Placement of a sound on the audible spectrum measured by frequency of vibrations.

The highness or lowness of a tone.

7 Tones; Do Re Mi Fa So La Ti Do

Concert/Middle "A" for all the instruments in an orchestra to tune to for a concert

Sound of a definite pitch; Quality of a tone that distinguishes it from the other tones of the same pitch.

The difference between a piano playing "A" and a violin playing "A".

Created by 'harmonics' and 'overtones'

• Vocal
• Monophonic
• Male voice range
• Intervals of no more than a third or a fourth
• Acapella

Sequence of repeating musical patterns

Verse-Chorus-Verse-Chorus-Bridge/Interlude-Verse-Chorus

A         B         A        B             C               A        B

The speed at which a passage of music is played ranging from slow (Largo) to quick (Prestissimo).

3/4 time: Waltz

4/4 time: Common Time

Large work with full orchestra and no solo with four movements

Four movements: Fast-Slow-Moderate-Fast

A group of loosely related musical movements played in succession in the same key.

Contrasting rhythm and mood.

Design of dance.

The human body is a moving composition of line and form in 3 Dimensional space like in visual art.

Time & space: relies on music (to a degree)

1. Line and Form
2. Repetition
3. Rhythm
4. Dynamics
5. Mise-en-scene
6. Setting
7. Dance Floor
8. Costumes
9. Lighting

the dancer's body creates the lines and forms; 3D and moving

images existing momentarily, transitions

Visual/Theatrical elements that support a dance:

1. Setting
2. Dance Floor
3. Costumes
4. Lighting

1. Narrative: Tells a story
2. Abstract: expresses an aspect of human emotion or condition
3. Divertissement: "Diversion", shorter entertainment between larger productions

Most of what is known is from surviving images and visual representations (murals, paintings, vases).

• Group dances of one gender
• Varied by event
• Mostly religious

• Developed in the United States along with jazz music
• African-Americans incorporated traditional African dances
• After WWI, jazz became widely popular as a social revolution.
• Constantly evolving ever since

• Lyrical
• Broadway
• Hot
• Blues
• Modern
• Cool
• West Coast
• Rock
• Afro-Jazz

• Bob Fosse
• Katherine Dunham
• Gene Kelly

American style from a mix of English clog dancing, Irish step, and Jazz.

Stiff leather soles or metal soles on the bottom of the shoe

• Bill "Bojangles" Robinson
• Fred Astaire
• Gregory Hines
• Savion Glover

Early African-American Tapper; Lighter style of tapping than the early, heavier tappers

Was in "Stormy Weather" which was the first all African-American cast in a musical film

Tap choreographer, dancer, and actor

Received a Tony award for the musical about his life, "Bring in Da’Noise, Bring in Da’Funk"

Happy Feet & Happy Feet 2

Began in the US in the 70s; new dance for new music

Made up of freestyle, beats, and rhythms; developed on the streets

Moves: popping, locking, and breaking

Traditional dances to traditional music; no known developers, but has been passed down through generations

Hula, belly dance, Irish Step, Bollywood, & Native American Dances

Hawaiian folk dance that dramatizes the words in the chant or song

different for genders and ages

Traditionally Irish folk dance, but has evolved into a more competitive style

Can be a soloist or a troupe

Stiff upper body and fast intricate footwork

A mix of Hollywood films and Bombay/Mumbai

Flashy fast movements that have developed into a style of folk dance

Folk dances vary from tribe to tribe, but many dances are performed in a circle; can be performed as a solo or with a troupe.

Fancy, Eagle, & Jingle

Set of partner dances done socially and at competitions

Poise, hold, frame, expression, musicality, technique, and footwork; popularized by shows like Dancing with the Stars and So You Think You Can Dance

Waltz, Viennese Waltz, Tango, Argentine Tango, International standard, and Latin standard