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Cytokines
Main associations/actions
54
Immunology
Post-Graduate
01/12/2021

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Cards

Term
Cytokines released by ALL T Cells
Definition
IL-2, IL-3
Term
Main Function of IL-2
Definition
Promotes growth of T-Helper, T-Regs and cytotoxic T cells, stimulates NK cells
Term
Main function of IL-3
Definition
Targets bone marrow progenitors, stem cells; supports growth & differentiation of bone marrow stem cells
Term
Cytokines released by CD4+ Th1 cells
Definition
IFN gamma & TNF beta
Term
Function of IFN gamma
Definition
Activates macrophages (granuloma formation), promotes Ig class switching, stimulates NK cells to kill
Term
Function of TNF beta
Definition
Targets PMN's & tumour cells (kills tumour cells, activates endothelium)
Term
What type of pathogens do CD4+ Th1 cells target?
Definition
Viruses & bacteria
Term
Cytokines released by CD4+ Th2 cells
Definition
IL-4, IL-5, IL-13
Term
Main function of IL-4
Definition
Induces T-Cells to differentiate to Th2, promotes B Cell growth, promotes class switching to IgE & IgG
Term
Main function of IL-5
Definition
Promotes B cell growth & differentiation, promotes class switching to IgA, stimulates growth & differentiation of eosinophils
Term
Main Function of IL-13
Definition
Decreased expression of MHC Class 2 & Th1, inhibits activated macrophages & dendritic cells
Term
Cytokines released by CD4+ Th17 cells
Definition
IL-17
Term
Main function of IL-17
Definition
Targets epi/endothelium, neutrophils & fibroblasts to promote inflammation; recruits neutrophils
Term
What type of pathogens do Th17 cells target?
Definition
Fungi; promote inflammation
Term
What type of pathogens do Th2 cells target?
Definition
Helmniths; atopy
Term
Cytokines released by CD4+ Treg cells
Definition
IL-10, TGF-beta
Term
Main function of IL-10
Definition
Stimulate B cell growth, inhibit Th1/Th17 response
Term
Main funtion of TGF-beta
Definition
Suppress immune response, promote tolerance, promote wound healing
Term
What cell type expresses TCR, CD3 & CD28?
Definition
All T cells
Term
What is the funtion of TCR?
Definition
Bind MHC
Term
What is the function of CD3?
Definition
Associated with TCR (signal transduction)
Term
What is the function of CD28?
Definition
Binds B7 (aka B80) on APCs
Term
What cell type expresses CD4, CD40L, CXCR4, CCR5?
Definition
T helper cells
Term
What cell type expresses CD8?
Definition
Cytotoxic T Cells (Th1)
Term
What cell type expresses CD4, CD25?
Definition
Treg cells
Term
What cell type expresses Ig, CD19, CD20, CD21, CD40, MHC II, B7?
Definition
B Cells
Term
What cells express CD19?
Definition
ALL B cells
Term
What cells express CD20?
Definition
Pro-B cells through to mature B cells
Term
What is the function of CD21?
Definition
Receptor for EBV, HHV-8; present on B cells & dendritic cells
Term
What is the function of CD40?
Definition
Co-stimulatory molecule on B cells, macrophages
Term
What is the function of MHC II?
Definition
Antigen presentation (found on B cells, macrophages)
Term
What is the function of B7?
Definition
Co-stimulatory molecule on B cells, macrophages; binds to CD28/CTLA4 on T cells
Term
What cell type expresses CD14, CD40, CCR5, MHC II, B7, Fc Receptor, C3b receptor?
Definition
Macrophages
Term
What is the function of CD14?
Definition
Pattern recognition receptor (PRR), recognises PAMPs (especially LPS)
Term
What is the function of CCR5?
Definition
Chemokine receptor
Term
What is the function of Fc Recptor?
Definition
Binds antibody
Term
What is the function of C3b Receptor?
Definition
Triggers opsonisation
Term
What cell type expresses CD16, CD56?
Definition
Natural Killer cells (NK cells)
Term
What is the function of CD16?
Definition
Binds Fc portion of IgG; mediates antibody-dependent cytotoxicity
Term
What is the function of CD56?
Definition
NK cell marker
Term
What cell type expresses CD34?
Definition
Haematopoietic stem cells
Term
Which cytokines induce fever & shock?
Definition
IL-1 & TNF-alpha
Term
What cells secrete IL-1?
Definition
Macrophages, dendritic cells, monocytes
Term
What is the main function of IL-1?
Definition
Innate immune response, inflammation, fever
Term
What cells secrete IL-2?
Definition
Th1 Cells
Term
What is the main function of IL-2?
Definition
T-cell activation, proliferation and differentiation
Term
What is the main function of IL-3?
Definition
Haematopoeitic stem cell growth
Term
What cells secrete IL-4?
Definition
Th2 cells
Term
What is the main function of IL-4?
Definition
B cell activation, IgE production
Term
What cells secrete IL-5?
Definition
Th2 cells
Term
What is the main function of IL-5?
Definition
IgA production, eosinophil recruitment and activation
Term
What is the main function of IL-6?
Definition
Stimulates secretion of CRP, helps differentiate Thelper cells --> Th17
Term
What is the main function of IL-7?
Definition
Haematopoiesis
Term
What is the main function of IL-8?
Definition
Recruits inflammatory cells, neutrophil chemotaxis
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