Term
| 3 components of the suspensory system of the udder? |
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Definition
1. connective tissue/skin
2. lateral suspensory ligament
3. medial suspensory ligament |
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Term
| What percent do the front and rear quarter of udder account for? |
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Definition
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Term
| Small grape like structure where milk is synthesized? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cells that squeeze milk out of grapelike structures |
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Definition
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Term
| hormone that stimulates myoepthithelial cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Number of units of blood pass through udder to make one unit of milk |
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Definition
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Term
Three factors that effect lactation?
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Definition
| Hormones, genetics, pregnancy |
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Term
| Nuero-hormonal control of milk let down and how having a good milking protocal will help |
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Definition
| Stimuli tell pituitary gland to releare oxytocin. Oxytocin reaches the myoepithelial cells in 30-40 second, which contract for 8-12 minutes. Timely milking after stimuli(stripping etc) optimizes on this timing |
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Term
| Hormone that stimulates epithelial cells that produce milk |
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Definition
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Term
| Posilac is a recombinat form of what hormone? |
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Definition
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Term
T or F.
Milk yield is more heritable than percent milk components. |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 types of milking parlors |
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Definition
1. herring bone
2. Rotary
3.Side opener
4. Parallel |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Standing to eat/drink
standing to be milked
laying down |
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Term
which compartment of the stomach is larger in a calf at birth?
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Definition
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Term
| average goal for daily gain for growing heifers? |
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Definition
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Term
| What triggers growth of papillai in rumen of calves? |
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Definition
| VFAs produced by break down of grain |
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Term
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Definition
| combo of milk, grain, and some forage |
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Term
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Definition
| Grain mix for calves to stimulate rumen development. |
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Term
| What is free choice water important to calves? |
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Definition
| Rumen needs liquid weight. More water consumed more grain eaten |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| completed within a week graduatly transitioning from milk to grain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Body score when cow calves? |
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Definition
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Term
| cow should loose no more than ____ points of BCS through peak milk? |
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Definition
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Term
| Areas to evaluate body condition? |
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Definition
Pins
Thurl
Short Ribs
Ribs
Tail attachemnt
hooks |
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Term
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Definition
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|
Term
how evaluate heifers on dairy to make sure meetin full growth potential?
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Definition
| Combo of height and weight. short is a sign of lack of protein |
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Term
| What weight can you breed holstein? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What weight can you breed jersey? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Most important trait on dairy score card? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| 3 other traits on diary score card? |
|
Definition
Frame
Dairy strength
rear feet/legs
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Term
| how often do you change a needle |
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Definition
| ever 10-15 animals or draw from bottle |
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Term
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Definition
| no soap or disinfectants. no sun exposure. no heat. |
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Term
| Which feed leads to least deveolped rumen/papillae/muscle? |
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Definition
| milk only. no papillae, see through, no muscle |
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|
Term
| Which feed leads to most deveolped rumen/papillae/muscle? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Which feed leads to medium deveolped rumen/papillae/muscle? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what causes growth and development in rumen? |
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Definition
| weight and nutrients other than milk. VFAs. |
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Term
| Describe good weaning process. |
|
Definition
| starter grain soon after birth, water free at all times. Wean at 8-9 weeks |
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Term
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Definition
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|
Term
| how much space for calves? |
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Definition
| enough to get up and move around |
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|
Term
| 4 things in good calf housing design |
|
Definition
dry comfy bedding
good ventilation
ease of observation
ease of restraint
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Term
| pos and neg to wood hutches |
|
Definition
cheap and easy to build
difficult to clean |
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|
Term
| 2 common diseases in young calves? |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| boosts passive imunity, affects long term health |
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Term
|
Definition
Quality - high imminoglobulin concentration/proper storage
Quickness
Quantity - no all make to adbomasum, must compensate |
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|
Term
| how long colostrum storged in fridge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in warm water less than 120 degrees of in low power micorwave |
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|
Term
| what does a colostrometer do? |
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Definition
| measures the specific gravity of colostrum |
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|
Term
| pros and cons of milk replacer? |
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Definition
less quality protein
convienent, helps when colostrum is low |
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|
Term
| milk replacer is 20:20, what represent? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is espophageal groove? |
|
Definition
| temporary in calves throats takes colostrum directly to abomansum |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
safety
close interactions amongst cows and people |
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|
Term
| what are the 3 major objectives to growing dairy calves |
|
Definition
rumen deveolpment
transition to forage diet
long term health |
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|
Term
| what are 2 vaccines given? |
|
Definition
J-5
lepto vac
vitamins a, d ,e
multi min |
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|
Term
| one shot given to calves at dehorning and cows? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Cream is what compenent of milk and why does it rise to the top? |
|
Definition
| Milk fat; fat globules rise because it is lense dense than protein molecules |
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Term
|
Definition
| milk fat is equalized of separated through out the milk so the don't clump |
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|
Term
| 2 major types of milk protein, which is primary? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why is milk such good protein source? |
|
Definition
| casien is easily digestable and high quality engergy source. good amino acid comp. |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| two primary minerals in milk? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Whole fluid milk standards different in CA? |
|
Definition
| Ca's standard are higher than national |
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|
Term
| if milk fat in decrease what goes up to maintain flavor? |
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Definition
| non fat solids - mineral and protein |
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|
Term
Which milk component is most variable, which least?
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Definition
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|
Term
| how many lbs of milk to make 1 lb butter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many lbs of milk to make 1 lb cheese? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| program who's mission is to promote environmental stewarship, responsible animal car, and family vaules. put a face on where milk comes from. |
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Term
| What is CMAB and what do they do? |
|
Definition
| California Milk Advisry Board. Marketing for CA milk and milk products. Ca Happy Cows campaign. |
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Term
| How determine quality of colostrum? What are we trying to tell? |
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Definition
| density of antibodies can be measeured with a colostrumeter |
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|
Term
how soon should calf be given colostrum and why important?
|
|
Definition
| with in 6 hours of birth to that larger nutrient molecules are able to pass through the intenstinal wall before it begins to shrink |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
Globally which country produces the most total milk?
Second?
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Definition
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|
Term
| County with most diary cows? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| country we export to most |
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Definition
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|
Term
| general trend of US dairies in terms of number of herds and total numbers of cows |
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Definition
| compared to CA the US has more herds with smaller numbers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ca
Wisconsin
Idaho
New York
Pennyslyvania |
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|
Term
| County in CA produces most milk |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Milk weighs ___ lbs per gallon |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| percent of milk of protein |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| percent of milk of lactose |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Difference between grade A and grade B milk
|
|
Definition
| Grade A milk is used fro fluid consumption and grade b milk has to be processed |
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|
Term
| Products made from Class 1: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Products made from Class 2: |
|
Definition
| Condensed products - heavy cream, cottage cheese |
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|
Term
| Products made from Class 3: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Products made from Class 4a: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Products made from Class 4b: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What product does most CA milk go to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A heifer who is close to calveing for the first time |
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Term
|
Definition
| a cow that no longer meets the standard expected of her(output, health,etc)and is sold |
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Term
|
Definition
| a cow that is not lactating |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Holstein
jersey
guernsey
swedish red
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|
|
Term
| how soon re-bred cow after she calves? |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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