscience dictating the right action. Stage 5- social contract legalistic orientation. Stage 6- universal ethical principle orientation. |
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Term
| Gilligan’s Model of Moral Development |
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Definition
1.Orientation to individual survival and being moral is surviving by being submissive to society.
2.Goodness as self-sacrifice, in which being moral is first not hurting others with no thought of hurt to self.
3.Morality of nonviolence; avoiding hurt becomes the moral guide governing all moral reasoning |
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Term
| Cognitive Development Theory |
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Definition
| the basic tenet of cognitive development theory is that people operate on their experiences to make sense of them, and those experiences, as we make sense of them, in turn change the basic conceptual structures by which people construct meanings. |
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Term
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Definition
| collectively, the qualities that define a person or group of persons; a person’s moral nature. |
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Term
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Definition
| the formulation of a morally ideal course of action; the process of judging what one ought to do in a specific situation. |
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Term
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Definition
| the inquiry into the nature of morality or moral acts; values by which human beings live in relation to other human beings, nature, a higher power, and/or themselves. |
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Term
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Definition
| the theory that the rightness or wrongness of action is determined by consequences; also called teleology |
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Term
| Utilitarianism/Deontology |
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Definition
| the theory that an action is right when it conforms to a rule of conduct or judgment providing the greatest balance of good or evil. |
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Term
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Definition
| state that some actions are required by the rightness or wrongness of the action, regardless of the consequences of the action. |
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Term
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Definition
| a theory that focuses on the character traits of an individual rather than on the individual’s specific behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| a situation when one or more ethical principles are in conflict. |
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Term
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Definition
| the principle that states the duty to avoid harming the patient, summarized in the phrase “do no harm”. One ought not to inflict harm, one ought to |
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Term
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Definition
| the principle of promoting good or well-being. |
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Term
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Definition
| self-determination and the ability to be self-governing and self-directing. The deontologist holds that the health care provider has a duty to allow patient to make decisions about actions that will affect their bodies. |
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Term
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Definition
| providing individuals or groups with what is owed, due, or deserved. Distributive justice is concerned with the allocation of resources in large social systems. |
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Term
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Definition
| the health care professional acts as a parent and makes decisions for the patient on the basis of what the professional believes is in the best interest of the patient. |
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Term
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Definition
| being honest and telling the truth. Benevolent deception is the name given to the practice of withholding information from a patient because the clinician’s belief that the information may harm the individual. |
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Term
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Definition
| the act of providing information to and ensuring the understanding of a patient regarding treatment risks, treatment options, and the nature of the disease or problem. Two pronged |
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Term
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Definition
| that which is entrusted or held in secret; the precept by which information shared by a patient during the course of receiving health care is kept in confidence by the health care provider. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Always do the act that is in accord with the stronger prima facie duty. Always do the act that has the greatest of prima facie rightness over prima facie wrongness. |
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Term
Code of Ethics of the ADHA;
Five Fundamental Principles |
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Definition
• Universality
• Complementarity
• Ethics
• Community
• Responsibility |
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Term
Code of Ethics of the ADHA;
Seven Core Values |
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Definition
• Autonomy
• Confidentiality
• Trust
• Nonmaleficence
• Beneficence
• Justice
• Veracity |
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Term
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Definition
| a guideline for members of a professional group used for self-regulation of the group. |
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Term
| Professional Code of Ethics |
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Definition
| binds the members of a group together by expressing their goals and aspirations, as well as define expected standards of behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| moral responsibilities conflict with personal inclinations |
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Term
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Definition
| question as to whether a moral obligation exists |
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Term
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Definition
| obligations and responsibilities are in conflict |
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Term
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Definition
| frustration from perceived powerlessness when what is happening appears to be wrong and are unable to act ethically. |
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Term
| Six-step decision making model |
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Definition
1. Identify the ethical dilemma or problem
2. Collect information
3. State the options
4. Apply the ethical principles to the options
5. Make the decision
6. Implement the decision |
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Term
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Definition
| concerned with allocation of resources in large social systems |
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Term
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Definition
| all beings are free, worthy of respect and are their own moral agent |
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Term
| When was the ADHA oath adopted |
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Definition
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Term
| What are "True Professions?" |
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Definition
| Law, ministry, dentistry, medicine |
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Term
| When was the first scope of practice first established? |
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Definition
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Term
| Some acts are right because? |
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Definition
| they have direct realtion to some overriding duty |
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Term
| Autonomy was founded where? |
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Definition
| Deontology and is based on respecy for persons |
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Term
| Utilitarianism or Deontology |
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Definition
| theory that action is right when it conforms to a rule or conduct or judgment providing greatest balance of good or evil |
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Term
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Definition
| withholding information from the patient because the clinician's belief it will harm them |
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Term
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Definition
| Consequentialism-consequences are considered first |
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