Fallacies

a deceptive, misleading, 

or false notion, belief

Slippery Slope

A dangerous and irreversible course

Appeal

An earnest request for aid, support, sympathy, mercy, etc.

Parallelism

Bias

Argument

of

Fact

Opossing an unknown peice of evidence

Sentimental

Appeals

Using emotions to stray from the facts

Hasty

generalizations

Generalization that is reached by consulting an insufficient sample of a phenomenon.

Post hoc

 The fallacy of assuming that temporal succession is evidence of causal relation

Claim

To assert or

mantain as a fact

Concession

The thing or

point yielded

Faulty

analogy

An elaborate comparison of two things that are too dissimilar.

Pathos

When a writer appeals to readers’ emotions to excite

and involve them in the argument. 

Inductive logic

Deductive logic

Empirical

Evidence

Source of knoledge aquired by observation or experimentation

Logical Evidence

Evidence that

is clear, logc (?)

Anecdotal

Evidence

Dobious support

for a claim

Ad Hominem

Argument made directly against an oponent rather than against their argument

Culture

Logical Fallacies

A fallacy in

logical argumentation

Credible 

Capable of being believed; believable

Grounds

The foundation or basis on which a belief or action rests

Refutation

A statement, Charge

Persuasion

A form of argumentation, one of the four modes of discourse; language intended to 

convince through appeals to reason or emotion. 

Bandwagon

A party that by its mass appeal or strength readily attracts many followers

Rhetoric

Propaganda

Information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to help or harm a person, group, institution, nation, etc.

Proposal

Either/ or fallacy

When a speaker makes a claim that presents an artificial range of choices

Antithesis

Opposition ; contrast

Litotes

Eubuttal

Equivocation

A fallacy caused by the double meaning of a word

Ethos

When a writer tries to persuade the audience to respect and believe him or her  

  based on a presentation of image of self through the text. Reputation is sometimes a  

  factor in ethical appeal, but in all cases the aim is to gain the audience’s confidence

Media

The means of communication, as radio and television, newspapers,and magazines, that reach or influence people widely

Euphemism

A more acceptable and usually more pleasant way of saying something that might be  

  inappropriate or uncomfortable. “He went to his final reward” is a common euphemism  

  for “he died.”  Euphemisms are also often used to obscure the reality of a situation. The  

  military uses “collateral damage” to indicate civilian deaths in a military operation. 

Irony

The use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning

Paradox

A statement that seems to contradict itself but that turns out to have a rational meaning, as 

in this quotation from Henry David Thoreau; “I never found the companion that was so 

companionable as solitude.” 

Anaphora