Term
| what cortical regions are involved in early to late Alzheimer's? |
|
Definition
| entorrhinal cortex, hippocampus -> superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal cortex -> prefrontal cortex -> calcarine cortex |
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Term
| what neurotransmitter pathways are degenerated in AD? |
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Definition
| nucleus basalis (Ach), locus coeruleus (CA), substantia nigra (DA), dorsal raphe nucleus (5-HT) |
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Term
| visual hallucinations, extrapyramidal features, unresponsive to levodopa; dx? |
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Definition
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Term
| histological finding on DLB |
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Definition
| alpha-synuclein+ Lewy bodies particularly in the substantia nigra (and atrophy of hippocampus) |
|
|
Term
| what 2 dementias are NOT tauopathies? |
|
Definition
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Term
| forgetfulness, apathy, mild hypomimia, bradykinetic, blunted affect, slow and monotonous speech; dx? |
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Definition
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Term
| what chromosomes can be involved in familial FTD? |
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Definition
| chrom 17 (tau), 3, 9, and 1 (TDP-43) |
|
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Term
| gross findings of Pick's disease |
|
Definition
| asymmetric frontotemporal atrophy with sparing of posterior superior temporal gyrus |
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|
Term
1. 3 tauopathies with dementia only
2. 2 tauopathies with dementia and Parkinsonism |
|
Definition
1. AD, FTD, traumatic encephalopathy
2. progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration |
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Term
| severity of AD correlates best with ... |
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Definition
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Term
| major risk factors for AD |
|
Definition
| age, family hx, apoE4 allele |
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Term
| histological findings in AD |
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Definition
| neurofibrillary tangles, neuropil threads, senile plaques (neuritic and diffuse) |
|
|
Term
1. what are neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads composed of? 2. what are senile plaques composed of?
3. Lewy bodies? |
|
Definition
1. tau
2. beta-amyloid core +/- neurites
3. alpha-synuclein |
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|
Term
| 3 mutations and their chromosomes that can cause autosomal dominant AD |
|
Definition
| APP (chrom 21), presenilin-1 (chrom 14), presenilin-2 (chrom 1) |
|
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Term
| what processing of APP is required to generate beta-amyloid? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what AD drug is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what disease is a continuum of ALS? |
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Definition
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