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Definition
Record of episodes in our lives.
Describes your experiences. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Contains all that we know and makes us who we are. |
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Definition
| Label given to way objects and events are represented in memory. |
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Term
| Levels of processing theory |
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Definition
Craik and Lockhart
Processing proceeds through sequence of levels
'depth of processing'
Type 1 - phone no's
Type 2 - processing through further levels
More processing - better remembering
Greater depth of processing, more likely to be remembered. |
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Term
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Definition
benefits from;
(relational) organising items to emphasis similarities
e.g.seeing cat and thinking of it being chased by dog - relation drawn between each
semantic processing results in elaboration ie employing relational processing |
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Definition
(item-specific) organising itmes by distinctiveness
- focus on items representation
Maintenance rehearsal results in integration ie employs item-specific processing |
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Term
| Dual-process model of recognition |
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Definition
Mandler (1980)
1 process runs fast as result of familiarity-
more fluently item can be processed the more familiar it feels
Other process runs slowly - involved in search and retrieval to determine if items presented before.
Benefits from elaboration. |
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Term
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Definition
Recall derives greater benefit form relational processing
Recognition derives greater benefit form item-specific processing |
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Definition
General knowledge store
e.g. understanding of plants, animals |
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Squire -
'knowing that'
i know that...'
Info is encoded and stored in some explicity accessible place for later use, to be retrieved upon demand |
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Definition
'knowing how' e.g. riding a bike
Knowledge through experience without access to the knowledge taht underlies the performance. |
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Definition
| declarative and procedural knowledge - 2 separate LTM systems |
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Definition
Transfer appropriate processing - Morris et al
related to Craik and Lockharts levels of processing - emphasises relationship between encoding and retrieval so that performance is enhanced by increasing similarity of processing |
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Definition
Tulving
specific retrieval cues facilitate recall if information about them and their relation to target is stored at same time.
Successful retrieval increases between info stored in memory and info employed at retrieval. |
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Term
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Definition
Idea that memory can proceed without awareness
Implicit memory task taxes memory without participants awareness.
Perceptual and conceptual implicit memory tasks |
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Term
| perceptual implicit memory |
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Definition
| word fragment completion,, word stem completion, word identification |
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Term
| conceptual implicit memory |
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Definition
| word association, category isntance generation |
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Term
| Process-dissociation framework |
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Definition
Jacoby
assumes 2 independent processes contribute to memory;
automatic and recollective memory |
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