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Dental Hygiene theory Chp 12
The Gingiva
40
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Undergraduate 3
11/17/2009

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Term
Clinical Crown
Definition
The part of the tooth above the gum line.
Term
Clinical Root
Definition
Part of the tooth below the base of the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket.
Term
Anatomic Crown
Definition
The part of the tooth covered by enamel.
Term
Anatomic root
Definition
The part of the tooth covered in cementum
Term
Oral mucosa is composed of what tissue?
Definition
connective tissue covered with stratified squamous epithelium.
Term
3 types of mucosa
Definition

Masticatory

Lining

Specialized

Term

Where does masticatory mucosa cover?

attached or not attached to underlying tissue? any exceptions to this?

Keritinized or non?

Definition

1. Covers the gingiva and hard palate.

2. Attached for the exception of the free margin of the gingiva.

3. Epithelial portion is keratinized.

Term

Lining Mucosa

Covers where?

Attached or Unattached?

Keratin or not?

Definition

1. inner surfaces of lips and cheeks. Floor of the mouth and under tongue

2. Not firmly attached to underlying tissue

3. Non keratinized

Term

Specialized Mucosa

Covers where?

What are the distribution of papilla?

Definition

1. Dorsum upper surface of the tongue.

2. Filiform - Tip

Fungiform - middle

Circumvallate - V shape in back of tongue

Foliate - Lateral border of tongue.

Term

Filiform

 

Definition
threadlike keratinized elevations
Term
Fungiform
Definition
Mushroom shaped papillae. Appear more red
Term

circumvallate

how many?

Definition
10 - 14 large round in V shape
Term
Foliate
Definition
vertical grooves on the sides of the tongue that contain tastebuds
Term

peridontium

what is it?

what does it contain?

Definition

functional unit of tissue that supports and surrounds the tooth.

gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, bone

 

Term

Periodontal Ligament

what is it?

Located?

composed of?

fibers that are inserted from cementum to alveolar bone are called what?

Definition

1. fibrous connective tissue that surrounds and attaches roots of teeth to bone.

2. Located in the periodontal space between cementum and the alveolar bone.

3. connective tissue cells and intracellular substance

4. Sharpeys fibers

Term

gingival fiber groups consist of what?

(5)

damn annoying cats dont try.

Definition
Dentogingival fibers, Alveologingival fibers, circumferential fibers, dentoperiosteal fibers, Transseptal fibers
Term

Principal Fiber Groups

(5)

An opportunity has an instant

Made of Collagen fibers!

Definition

Apical fibers

Oblique fibers

Horizontal fibers

Alveolar crest fibers

Interradicular fibers

Term

Dentogingival Fibers

 

Definition
From the cementum in the cervical region into the free gingiva to give support to the gingiva
Term
Alveologingival fibers
Definition
From the alveolar crest into the free and attached gingiva to provide support
Term
circumferential fibers
Definition
Continuous around the neck of the tooth to help maintain the tooth position.
Term
Dentoperiosteal fibers
Definition
From the cervical cementum over the alveolar crest to blend with the fibers of the periosteum of the bone.
Term
Transseptal fibers
Definition
from the cervical area of one tooth across to an adjacent tooth to provide resistance to seperation of the teeth
Term
Apical fibers
Definition
from the root apex to adjacent surrounding bone to resist vertical forces
Term
Oblique fibers
Definition
from the root above the apical fibers obliquely toward the occlusal to resist strong forces.
Term
Horizontal fibers
Definition
from the cementum of the middle of each root to adjacent alveolar bone to resist tipping of the tooth.
Term
Alveolar crest fibers
Definition
From the alveolar crest to the cementum  just below the CEJ
Term
Interradicular fibers
Definition
from the cementum between the roots of multirooted teeth to the adjacent bone.
Term

cementum

what is it?

Function?

characteristics?

Definition

1. thin layer of calcified connective tissue that covers the tooth from CEJ to and around the apical foramen

2. Seal the tubules of the root dentin and provide attachment for periodontal fiber group

3. thickness 50-200 micrometers (apex) 30-60 (cervical area)

vascular and nerve connections are missing. cementum is insensitive.

Term

Alveolar Bone

what does it consist of?

what happens when teeth are lost?

what is its function?

Definition

1. lamina dura (surrounds tooth socket and bone)

2. alveolar bone is resorbed

3. functions to support teeth and provide attachment for the periodontal ligament fibers.

 

Term
what does the gingiva consist of?
Definition
free gingiva, attached gingiva and interdental gingiva
Term
Free gingival grove
Definition

demarcates the free from the attached gingiva.

parrallel with gingival margin.

Term

oral epithelium

 

Definition

covers the free gingival groove over the gingival margin.

composed of keratin

Term
gingival margin
Definition

edge nearest the incisal or occlusal surface.

marks the opening of the gingival sulcus.

Term

gingival sulcus

location?

boundries?

sulcular epithelium?

depth of sulcus?

gingival sulcus fluid?

Definition

1. crevice or groove between the free gingiva and tooth.

2. tooth, pocket depth , sulcular epithelium

3. as shallow as .5mm to avg of 1.8 mm

4. serum fluid that seeps through connective tissue transport chemicals.

Term

Junctional Epithelium

description?

size?

Position

Definition

stratified squamous epithelium. continuous with sulcular epithelium and circles the tooth.

2. 15-20 cells in thickness to 1-2 cells @ apices

3. erruption - attached to enamel/ during eruption migrates toward CEJ / full eruption - attachment on cementum becomes fully attached / attachment migration - along root surface caused by infection

Term

Interdental Papilla

where located?

what else called?

List different types.

Definition

interproximal space

embrasure

type 1. fills the area

type 2. slight to moderate recession

type 3. extensive recession or complete loss

Term

interdental papilla

shape?

what is it betweeen anterior vs posterior?

Definition

spacing between the teeth = flat or saddle shaped. no spacing = pyramidal

anterior teeth = pyramidal Posterior = flat

Term

Attached gingiva

where is it attached to?

location?

Definition

firmly bound to cementum and bone

continuous bound to oral epithelium - Keratinized

 

Term

Mucogingival junction

appearance?

 

Definition
line that marks the connection between the attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa. Anterior is scalloped. Posterior line is fairly straight
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