Term
| Describe the American Funeral |
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Definition
| Unlike many other societies, funerals in the United States are often times not handled by those who were related to the deceased, but rather to a funeral director or mortition. In addition funerals in the United States are more focused on the survivors (the living) rather than the deceased. |
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Term
| How are funerals akin to other major social traditions? |
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Definition
| Funerals are similar to Rites of Passage in that they both have communiy acknowledgement. |
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Term
| What did David Sudnow's study on death notification reveal? |
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Definition
| Sudnow found that the news of death travels in a consistent pattern of Immediate family/those closest to the deceased, relatives, friends, and then finally acquaintances and community. |
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Term
| Describe the purpose of Last Rites |
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Definition
| To share the burden of grief; to acknowledge the loss; to respect the deceased's final wishes |
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Term
| In which country is cremation the most common method of body disposal? |
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Definition
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Term
| Compare and Contrast "memorial service" with a traditional funeral. |
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Definition
1.Memorial services usually are not held during a time when feelings about the loss are most intense
2. Family memebers do not participate fully as they would in making funeral arrangements and going through the funeral process.
3. the body would not be present at the memorial service |
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Term
| What factors influence spousal bereavment? |
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Definition
Role Adjustment
Diminished social life
Lack of concern for self-health
Depression |
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Term
| Describe the elderly as am age group |
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Definition
Three types of elderly people:
1. The Young Old (ages 60-75)
2. The Middle Old (ages 75-85)
3. The Old Old (ages 85+) |
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Term
| Describe parental bereavement in couples |
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Definition
| There is general chaos; a sense of being robbed of a past and a future. Parents often expect their spouse to support them; energy for support is lost by bother parents from mutual loss. Can potentially strengthen a marriage or decimate it. |
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Term
| Stillbirth is referred to as what part of pregnancy? |
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Definition
| Refers to fetal death ocurring between the 20th week of pregnancy and the time of birth, resulting in the delivery of a dead child. |
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Term
| When does the parent's attachment to a child begin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the effects that a miscarriage may have on a parent |
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Definition
Evokes pain and causes confusion.
Grief that can become dormant and surface during significant life events such as: the birth of a healthy child, menopause, and reaching the ages of 45 and 65. |
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Term
| Why have casaes of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) been subjected to criminal investigation? |
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Definition
| Because of the uncertainty of death, parents are often called into question; generalized concerns for the possibility of child abuse allows law enforcement (delicately) to question whether the parents are at fault. |
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Term
| Describe the statement"death involves casualty" |
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Definition
| There are biological reasons for the ocurrance of death. This component includes a recognition of both internal and external causes of death. |
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Term
| Which theorist is associated with the developmental model that emphasizes changes in attitudes toward death during different psychosocial stages? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe Jean Paiget's model of cognitive development |
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Definition
Birth- 2 years: Sensorimotor (focused on senses and motor abilities)
2-7 years: Properation (Development of symbolic thinking and language to understand the world)
7-12 years: Concrete Operational (applies logical thinking to understanding concrete ideas)
12+ years: Reasons logically about abstract ideas and experiences |
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Term
| During which developmental stage are children typically fearful about body mutilation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the characteristics of concrete operational stage? |
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Definition
| Applies logical abilities to understanding concrete ideas; organizes and classies information; manipulates ideas and experiences symbolically; able to think backward and forward; notion of reversibility; can think logically about things experienced |
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Term
| What part of the developmental process involves the aquisition of a mature understanding of death? |
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Definition
| The Concrete Operational stage |
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Term
| What factors influence on the development of children's attitudes toward death? |
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Definition
| Family, school and peers, mass media and children's literature |
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Term
| What is fostered by the hypocratic oath? |
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Definition
| The Hippocratic Oath acknowledges that in some circustances medical treatment is futile; that is, it has no reasonable possibility to "cure" or restore the quality of life for the patient. (The Right to Die) |
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Term
| What is the controversy surrounding the Karen Ann Quinlan case? |
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Definition
| Quilan was left in a coma (or vegitated state) and her parent's requested that her life support be terminated. The New Jersey Supreme court ruled in favor of the parents. (Death with Dignity) |
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Term
| What did the U.S. Supreme Court rule in the Nancy Beth Cruzan case? |
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Definition
| The Supreme Court ruled that the right to refuse treatment, even if life-sustaining, is constitutionally protected. (The Supreme court ruled in favor of her parents) However they also ruled that states are justified in requiring that only the patient herself or himself can make a decision to refuse treatment. (Missouri Supreme court denied the parent's requested, until a few months later when her friends presented "clear and convincing" testimony that Cruzan would not want to be left in that state.) |
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Term
| Which states have voters passed aid-in-dying legislation? |
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Definition
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Term
| The President's Comission states that parents should...what? |
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Definition
| Have the power of decision making in most cases, however medical institutions should pursue the best interests of an infant "when those interests are clear." |
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Term
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Definition
1. The act or an nstance of taking one's own life voluntarily and intentionally, especially by a person of years of discretion and of sound mind.
2. Self-killing deriving fromone's inability or refusal to accept the terms of the human condition.
3. All behavior rgar seeks and finds the solution to an existential problem by making an attempt on the life of the subject.
4. The human act of self-inflicted, self-intentioned cessation. |
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Term
| According to Edwin Shneidman, how in depth is knowledge of the extent to which suicide is pervasive in modern society? |
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Definition
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Term
| The 1989 explosion aboard the U.S.S. Iowa brought increased public attention to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the model of Suicide that focuses on the relationship between individuals and society? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where did the largest mass suicide in modern times occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the psychological model of suicide |
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Definition
Acute: Lasts hours or days rather than weeks or months (though it may reoccur)
Ambrivalent: A person who wants to die and doesn't want too; although plans of executing a suicidal plan is being delevoped, so too are fantasies of rescue.
Dyadic: In some way, this form of suicide includes a suicidal person and a significant other. (Includes two people) |
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Term
| Describe Suicidal behavior |
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Definition
Self-aggression; considered murder in the 180th degree.
Indecisive; suicidal behavior suggests that a suicidal person wishes to both live and die at the same time.
Constantly face two polar opposite forces (to live or to die) whichever force remains strongest will determine the outcome, however, the weaker affects the person's behavior. |
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Term
| What is an individual meaning of Suicide? |
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Definition
Suicide is:
A reunion with a lost loved one
Rest and refuge
Revenge
The Penalty for Failure
A Mistake |
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Term
| What are the intentions of individuals who regurarly threaten or attempt suicide? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is death viewed according to the Romantic view? |
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Definition
| Viewed as "the great inspirer" and "great consoler" |
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Term
| What sort of agreement involves two or more individuals deciding to kill themselves at the same time? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what U.S. city was the most notable early example pf a suicide prevention center established? |
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Definition
| In 1958, the Los Angeles Suicide Preventioned Center was founded by Norman L. Farberow and Edwin S. Shneidman. |
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Term
| Describe the Methods of determining clinical death. |
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Definition
| Determined by the cessation of hearbeat and breathing or the criteria for establishing brain death. (Brain Death: Brain stem functions - including spontaneous breathing - are lostbut heart beat and other vegetative functions continue.) |
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Term
| Describe the Uniform Determination of Death Act |
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Definition
| It addresses the matter of "defining" death at the level of general physiological standards rather than at the level of more abstract concepts or the level of more percise criteria and tests. (Because such standards and criteria over time as knowledge and techniques are refined.) |
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Term
| Describe the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act. |
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Definition
| Allows for the donation of the body or specific body parts upon the death of the donor. |
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Term
| Describe the habits of Japanese physicians regarding giving information to their patients |
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Definition
| Japanese physicians practice "closed door" medicine in which patients were neither neither given information about their health nor permitted to criticize their physicians. |
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Term
| What is the most important legal procedure following a death? |
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Definition
The official registration of death
(Death Certificate) |
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Term
| Name the modes of death recognized by law. |
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Definition
1. Accidental
2. Suicidal
3. Homicial
4. Natural |
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