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Cytokines & CD's
N/A
41
Biology
Graduate
08/23/2009

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Term
TNF
Definition
released by macrophages and lymphocytes to activate IL-12 production by macrophages; activates NK cells; induces apoptosis, inflammation; inhibits viral replication; causes selectin expression on endothelial cells; promotes collage synthesis in wound healing
Term
IFN-gamma
Definition
released by NK and T cells to activate macrophages to digest microbes; also stimulates class switching to IgG3
Term
IL-3
Definition
hematopoietic growth factor; stimulates differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into myeloid progenitor cells and then stimulates proliferation of all cells in myeloid lineage
Term
CD40
Definition
marker on B cell; binds to CD40L found on helper T cells to activate B cells; also found on other APC's
Term
CD4
Definition
marker on helper T cells; binds to MHC II
Term
CD8
Definition
marker on killer T cells; binds to MHC I
Term
CD3
Definition
marker on all T cells that protrudes inward to work with TCR to send activation signal
Term
Ig-alpha & Ig-beta (CD79)
Definition
markers that protrude inwards on B cell and work with BCR to send activation signal to nucleus
Term
B7 (CD80 & CD86)
Definition
marker on APCs; binds to CD28 on T cells to activate them; co-stimulatory signal
Term
CD28
Definition
on T cells; binds with B7 to send activation signal to T cell
Term
CD1
Definition
nonclassical MHC molecule bound to B2 microglobulin; binds lipids; presented by dendritic cells to natural killer T cells and γ/δ T cells (may play role in TB)
Term
IL-4
Definition
growth factor for B cells and TH2 cells; stimulates IgE class switching (good for parasitic infections)
Term
IL-5
Definition
stimulates IgA production (good for mucosal infections)
Term
IL-10
Definition
produced by regulatory T cells; inhibits TH1 cells
Term
CTLA-4 (CD152)
Definition
marker on T cell whose expression is induced after prolonged stimulation to inhibit T cells; B7 binds to CTLA-4, which competes with CD28
Term
TGF-beta
Definition
produced by regulatory T cells to inhibit T cells; inhibits breakdown of collagen to promote scar tissue; inhibits cell cycle
Term
Bcl-2
Definition
cellular protein that protects against apoptosis
Term
Fas
Definition
associated with activation of induced cell death of lymphocytes that are restimulated continually
Term
CCR7
Definition
chemokine; receptors for CCR7 are on T cells and dendritic cells and causes them to go to the paracortex region of lymph nodes
Term
CXCR5
Definition
chemokine; receptors for CXCR5 on B cells; produced only in follicles and attracts B cells here
Term
CD19
Definition
acts as B-cell co-receptor (activates B cell) with CD21 and CD81 to bind complement; also found on FDCs
Term
CD20
Definition
marker on B cells
Term
CD5
Definition
marker on T cells and a subset of B cells (produce IgM, don't undergo somatic hypermutation and don't require T cell help)
Term
IL-1
Definition
alarm cytokine; released by macrophages and dendritic cells once activated; induces selectin expression on endothelial cells; promotes collagen synthesis in wound healing
Term
CD40L (CD154)
Definition
marker on helper T cells that binds to CD40 on APCs to activate them
Term
CD16
Definition
Fc receptor for IgG found on NKs (ADCC); also found on neutrophils and macrophages (opsonization)
Term
IFN-alpha & beta
Definition
produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells; activates macrophages and NK cells to increase anti-viral and anti-tumor activity
Term
IL-12
Definition
produced by macrophages and other APCs; activates NKs and T cells & causes release of IFN-gamma release
Term
IL-6
Definition
stimulates neutrophil, C Reactive Protein and fibrinogen formation; causes liver to produce acute phase proteins; primes cells for entry into cell cycle
Term
IL-2
Definition
growth factor for T cells and NK cells; works by inducing signal cascade that will turn on gene transcription
Term
CD59
Definition
inhibits addition of C9 to cell membrane and so MAC cannot be formed
Term
CD35
Definition
CR1; found on macrophages, neutrophils, B cells, RBCs and T cells; causes phagocytosis, immune complex clearing; co-factor for C3b and C4b degredation to inhibit C3 & C5 convertases
Term
CD21
Definition
CR2; found on B cells and FDCs; co-receptor for B cell activation and traps antigen in germinal centers; receptor for EBV
Term
CD11b & CD11c
Definition
CR3 & CR4; found on NK cells, macrophages and neutrophils; phagocytosis and leukocytic adhesion
Term
IL-7
Definition
hematopoietic growth factor; stimulates differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into lymphoid progenitor cells and then stimulates proliferation of all cells in lymphoid lineage
Term
IL-9
Definition
stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis
Term
IL-15
Definition
important in maintaining memory cells; induces activation & proliferation of T cells and NKs
Term
CD2
Definition
cell adhesion and co-stimulatory molecule found on T cells and NKs; binds to LFA-3 on target cell
Term
CD45
Definition
signaling molecule in the protein kinase phosphatase class in B and T cells
Term
CD25
Definition
IL-2 receptor
Term
CD32
Definition
FcγR11 Fc receptor; involved in negative feedback control
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