Term
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Definition
| Substances in the solution that are being dissolved |
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Term
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Definition
| What is doing the dissolving |
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Term
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Definition
parts per million (10^6)
~1 g of solute for every 10^6 grams of solution |
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Definition
parts per billion (1ppm/1000)
~1 gram of solute for every 1 billion grams of solution |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Volume to moles of solute |
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Definition
| multiply by molarity of stock solution (M1) |
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Term
| Moles of solute in diluted solution to molarity of diluted solution |
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Definition
| divide by total volume of diluted solution |
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Term
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Definition
| dissociates into ions when it dissolved, enhancing conductivity of solution |
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Term
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Definition
| Dissociates completely into ions when dissolved in water |
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Term
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Definition
| Only partly dissociates in water |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Forms a salt and water
~the salt is made up of the cation of the acid and the anion of the base |
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Term
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Definition
| Balanced equation that describes a reaction in solution in which the reactants are written as undissociated molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| balanced equation that shows all the species both ionic and molecular present in a rxn occuring in an aqueous solution |
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Term
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Definition
a balanced equation that describes the actual reaction taking place in aqueous solution
~eliminate spectator from overall ionic equation to get this |
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Term
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Definition
| Dissociate completely in water |
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Term
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Definition
| Do not dissociate completely in water |
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Term
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Definition
| dissociates completely into an aq solution |
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Term
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Definition
| partially dissociates into an aq solution |
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Term
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Definition
| A method to determine the concentration of a solute in a sample by reacting it with a standard solution of known concentration |
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Term
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Definition
| The solution of known concentration |
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Term
| How to find concentration of unknown solution |
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Definition
1)use volume and molarity of standard solution to get moles standard solution
2)use stoichiometry to get moles of unknown
3) divide by L used to get mol/l (Molarity)[concentration] |
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Term
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Definition
| Two solutions containing ions are mixed and a solid forms |
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Term
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Definition
Group 1 and NH4+ are soluble
anions: NO3- and acetate are soluble |
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Term
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Definition
1)Group 17 halides are soluble
2)Ag+, Cu+, Hg2(2+), and PB(2+) are NOT soluble
3)SO4(2-) is soluble
4)BaSO4, CaSO4, Hg2SO4, PbSO4, and SrSO4 are NOT soluble |
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Term
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Definition
1)Hydroxides are not soluble (except group 1 cations, Ca, Sr, and Ba)
2)sulfides are not soluble (except group 1 cations, NH4+, Ca, Sr, and Ba)
3)carbonates are not soluble( (except group 1 and ammonium)
4)phosphates are not soluble (except group 1 and ammonium) |
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Term
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Definition
| Precipitates form when the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved is exceeded |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1)Oxidation numbers in the neutral molecule will sum to 0.
2)pure elements have an oxidation # of 0
3)in monoatomic ions the oxidation number is the charge on the ion
4)in compounds containing fluorine the OS will always be -1
5)In most compounds the oxidation # of hydrogen is +1 and oxygen is -2 (except in metal hydrides[-1 for hydrogen] and peroxide ions[-1 for oxygens])
6) unless combined with oxygen or fluorine, chlorine and bromine have an O# of -1 |
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Term
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Definition
1)Oxidation numbers in the neutral molecule will sum to 0.
2)pure elements have an oxidation # of 0
3)in monoatomic ions the oxidation number is the charge on the ion
4)in compounds containing fluorine the OS will always be -1
5)In most compounds the oxidation # of hydrogen is +1 and oxygen is -2 (except in metal hydrides[-1 for hydrogen] and peroxide ions[-1 for oxygens])
6) unless combined with oxygen or fluorine, chlorine and bromine have an O# of -1 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Balancing Redox Reaction using half reactions |
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Definition
1)write an equation for the oxidation half-reaction and a seperate equation for the reduction half-reaction
2)balance mass
3)balance charge
4)multiply each half rxn by the appropriate whole number
5)add two half reactions
6)take out spectator ions |
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