Term
|
Definition
A soldering process variation during which suface wetting is enhanced by abrading the faying surfaces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A method of cleaing or surface roughening by a forcibly projected stream of abrasive particles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A filter lens designed to attenuate the effects of transmittied and reflected light. see also filter plate |
|
|
Term
Accelerating Potential
electron beam welding and cutting |
|
Definition
| The potential imparting velocity to the electrons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld meeting the applicable requirements. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The intense white, feathery-edged portion adjacent to the cone fo the carburizing oxyacetylene flame. fig b.40. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solder wire or bar containing acid flux as a core. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A rosin-based flux containing an additive that increases wetting by the solder. |
|
|
Term
Active Flux
submerged arc welding |
|
Definition
A flux formulated to produce a weld metal composition dependedt on the welding parameters, especially arc voltage.
See also alloy flux and neutral flux.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The shortest distance between the weld root and the face of a fillet weld. fig b.25.
See also effective throat and theoretical throat. |
|
|
Term
| Adaptive Control Process (XXXX-AD) |
|
Definition
| An operation with a control system sensing changes in conditions and automatically directing the equipment to take appropriate action. table a.4. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pertaining to process control that senses changes in conditions and directs the equipment to take appropriate action. table a.4
See also automatic, manual, mechanized, robotic, and semiautomatic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A polymeric material having chemical and physical properties differing from those of the base materials, placed at their faying surfaces, to the join the materials together as a result of the attractive forces of this polymeric material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joining process in which an adhesive, placed between faying surfaces, solidifies to produce an adhesive bond. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An attraction, generally physical in nature, between an adhesive and the base materials. |
|
|
Term
Agglomerated Flux
submerged arc welding. |
|
Definition
| A granular flux produced by baking a pelletized mixture of powdered ingredients and bonding agents at a temperature sufficient to remove the water, followed by processing to produce the desired particle size. see also bonded flux and fused flux. |
|
|
Term
| Air Acetylene Welding (AAW) |
|
Definition
| An oxyfuel gas welding process using an air-acetylene flame. The process is used without the application of pressure. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. see table a.5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Nonstandard term for the nozzle of a flame spraying gun for wire or ceramic rod. |
|
|
Term
| Air Carbon Arc Cutting (CAC-A) |
|
Definition
| A carbon arc cutting process variation removing molten metal with a jet of air. |
|
|
Term
| Air Carbon Arc Cutting Torch |
|
Definition
| A device used to transfer current to a fixed cutting electrode, position the electrode, and direct the flow of air. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thermal spraying process variation in which an air stream carries the powdered surfacing material through the gun and into the heat source. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Three or more discontinuities aligned approximately parallel to the weld axis, spaced sufficiently close together to be considered a single intermittent discontinuity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A localized array of porosity oriented in a line. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A substance with metallic properties and composed of two or more chemical elements of which at least one is a metal. |
|
|
Term
Alloy Flux
submerged arc welding |
|
Definition
| A flux containing ingredients reacting with the filler metal to establish a desired alloy content in the weld metal. see active flux and neutral flux. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Powder prepared from a homogeneous molten alloy or from the solidification product of such an alloy. see also powder blend. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The deflection of an arc from its normal path due to magnetic forces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A braze welding process variation used an electric arc as the heat source. see carbon arc braze welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for plenum chamber. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| See thermal cutter. See also oxygen cutting operator. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of thermal cutting processes severing or removing metal by melting with the heat of an arc between an electrode and the workpiece. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device used to transfer current to a continuously fed cutting electrode, guide the electrode, and direct the shielding gas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| See thermal cutting operator. See also oxygen cutter. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| See air carbon arc cutting torch, gas tungsten arc cuttig torch, and plasma arc cutting torch. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The axial force developed by arc plasma. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for arc length. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for orifice gas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thermal gouging using an arc cutting, process variation to form a bevel or grove. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance from the tip of the welding electrode to the adjacent surface of the weld pool. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An nonstandard term for oxygen arc cutting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A gas heated by an arc to a least a partially ionized condition, enabling it to conduct an electric current. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A seam weld made by an arc welding process. fig b.14a and b.14b |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thermal spraying process using an arc bwtween two consumable electrodes of surfacing materials as a heat source and a compressed gas to atomize and propel the surfacing material to the substrate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| See thermal spraying operator. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A discontinuity resulting from an arc, consisting of any localized remelted metal, heat-affected metal, or change in the surface profile of any metal object. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arc welding process using an arc between a metal stud, or similar part, and the other workpiece. The process is used without filler metal, with or without shielding gas or flux, with or without partial shielding from a ceramic or graphite ferrule surrounding the stud, and with the application of pressure after the faying surfaces are sufficiently heated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time during which an arc is maintained in making an arc weld. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The electrical potential between the electrode and workpiece. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of welding processes producing coalescence of workpieces by melting them with an arc. The processes are used with or without the application of pressure and with or without filler metal. |
|
|
Term
| Arc Welding Depostion Efficiency |
|
Definition
| The ratio fo the weight of filler metal deposited in the weld metal to the weight of filler metal melted, expressed in percent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A component of the welding circuit through which current is conducted and that terminates at the arc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device used to transfer current to a continously fed consumable electrode, guide the electrode, and direct the shielding gas. fig b.38. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device used to transfer current to a fixed welding electrode, position the electrode, and direct the shielding gas. fig b.35 and b.36. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A beam extending from the frame of a resistance welding machine to transmit electrode force and sometimes conduct welding current. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the condition of brazements prior to subsequent thermal, mechanical, or chemical treatments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the condition of solderment prior to subsequent thermal, mechanical, or chemical treatments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the condition of weldments prior to subsequent thermal, mechanical, or chemical treatments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One or more components, members, or parts fit in preparation for joining. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A gas used to blow molten metal away to form the kerf in lase beam inert gas cutting, or to blow vaporized metal away from the beam path in laser beam evaporative cutting. |
|
|
Term
| Atomic Hydrogen Welding (AHW) |
|
Definition
| An arc welding process using an arc between two metal electrodes in a shielding atmosphere of hydrogen and without the application of pressure. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. table a.5. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fusion weld made without filler metal. |
|
|
Term
| Automatic Arc Welding Current |
|
Definition
| The current in the welding circuit during the making of a weld, but excluding upslope, downslope, and crater fill current. fig b.53 and b.54. |
|
|
Term
| Automatic Arc Welding Downslope Time |
|
Definition
| The time during which the current is changed continuously from final taper current or welding current to final current. fig. b.53 |
|
|
Term
| Automatic Arc Welding Weld Time |
|
Definition
| The time interval form the end of start time or end of upslope to begining of crater fill time or beginning of downslope. fig b.53 and b54. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for automatic oxygen curtting. |
|
|
Term
| Automatic Process (XXXX-AU) |
|
Definition
| An operation performed with equipment requiring occasional or no observation and no manual adjustment during its operation. table a.4 |
|
|
Term
| Automatic Soldering (S-AU) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Automatic Thermal Cutting (TC-AU) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Automatic Thermal Spraying (TS-AU) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to process control with equipment requiring only occasional or no observation and no manual adjustments during its operation. table a.4. see also adaptive control, manual, mechanized, robotic, and semiautomatic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An additional lens used to magnify the field of vision. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for auxiliary magnifier. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld bead resulting from a back weld pass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device used to exert pressure on the collet in a gas tungsten arc welding torch and creat a seal to prevent air from entering the back of the torch. fig b.36. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld made at the back of a single groove weld fig b.24c |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld pass resulting in a back weld. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The momentary recession of the flame into the torch, potentially causing a flashback or sustained backfire. It is usually signaled by a poppping sound, after which the flame may either extinguish or reignite at the end of the tip. see also flashback and sustained backfire. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The removal of weld matel and base metal from the weld root side of a welded joint to facilitate complete fusion and complete joint penetration upon subsequent welding from that side. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A welding technique in which the welding torch or gun is directed opposite to the progress of welding. figure b.21 see also drag angle, forehand welding, push angle, travel angle, and work angle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A material or divice placed against the back side of the joint adjecent to the joint root, or at both side of a joint in electroslag and electrogas welding to suppor and shield molten weld metal. The material my be partially fused or remain unfused duing welding and may be either metal or nonmetal. figures b.8(d), b.12, and b.37. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld bead resulting from a backing weld pass. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Backing in the form of a shielding gas employed primarily to provide a protective atmosphere. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Backing in the form of a ring, generally used in the welding of pipe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A barrier dvice used in electroslag and electrogas welding to contain the weld without being fused. figure b.37 see moveing shoe and stationary shoe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Backing in the form of a weld. figure b.24(d) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld pass resulting in a backing weld. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A longitudinal sequence in weld passes are make in the direction opposite to the progress of welding figure b.23(a) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An electrode having a large electrode face opposing the welding force. |
|
|
Term
Backup,
Flash and Upset Welding |
|
Definition
| A locating device used to transmit all or aportion of the upset force to the workpieces or to aid in prevnting the workpieces from sllipping during upsetting. |
|
|
Term
Balling up,
Brazing and Soldering |
|
Definition
| The formation of globules of molten filler metal or flux due to insufficient base metal wetting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A filler metal electrode produced as a wire, strip, or bar with no coating or covering except one incidental to its manufacture or preservation. |
|
|
Term
| Bare Metal Arc Welding (BMAW) |
|
Definition
| An arc welding process using an arc between a bare or lighly coated electrode and the weld pool. The process is used without shielding, without the application of pressure, and filler metal is obtained from the elcetrode. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. see table a.5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The metal or alloy being welded, brazed, soldered, or cut. see also base material and substrate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test specimen composed wholly of base metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The portion of base metal adjacent to a weld, braze or solder joint or thermal cut and unaffected by welding, brazing, soldering, or thermal cutting. see figure b.24(g). see also heat-affected zone and weld metal zone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The material being welded, brazed, soldered, or cut. see also base metal and substrate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The expansion of a beam's cross section as the beam emanates from its source. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test in which a specimen is bent to a specified bend radius. see face bend test, root bend test, and side bend test. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An angular edge shape. fig b.6 and b.7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The angle between the bevel of a joint member and a plane perpendicular to the surface fo the member. fig b.6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of edge shape in which the prepared survace or surfaces lied at some angle other thean perpendicular to the material surface. fig b.7(b) and b.7(c) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The prepared surface of a bevel edge shape. fig b.6(g) and b.6(h) see groove face and root face |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The radius used to form a J-edge shape.
fig b.6(b) and b.6(e) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of groove weld. fig b.8(b) and b.9(b) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part of the soldering iron, usually make of copper, provided to directly transfer heat, and sometimes soldering filler metal, to the joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process variation employing a fexible, resistance-heated blanket(s) as the heat source. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint, no portion fo which is visible. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process employing heated blocks as the heat source. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. table a.5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A combined logitudinal and cross-sectional sequence for a continuous multible-pass weld in which separated segments are completely or partially welded before intervening segments are welded. fig b.23(b) see cascade sequence, cross-sectional sequence, progressive block sequence, and selective block sequence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| se brazing blowpipe, soldering blowpipe, and welding blowpipe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Covalent bond, ionic bond, mechanical bond, and metallic bond. |
|
|
Term
Bond Coat
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| A preliminary (or prime) coat of material applied to improve adherence of the subsequent thermal spray deposit. |
|
|
Term
Bond Line
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| The cross section of the interface between a thermal spray deposit and the substrate. fig b.31(b) |
|
|
Term
Bond Specimen
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
The test specimen on which a thermal spray deposit has been applied to determine bond strength and thermal spray deposit strength.
|
|
|
Term
Bond Strength
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
The unit force required to separate a thermal spray deposit from the substrate.
|
|
|
Term
Bonded Flux
submerged arc welding |
|
Definition
| A granular flux produced by baking a pelletized mixture of powdered ingredients and bonding agents at a temperature below its melting point, but high enough to create a chemical bond, followed by processing to produce the deired particle size. see agglomerated flux and fussed flux. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The attractive force holding atoms together. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The continuation of a fillet weld around a corner of a member of an extension of the principal weld. fig b.23(f) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The portion of a braze that has been melted during brazing fig b.31(a) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The boundary between braze matal and base material in a brazed joint. fig b.31(a)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A bond produced as a result of heating an assembly to the brazing temperature using a brazing filler metal distributed and retained between the closely fitted faying surfaces of the joint by capillary action fig b.31(A) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joining process in which the brazing filler metal is deposited in the joint without capillary action or melting of the base material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The capacity of a material to be brazed under the imposed fabrication of conditions into a specific, suitably designed structure capable of performing satisfactorily in the intended service |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint that has been brazed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An assembly joined by brazing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One who performs manual or semiautomatic brazing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of joining processes producting the bonding of materials by heating them to the brazing temperature in the presence of a brazing filler metal having a liquidus above 450C [840F] and below the solidus of th ebase metal. The brazing filler metal is distributed and retained between the closely fitted faying th surfaces of the joint by capillary action. fig a.1, a.3, and a.6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device used to obtain a small, accurately directed flame for fine work. A portion of any flame is blown to the desired location by the blowpipe, which is usually mouth operated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The metal or alloy to be added in making a brazed joint. The filler metal has a liquidus above 450C [840F] and below the solidus of th ebase material. |
|
|
Term
| Brazing Filler Metal Paste |
|
Definition
| Brazing filler metal in the form of a paste consisting of finely divided brazing filler metal with a fluz or neutral carrier |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fluz used for brazing. see soldering flux and welding flux |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brazing filler metal in thin sheet form. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One who operates automatic or mechanized brazing equipment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brazing filler metal in the form of finely divided particles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The detailed methods and practices involved in the production of a brazement. see brazing procedure specification |
|
|
Term
| Brazing Procedure Qualification Record (BPQR) |
|
Definition
| A record of brazing variables used to produce an acceptable test brazement and the results of tests conducted on the brazement to qualify a brazing procedure specification. |
|
|
Term
| Brazing Procedure Specification (BPS) |
|
Definition
| A document specifying the required brazing variables for a specific application. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of solid or flux cored brazing filler metal supplied in straight lengths that may include a flux coating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Brazing powder held in sheet form by a plastic binder
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brazing powder held in sheet form by a plastic binder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A long, narrow form of brazing foil or brazing sheet. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A graphical representation of the specifications for producing a brazed joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brazing strip with an applied adhesive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Details of the brazing operation controlled by the brazer or brazing operator. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The base material temperature(s) at which a braze can be accomplished. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solid or fluz cored form of brazing filler metal supplied on coils or spools. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A surfacing variation in which surfacing material is deposited to achieve the required dimensions. see buttering, cladding, and hardfacing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint type in which the butting ends of one or more workpieces are alighned in approzimately the same plane. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A surfacing variation depositing surfacing metal on one or more surfaces to provide metallurgically compatible weld metal for the subsequent completion of the weld. see buildup, cladding, and hardfacing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint member prevented, by the other member, from movement in one direction perpendicular to its thinkness dimension. For example, both members of a butt joint, or one member of a T-joint or corner join. fig b.11 see non-butting member. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part of a weld, including all or part of the nugget, torn out in the destructive testing of projection, seam, or spot welds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The force by which liquid in contact with a solid is distributed between the closely fitted faying surfaces of th ejoint to be brazed or soldered. |
|
|
Term
| Carbon Arc Braze Welding (CABW) |
|
Definition
| A braze welding process variation using an arc between a carbon electrode and the base metal as the heat source. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process using heat from a carbon arc. A brazing process using heat from a carbon arc. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. table a.5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arc cutting process employing a carbon electrode. see air carbon arc cutting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thermal gouging process using heat from a carbon arc and the force of comopressed air or other nonflammable gas. see ozaygen gouging and plasma arc gouging. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arc welding process using an arc between a carbon electrode and the weld pool. The process is used with or without shielding and without the application of pressure. see gas carbon arc welding, shielded carbon arc welding and twin carbon arc welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonfiller metal elctrode used in arc welding and cutting, consisting of a carbon or graphite rod, which may be coated with copper or other materials. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A reducing ozyfuel gas flame in which there is an excess of fuel gas, resulting in a carbon-rich zone extending around and beyond the cone. fig b.40(d) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The gas used to transport powdered material from the feeder or hopper to a thermal spraying gun or a thermal cutting torch. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A combined logitudeinal and cross-sectional sequence in which weld beads are made in overlapping layers. fig b.23(C) see block sequence, continuous sequence, and cross-sectional sequence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plastic deformation of weld and adjacent base metal surfaces by mechanical means to seal or obscure discontinuities. |
|
|
Term
| Ceramic Rod Flame Spraying |
|
Definition
| A thermal spraying process variation in which the surfacing material is in rod form. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An Intermitted weld on both side of a joint in which the weld segments on one side are approzimately opposite those on the other side. fig b.23(G) |
|
|
Term
| Chemical-Bath Dip Brazing |
|
Definition
| A dib brazing process variation used a chemical compound also serving as a flux. see metal-bathdip brazing and salt-bath dip brazing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A rotatable electrode with the contracting surface at the periphery through which welding current and force are applied to the workpieces. see resistance welding electrode |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A laminar composite consisting of a metal or alloy, with a metal or alloy of different chemical composition applied to one or more sides by casting, drawing, rolling, surfacing, chemical deposition, or electroplating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A surfceing variation depositing or applying surfacing material usually to improve corrosion orheat resistance. see buildup, buttering, and hardfacing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A localized array of porosity having a random geometric distribution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The growing together or growth into one body fo the materials being joined |
|
|
Term
| Coextrusion Welding (CEW) |
|
Definition
| A solid-state welding process producing a weld by heating to the welding temperature and forcing the workpieces through an extrusion die. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A filler matal packaging confiquration in which the wire is coiled without an internal support and appropriately bound to maintain its shape. see coil with suppor and spool |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A filler matal packagin configuraton in which the wire is coiled without an internal support and appropriately bound to maintain its shape. see coil with support and spool. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazed joint with incomplete metalic bonding due to insufficient heating of th ebase material during brazing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A crack occurring in a metal at or near ambient temperatures. Cold cracks can occur in base metal (BMZ), heat-affected (HAZ), and weld metal zones (WMZ). see hot crack. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Soldered joint with incomplete metallic bonding due to insufficient heating of the base material during soldering. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solid-state welding process in which pressure is used to produce a weld at room temperature with substantial deformation at the weld. see diffusion welding, forge welding, and hot pressure welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The reinforcing metal of a nonpressure thermite weld. |
|
|
Term
Collaring
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| Adding a sholder to a shaft or similar component as a protective confining wall for the thermal spray deposit. fig b.43(a) |
|
|
Term
Collet
gas tungsten arc welding
plasma arc cutting
plasma arc welding
thermal spryaing |
|
Definition
| A mechanical clamping device used to hold the electrode in position within th ewelding, cutting or spraying torch. fig b.36 |
|
|
Term
| Commutator-Controlled Welding |
|
Definition
| A resistance spot or projection welding variation in which multiple welds are produced sequentially as controlled by a commutationg device activated when the contractor is closed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fusion over the entire fusion faces and between all adjoing weld beads. fig b.28 see incomplete fusion |
|
|
Term
| Complete Joint Penetration (CJP) |
|
Definition
| A groove weld condition in which weld metal extends through the joint thickness. fig b.26 |
|
|
Term
| Complete Joint Penetration Weld |
|
Definition
| A grove weld in which weld metal extends through the joint thickness. fig b.26(f) and b.26(G) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A material consisting of two or more discrete materials with each material retaining its physical identity. see clad metal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A generic term for multicomponent filler metal electrodes in various physical forms such as stranded wires, tubes, and covered wire. |
|
|
Term
| Composite Thermal Spray Deposit |
|
Definition
| A thermal spray deposit made with two or more dissimilar surfacing materials tha tmay be formed in layers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fillet weld having a concave face fig b.25(b) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The configuration of a groove weld exhibiting underfill at the root surface. fig b.27(f) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The mazimum distance from the face fo a concave fillett weld perpendicular to a line joining the weld toes. fig b.25(b) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The application of supplemental heat to a structure during welding or cutting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The conical part of a oxyfuel gas flame adjacent to the tip oriface. fig b.40 |
|
|
Term
| Constant Current Power Source |
|
Definition
| An arc welding power source with a volt-ampere relationship yielding a small welding current change from a large arc voltage change. see welding power source. |
|
|
Term
| Constant Voltage Power Source |
|
Definition
| An arc welding power source with a volt-ampere relationship yielding a large welding current change from a small arc voltage change. see welding power source. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device at the exit end of a plasma arc torch or plasma sprying gun, containing the constricing orifice. fig b.35 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A plazma arc column shaped by the constricting oriface in the nozzle of the plasma arc torch or plasma spraying gun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The hole in the constricting nozzle of the plasma arc torch or plasma sprying gun through which the arc plasma passes. fig b.35 |
|
|
Term
| Constricting Orifice Diameter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Constricting Orifice Length |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An electrode providing filler metal. |
|
|
Term
| Consumable Guide Electroslag Welding (ESW-CG) |
|
Definition
| An electroslag welding process variation in which filler metal is supplied by an electrode and its guiding member. fig b.37(b) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Filler metal placed at the joint root before welding, and intended to be completely fused into the joint root to become part of the weld. fig b.13(e) |
|
|
Term
Contact Resistance
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| Resistance to the flow of electric current through faying surfaces of workpieces, an electrode and workpiece, or mating surfaces fo components in the secondary circuit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A tubular component of an arc welding gun delivering welding current to, and guiding, a continuous electrode. fig b.38 and b.39 |
|
|
Term
Contact Tip Setback
flux cored arc welding
gas metal arc welding |
|
Definition
| The distance from the contact tip to the end of the gas nozzle. fig b.38(a) see electrode setback. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Longitudinal sequence in which each weld bead is make continously from one end of the joint to the other. see backstep sequence, block sequence, and cascade sequence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A laser having an output operating in a continuous rather than a pulsed mode. A laser operating with a continuous output for a period greater than 25 milliseconds is regarded as a continuous wave laser. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld extending continuouly from on e end of a joint tothe other. Where the joint is exxentially circular, it entends completely around the joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The configuration of a groove weld exhibiting root reinforcement at the root surface. fig b.27(e) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fillet weld having a convex weld face. fig b.25(a) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The maximum distance from the face of a convex fillet weld perpendicular to a line joinging the weld toes. fig b.25(a) |
|
|
Term
Cool Time
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The duration between successive heat times in multiple-impulse welding. fig b.48(b) and b.29 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surfacing material in the form of a plastic tube filled with powder extruded to a compact, flexible cord with characteristics similar to a wire |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solder wire or bar containing flux as a core. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint type in which butting or nonbutting ends of one or more workpieces converge approximetely perpendicular to one another. fig b.1(b), b.2(b), b.10(C) and B.10(E) see skewed joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The region of a resistance weld where joining is the result of solid-state welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A lens ground to the wearer's individual corrective prescription |
|
|
Term
Corrosive Flux
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| A flux with a residue chemically attacking the base metal. It may be composed of inorganic salts and acids, organic salts and acids, or cativated rosin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld bead used to enhance appearance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld pass resulting in a cosmetic weld bead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A primary bond arising from the reduction in energy associated with overlapping half-filled orbaitals of two atoms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld bead rsulting from a cover pass. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld pass or passes resulting in the exposed layer of a multipass weld on the side from which welding was done. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A removable pane of colorless glass, plastic-coated glass, or plastic covering the filter plate and protecting it from weld splatter, pitting, or scratching. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A composite filler metal electrode consisting of a bare metal cored electrode with a flux covering sufficient to provide a slag layer and/or alloying elements. see lightly coated electrode. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fracture-type discontinuity characterized by a sharp tip and high ratio of length and width to opening displacement. fig b.33 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A depression in the weld face at the termination of a weld bead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A crack initiated and localized within a crater. fig b.33 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The current value during crater fill time. fig b.54 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time interval following weld time but prior to meltback time during which arc voltage or current reach preset value greater or less than welding values. Weld travel may or may not stop at this point. fig b.54 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The arc voltage value during crater fill time. fig b.54 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Projection welding joint design in which the localization of th ewelding current and force is achieved by the contract of intersecting wires. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The order in which the weld passes of a multiple-pass weld are made with respect to the cross section of th eweld. fig b.23(b)-(e) see block sequence, cascade sequence, and continuous sequence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device for converting an oxyfuel gas welding torch into an oxyfuel gas cutting torch. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonfiller metal elecdtrode used in arc cutting. see carbon electrode, metal electrode, and tungsten electrode. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of a cutting machine in which a cutting torch or tip is incorporated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of an ozyfuel gas cutting torch from which the gases issue. fig b.41 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The duration of one waveform period. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A header for interconnection of multiple gas sources with distribution points |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A discontinuity or discontinuities that by nature or accumulated effect render a part or product unable to meet minimum applicable acceptance standards or specifications. The term designates rejectability. see discontinuity and flaw. |
|
|
Term
Deposited Metal
brazing, soldering, and welding |
|
Definition
| Filler metal added during brazing, soldering or welding. |
|
|
Term
Deposited Metal
surfacing |
|
Definition
| Surfacing metal added during surfacing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The wight of material deposited in a unit of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The perpendicular distance from the base metal surface to the root edge or the beginning of the root face. fig b.6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance that fusion extends into the base metal or previous bead from the surface melted during welding. fig b.30 see joint penetration |
|
|
Term
| Detonation Flame Spraying |
|
Definition
| A thermal spraying process variation in which the controlled explosion of a mixture of fuel gas, oxygen, and powdered surfacing material is utilized to melt and propel the surfacing material to the substrate. |
|
|
Term
| Differential Thermal Expansion |
|
Definition
| Dimensional effects resulting from differences in expansion coefficients and/or theramal gradients within a workpiece or assembly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solid filler metal applied to the faying surfaces to assist in diffusion welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process using a brazing filler metal or an in situ liquid phase that diffuses with the base material(s) to produce joint properties approaching those of the base material(s). Pressure may or may not be applied. fig a1 and a.6 tables a.1, a.2, and a.3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solid-state welding process producing a weld by the application of pressure at elecvated temperature with no macroscopic deformation or relative motion of the workpieces. A solid filler metal may be inserted between the faying surfaces. see cold welding, diffusion aid, forge welding, and hot pressure welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Change in chemical composition of a welding filler metal caused by the admixture of the base metal or previous weld metal in the weld bead. It is measured by the percentagle of base metal or previous weld metal in the weld bead. fig b.24(L) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A bazing process using heat from a molten bath. see chemical-bath dip brazing, metal-bath dip brazing and salt-bath dip brazing. |
|
|
Term
Dip Feed
gas tungsten arc welding
oxyfuel gas welding
plasma arc welding |
|
Definition
| A process variation in which filler metal is intermittently fed into the leading edge of the weld pool. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A soldering process using heat from a metal, oil, or salt bath in which it is immersed. |
|
|
Term
| Direct Current Electrode Negative (DCEN) |
|
Definition
| The arrangement of direct current arc welding leads in which the electrode is the negative pole and workpiece is th epositive pole of the welding arc. fig b.24(b) |
|
|
Term
| Direct Drive Friction Welding (FRW-DD) |
|
Definition
| A Variation of friction welding in which the energy required to make the weld is supplied to the welding machine through a direct motor connection for a preset period of the welding cycle. fig b.45 see inertia friction welding. |
|
|
Term
Direct Welding
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| A secondary circuit configuration in which welding current and force are applied to workpieces by directly opposed electrodes. fig b.47(a)-b.47(c) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An interrupton of the typical structure of a material, such as a loack of homogeneity in its mechanical, metallurgical, or physical characteristics. A discontinuity is not necessarily a defect. see defect and flaw. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dissolving of the base material into the filler metal or the filler metal into the base material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A condition in which the welding or cutting arc of a plasma arc torch does not pass through the constricting orifice but transfers to the inside surface of the nozzle. A secondary arc is simultaneously established between the outside surface of the nozzle and the workpiece. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of bevel edge shape having tow prepared surfaces adjacent to opposite side of the material. fig b.7(c). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A double-sided weld groove formed by the combination of a butting member having a double-bevel edge shape abutting a planar surface of a companion member. fig b.9(b) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in a bouble-bevel-groove welded from both sides. fig b.9(b) |
|
|
Term
| Double-Flare-Bevel Groove |
|
Definition
| A double-sided weld groove formed by the combination of a butting member having a round edge shape and planar survace of a companion member. Fg b.9(f) |
|
|
Term
| Double-Flare-Bevel-Groove Weld |
|
Definition
| A weld in a double-flare-bevel groove welded from both sides. fig b.9(f) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A double-sided weld groove formed by the combination of butting members having round edge shapes. fig b.9(g) |
|
|
Term
Double-Groove Weld
fusion welding |
|
Definition
| A groove weld made form both sides. fig b.9, b.24(c) and b.24(d) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of edge shape having two prepared surfaces adjacent to opposite sides of the material. fig b.9(d) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in a double-J groove welded from both sides. fig b.9d) |
|
|
Term
| Double-Spliced Butt Joint |
|
Definition
| See Spliced Joint. fig b.3(b) |
|
|
Term
| Double-Square-Groove Weld |
|
Definition
| A weld in a square groove welded from both side. fig b.9(a) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Double-sided weld groove formed by the combination of butting members having double-J edge shapes. fig b.9(e) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Weld in a double-U groove welded from both side. fig b.9(e) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A double-sided weld groove formed by the combinaiton of butting members having double-bevel edge shapes. fig b.9(c) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Weld in a double-V groove welded from both side. fig.9(c) |
|
|
Term
Double-Welded Joint
fusion welding |
|
Definition
| A joint welded from both sides. fig b.9, b,24(c) and b.24(d) |
|
|
Term
Dovetailing
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| A method of surface roughening involving angular undercutting to interlock the thermal spray deposit. fig b.43(c) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Welding with a downward progression. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The offset distance between the actual and straight line exit points of the gas stream or cutting beam measured on the exit surface of the base metal. fig b.41 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The travel angle when the electrode in pointing in a direction opposite tot he progression of welding . This angle can also be used to partially define th eposition of guns, torches, rods and beams. fig b.21. see backhand welding, push angle, travel angle, and work angle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An undesirable sagging or surface irregularity, usually encountered when brazing or welding near the solidus of the base metal, caused by overheating with rapid diffusion or alloying between the filler metal and the base metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The remaining solidified, oxidized metallic material adhering to the workpiece adjacent to the cut surface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cylindrical filler metal pachage used to contain a continuous length of wound or coiled filler metal wire. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The percentage of time during a specified test period that a power source or its accessories can be operatied at rated output without overheating. The test periods for arc welding and resistance welding are ten (10) minutes and one (1) minute, respectively. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The percentage of time during a specified test period that a power source or its accessories can be operated at rated output without overheating. The test periods for arc welding and resistance welding are |
|
|
Term
Dwell Time
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| The length of time that the surfacing material is exposed to the heat zone of the thermal spraying gun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time during which the energy source pauses at any point in each oscillation. |
|
|
Term
Dynamic Electrode Force
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The actual force applied to the workpieces by the electrodes during welding. |
|
|
Term
Edge Effect
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| Loosening of the bond between the thermal spray deposit and the substrate at the edge of the thermal spray deposit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint type in which the nonbutting ends of one or more workpieces lie approzimately parallel. fig b.1(e) and b.2(e) see skewed joint. |
|
|
Term
Edge Loss
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| Thermal spray deposit lost as overspray beyond the edge of the workpiece |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The preparation of th eedges of the joint members, by cutting, cleaning, plating, or other means. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The shape of the edge of the joint member. fig b.7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in an edge joint, a flanged butt joint or a flanged corner joint in which the full thickness of the members are fused. fig b.10(a) through b.10(c), b.13(a), and b.25(h) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The weld metal thickness measured from the weld root. fig b.25(h)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The minimum distance from the fillet weld face, minus andy convexity, and the weld root. In the case of a fillet weld combined with a groove weld, the weld root of the groove weld shall be used. fig b.25(a)-(d) and b.25(i)-(k). see actual throat and theoretical throat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Component of the secondayr circuit terminating at the arc, molten conductive slag, or base metal. |
|
|
Term
Electrode Adapter
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| A device used to adapt an electrode to an electrode holder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A replaceable electrode adapter tip used for reistance spot welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The length of electrode extending beyond the end of the contact tip. fig b.38 |
|
|
Term
Electrode Extension
carbon arc cutting |
|
Definition
| The length of electrode extending beyond the electrode holder or cutting torch. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The length of tungsten electrode extending beyond the end of the collet. fig b.35 and b.36 |
|
|
Term
Electrode Force
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The force applied by the elctrodes to the workpieces in making spot, seam, or projection welds. see dynamic electrode force, static electrode force, and theoretical electrode force. |
|
|
Term
Electrode Indentataion
resistance wleding |
|
Definition
| A depression formed on the surface of the workpiece by an electrode |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A secondary circuit conductor transmitting energy from the power source to the electrode holder, gun or torch. fig b.34 and b.36 |
|
|
Term
Electrode Life
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The endurance of a welding electrode, normally expressed in terms of the number and/or length of welds produced between required servicing or replacement. |
|
|
Term
Electrode Mushrooming
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The enlargement of the electrode face due to the heat and pressure of welding. |
|
|
Term
Electrode Pickup
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| Contamination of th eelectrode by the base metal or its coating during welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance the electrode is recessed behind the constricting oriface of the plasma arc torch or thermal spraying gun, measured form the outer face of the constricing nozzle. fig b.35. see contact tip setback |
|
|
Term
Electrode Skid
restance welding |
|
Definition
| The transverse movement of the electrode with respect to the workpiece resulting from the application of electrode force. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arc welding process using an arc bwtween a continuous filler metal electrode and the weld pool, employing approximately vertical welding progression with backing to confine the molten weld metal. The process is used with or without an externally supplied shielding gas and without the application of pressure. |
|
|
Term
| Electron Beam Braze Welding (EBBW) |
|
Definition
| A braze welding process variation employing a defocused or oscilating electron beam as the heat source. fig a.1 and a.6. tables a.1, a.2, and a.3 |
|
|
Term
| Electron Beam Brazing (EBB) |
|
Definition
| A brazing process using heat form a slightly defocused or oscillation electron beam. fig a.1 and a.6. tables a.1, a.2, and a.3. |
|
|
Term
| Electron Beam Cutting (EBC) |
|
Definition
| A thermal cutting process severing metals by melting them with the heat form a concentrated beam, composed primarily of high-velocity electrons, impinging on the workpiece. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device for producing and accelerating electrons. Typical components include the emitter (also called the filament or cathode) heated to produce electrons via thermionic emission, a cup (also called the grid or grid cup), and the anode. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The electron beam gun plus auxiliary mechanical and electrical components that my include beam alignment, focus, and deflection coils. |
|
|
Term
| Electron Beam Welding (EBW) |
|
Definition
| A welding process producing coalescence with a concentrated beam, composed primarily of high-velocity electrons, impinging on the joint. The process is used without shielding gas and without the applicaiton of pressure. |
|
|
Term
| Electroslag Welding (ESW) |
|
Definition
| A Welding process producing coalescence of metals with molten slag, melting fthe filler metal and the surfaces o fthe workpieces. The weld pool is shielded by the slag, which moves along the full cross section fo the joint as welding progresses. The process is initiated by an arc that heats the slag. The arc is then extinguished by the sonductive slag, which is kept molten by its resistance to electric current passing between the electrode and the workpieces. fig b.37 |
|
|
Term
| Electroslag Welding Electrode |
|
Definition
| A filler metal component of th ewelding circuit through which current is conductied from the electrode guiding member to the molten slag. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of porosity having a length greater than its width that lies approzimately parallel to the weld axis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A filler metal electrode consisting of a core of a bare electrode or a composite electrode to which a very light coating has been applied to produce a stable arc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The condition in which the base metal thickness has been reduced by dissolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A mechanically ventilated, semi-enclosed area in which an air flow across the work area is used to remove fumes, gases, and sold particles. |
|
|
Term
| Exothermaic Braze Welding (EXBW) |
|
Definition
| A braze welding process variation using an exothermic chemical reaction as heat source with the brazing filler metal provided as a reaction product. fig a.1 and a.6. tables a.1, a.1, and a.3. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solid-state welding process producing a weld by high velocity impact of the workpieces as the result of controlled detonation. |
|
|
Term
Expulsion
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The ejection of molten metal during welding, either at the faying surface or the contact point(s) of th eelectrode face. see surface expulsion. |
|
|
Term
Expulsion Point
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The amount of welding current above which expulsion occurs for a given set of welding conditions. |
|
|
Term
Extension
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The distance the workpiece or electrode projects from a resistance welding die, clamp, chuck, or electrode holder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test in which the weld face is on the convex surface of a specified bend radius. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Face Feed
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| Manual or mechanical applicaiton of filler metal to the preheated joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weld reinforcement on the side of the joint from which welding was done. fig b.24(a) and b.24(c). see root reinforcement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The mating surface of a workpiece in contact with or in close proximity to another workpiece to which it is to be joined. fig b.30(d). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arbitrary, standardized value designating the ferrite content of an austenitic or duplex ferritic-austenitic stainless steel weld metal based on its magnetic properties. The term is always a proper noun and is always capitalized, Ferrite Number should not be confused with percent ferrite; the two are not equivalent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A ceramic device surrounding the stud base to contain th emolten metal and shield the arc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld made at a location other than a shop or the place of initial construction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fusion weld made with filler metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The material to be added in making a brazed, soldered, or welded joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The metal or alloy to be added in making a brazed, soldered, or welded joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Filler metal in paticle form. |
|
|
Term
| Filler Metal Start Delay Time |
|
Definition
| The time interval from arc initiation to the start of filler metal feeding. fig b.54. |
|
|
Term
| Filler Metal Stop Delay Time |
|
Definition
| The time delay interval from beginning of downslope time to the stop of filler metal feeding. fig b.53. |
|
|
Term
Fillet
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| The radiussed portion of the braze metal or solder metal adjacent to the joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld of approximately tirangular cross section joining tow surfaces approzimately at right angles to each other in a lap joint. fig b.10f, b.15f, b.18, b.20, b.21b, b.23g, b.23h, b,24e, b.24j, b24p, b.25a-e, b25i, and b.30b. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test in which the speciment is loaded so that the weld root is in tension. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance from the joint root to the toe of the fillet weld. fig b.24e and b.25a-e. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| For equal leg fillet welds, the leg lengths of the largest isosceles right triagle that can be inscribed within the fillet weld cross section. For unequal leg fillet welds, the leg lengths of the largest right triangle that can be inscribed within the fillet weld cross section. fig b.25a-e. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
actual throat
effective throat
theoretical throat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An optical material protecting the eyes against excessive ultraviolet, infrared, and visible radiation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The current after downslope but prior to current shut-off. fig b.53 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The current at the end of the taper interval prior to downslope. fig b.53 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Particles of flux or filler metal having a size smaller than a particular mesh size. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A shielded metal arc welding process variation employing a lenth of covered electrode placed along the joint in contact with the workpieces during welding. The stationary electrode is consumed as the arc travels the length of the electrode. This is an obsolete or seldom used process variation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A discontinuity, attributed to the presence of hydrogen in the weld, observed on the fracture surface of a weld in steel consisting of a small pore or inclusion surrounded by an approximately round, bright area. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The act of bringing together the workpiece(s) in preparation for joining. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One who fits the workpiece(s) in preparation for joining. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The as-fit joint geomerty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device designed to maintain the fit workpiece(s) in the proper relationship. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The speed at which flame travels through a mixture of gases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thermal spraying process in which an oxyfuel gas fllame is the source of heat for melting the surfacding material. Compressed gas may or may not be used for atomizing and propelling the surfacing material to the substrate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of a butt joint in which at least one of the members has a flanged edge shape at the joint. fig b.2a, b.10a, b.10d, and b.27d. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of a corner joint in which the butting member has a flanged edge shaped at the joint, and an edge weld is applicable. fig b.2b, b.10c, b.10e, and b.27b. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of an edge joint in which at least one of the members has a flanged edge shape at the joint. fig b.2e. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of edge shape produced by forming the member. fig b.7f. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of one of the five basic joint types in which at least one of the joint members has a flanged edge shape at the weld joint. fig b.2, b.10, b.27b, and b.27d. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of a lap joint in which at least one of the members has a flanged edge shape at the joint, and an edge weld is not applicable. fig b.2d |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of a T-joint in which the butting member has a flanged edge shape at the joint, and an edge weld is not applicable. fig b.2c and b.10f. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in the groove formed between a joint member with a curved surface and another with a planar surface. fig b.8h, b.9f, b10f, and b.26h. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in the groove formed between a joint member with a curved surface and another with a planar surface, or between two joint members with curved surfaces. fig b.8h, b.8i, b.9f, b.9g, b.10d, and b.10f. see flare-bevel-groove weld an dflare-V groove weld. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in a groove formed by two members with curved surfaces. fig b.8h, b.9g, and b.10d. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Molten metal displaced from the weld joint and contained by a ferrule. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Molten metal displaced from the weld joint by expulsion or extrusion. |
|
|
Term
Flash Coat
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| A thin metallic coating, usually less than 0.005 mm [0.0002 in] thick, applied to the workpiece(s) to promote joining. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Peroid of the flash welding cycle during which flashing action occurs. fig b.51 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resitance welding process producing a weld at the faying surface of butting members by the rapid upsetting of the workpieces after a controlled period of flashing action. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The recession of the flame through the torch and into the hose, regulator, and/or cylinder, potentially causing an explosion. see backfire and sustained backfire. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device to limit damage from a flashback by preventing propagation of the flame front beyond the location of the arrester. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The phenomenon in flash welding wherein points on the faying surfaces are melted and explosively ejected. |
|
|
Term
Flashover
electron beam welding |
|
Definition
| Undesirable arcing occurring within the electron beam gun |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The position used to braze from the upper side of the joint resulting in the face of the braze being oriented approzimately horizontal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The welding position used to weld from the upper side of the joint at a point where the weld axis is approximately horizontal, and the weld face lies in an approximately horizontal plane, fig b.16a - c, b.17a, b18a, b19a, and b.20a. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An undesirable discontinuity. see defect. |
|
|
Term
Flood Cooling
resistance seam welding |
|
Definition
| The application of liquid coolant directly on the workpieces and electrodes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process using heat from the brazing filler metal poured over the joint. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. see flow welding and wave soldering. fig a.1 and a.6. tables a.1, a.2, a.3, and a.5. |
|
|
Term
Flow Brightening
soldering |
|
Definition
| Bonding of a soldering filler metal coating on a base metal to improve its finish. see precoating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A braze welding process variation using molten filler metal poured over the fusion faces as the heat source. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. table a.5, see flow brazing. |
|
|
Term
Flowability
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| The ability of molten filler metal to be drawn into the joint or spread over the surface of the base material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A material applied to the workpiece(s) before or juring joining or surfacing to cause interactions that removeoxides and other contaminants, improve wetting, and affect the final surface profile. Welding flux may also affect the weld metal chemical composition. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brazing rod coated with flux. |
|
|
Term
| Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) |
|
Definition
| An arc welding process using an arc between a continous filler metal electrode and the weld pool. The process is used with shielding gas from a flux contained within the tubular electrode, with or without additional shielding from an externally supplied gas, and without the application of pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A composite tubular filler metal electrode consisiting of a metal sheath and a core of various powdered materials, producing an extensive slag cover on the face of a weld bead. |
|
|
Term
| Flux Cored Soldering Filler Metal |
|
Definition
| Soldering filler rod or wire containing a flux. see acid core solder. |
|
|
Term
Flux Cover
metal-bath dip brazing
dip soldering. |
|
Definition
| A layer of moltin flux over the molten filler metal bath. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An oxygen cutting process using heat from an oxyfuel gas flame, with a flux in the flame to aid cutting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In a high energy beam, the location having the smallest cross-sectional area, and, consequently, the highest energy density. |
|
|
Term
Follow-Up
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The ability of the moveable electrode to maintain specified electrode force and contact with the workpiece as metal movement occurs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A welding technique in which the welding torch or gun is directed toward the progress of welding. fig b.21. see push angle, travel angle, and work angle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A compressive force applied to the weld, causing plastic deformation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solid-state welding process producing a weld by heating the workpieces to the welding temperature and applying sufficient blows to cause permanent deformation at the faying surfaces. see cold welding, diffusion welding, and hot pressure welding. |
|
|
Term
Forge-Delay Time
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The duration between a preselected point in the welding cycle and the initiation of the forging force. fig b.49. |
|
|
Term
Forging Speed
friction welding |
|
Definition
| The relative velocity of the workpieces at the instant the forge force is applied. |
|
|
Term
Friction Speed
friction welding |
|
Definition
| The relative velocity of the workpieces at the time of initial contact. fig b.44 and b.45. |
|
|
Term
| Friction Stir Welding (FSW) |
|
Definition
| A variation of firiction welding producing a weld by the friction heating and plastic material displacement caused by a rapidly rotating tool traversing the weld joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The decrease in length of workpieces during the time of friction weld force application. fig b.44 and b.45 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solid-state welding process producing a weld under the compressive force contact of workpieces rotating or poving relative to one another to produce heat and plastically displace material from the faying surfaces. fig b.31d, b.44, and b.45. see direct drive friction welding, friction stir welding, and inertia friction welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The compressive force applied to the faying surfaces during th etime there is relative movement between the workpieces from the start of the welding until the application of the forge force. fig b.44 and b.45. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A gas, when mixed with air or oxygen and ignited, producing heat for cutting, joining, or thermal spraying. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fillet weld equal in size to the thickness of the thinner member joined. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process in which assemblies are heated to the brazing temperature in a furnace. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A soldering process using heat from a furnace or oven. |
|
|
Term
Fused Flux
submerged arc welding |
|
Definition
| A granular flux produced by mixing the ingredients followed by melting, cooling to the solid state and processing to produce the desired particle size. see agglomerated flux and bonded flux. |
|
|
Term
| Fused Thermal Spray Deposit |
|
Definition
| A self-fluxing thermal spray deposit subsequently heated to coalescence withing itself and with the substrate using the sprayfuse thermal spraying technique. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for fusion zone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for fusion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The melting together of filler metal and base metal, or of base metal only, to produce a weld. see depth of fusion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A surface of the base metal melted during welding. see fig b.30 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any welding process using fusion of the base metal to make the weld. fig a.1, a.3, and a.4. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The area of base metal melted as determined on the cross section of a weld. fig b.30. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for arc length, joint clearance, and root opening. |
|
|
Term
| Gas Carbon Arc Welding (CAW-G) |
|
Definition
| A carbon ace welding process variation employing a shielding gas. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. table a.5. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A portable container used for transportation and storage of compressed gas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Equipment produceing a gas for joining or cutting.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A laser in which the lasing medium is a gas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One or mor efine mesh screans located in the gas nozzle to produce a stable stream of shielding gas. This device is primarily used for gas tungsten arc welding. |
|
|
Term
| Gas Metal Arc Cutting (GMAC) |
|
Definition
| An arc cutting process employing a continuous consumable electrode and a shielding gas. |
|
|
Term
| Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) |
|
Definition
| An arc welding process using an arc between a continous filler metal electrode and the weld pool. The process is used with shielding from an externally supplied gas and without the application of pressure. fig b.38a and b.39. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device at the exit end of th etorch or gun that directs shielding gas. fig b.35, b.36, b.38a, b.39a, and b.39c. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device for controlling the delivery of gas at some substantially constant pressure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Group of process including electrogas welding, flux cored arc welding, gas metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, and plasma arc welding. |
|
|
Term
| Gas Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW-G) |
|
Definition
| A Flux cored arc welding process variation in which shielding gas is supplied through the gas nozzle in addition to that obtained from the flux within the electrode. |
|
|
Term
| Gas Tungsten Arc Cutting (GTAC) |
|
Definition
| An arc cutting process employing a single tungsten electrode with gas shielding. |
|
|
Term
| Gas Tungsten Arc Cutting Torch |
|
Definition
| A device used to transfer current to a fixed cutting electrode, position the electrode, and direct the flow of shielding gas. |
|
|
Term
| Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) |
|
Definition
| An arc welding process using an arc between a tungsten electrode (non-consumable) and the weld pool. The process is used with shielding gas and without the application of pressure. fig b.36. |
|
|
Term
| Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Torch |
|
Definition
| A device used to transfer current to a fixed welding electrode, position the electrode, and direct the flow of shielding gas. fig b.36. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A material, such as hot titanium or zirconium, used to purify vacuum or inert gas atmospheres by absorbing or reacting iwth impuritities. |
|
|
Term
Globular Transfer
gas metal arc welding |
|
Definition
| The transfer of molten metal in large drops from a consumable electrode across the arc. fig b.39a. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Protective glasses equipped with filter plates set in a frame fitting snugly against the face andused primarily with oxyfuel gas processes. |
|
|
Term
| Gradated Thermal Spray Deposit |
|
Definition
| A composite thermal spray deposit composed of mixed materials in successive layers progressively changing in composition from the substrate to the surface of the thermal spray deposit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The included angle between the groove faces of a weld groove. fig b.6. see bevel angle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any surface in a weld groove prior to welding. fig b.5. see bevel face and root face. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in a weld groove on a workpiece surface, between workpiece edges, between workpiece surfaces, or between workpiece edges and surface. fig b.8, b.9, b.17, b.19, and b.21a |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Joint penetration of a groove weld. fig b.26. |
|
|
Term
Groove and Rotary Roughening
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| A method of surface preparation in which grooves are made and the original surface is roughened and spread. fig b.43d. see knurling, rotary roughening, and threading and knurling. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An electrical connection of the welding machine frame to the earth for safety. fig b.34. see workpiece connection and workpiece lead. |
|
|
Term
Groverning Metal Thickness
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The workpiece thickness on which the required weld nugget size and depth of fusion are based. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The extension tube attached in form of the thermal spraying gun to permit spraying within confined areas or deep recesses. |
|
|
Term
Hammering
resistance spot welding |
|
Definition
| Excessive electrode impact on the surface of the workpiece during the welding cycle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A protective device used in arc cutting, arc welding, and thermal spraying, for shielding the eyes, face, and neck. It is equipped iwth a filter plate and is designed to be held by had. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A surfacing variation in which surfacing material is depostied to reduce wear. see buildup, buttering, and cladding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The various material, joint, and welding conditions determining the welding heat pattern in the joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The energy applied to the workpiece during welding. see heat input rate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The heat input per unit length of weld. see heat input. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The shape of the heat distribution in a material resulting from the application of heat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The duration of any one impulse in multiple-impulse welding or resistance seam welding. fig b.48b and b.49. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The portion of base metal whose mechanical properties or microstructure have been altered by the heat of welding, brazing, soldering or thermal cutting. fig b.24g. see base metal zone and weld metal zone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A crack occuring in the heat-affected Zone. fig b.33. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The opening in a thermite mold through which the workpieces are preheated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A description of the manner in which some heat source is applied for joining, cutting, thermal spraying, preheating, postheating, or thermal forming to produce a heat pattern. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device for directing the heating flame produced by the controlled comustion of fuel gases. |
|
|
Term
| Hermetically Sealed Container |
|
Definition
| A container closed in a manner to provide a nonpermeable barrier to the passage of air or gas in either direction. |
|
|
Term
| High Energy Beam Cutting (HEBC) |
|
Definition
| A group of thermal cutting processes severing or removing material by localized melting, burning or vaporizing of the workpieces using beams having high energy densities. fig a.1 |
|
|
Term
| High Frequencey Seam Welding (RSEW-HF) |
|
Definition
| A resistance seam welding process variation in which welding current of at least 10 kHz is supplied through electrodes in the workpieces. fig b.52c. |
|
|
Term
High Pulse Current
pulsed power welding |
|
Definition
| The current during the high pulse time producing the high heat level. fig b.53. |
|
|
Term
High Pulse Current
pulsed power welding |
|
Definition
| The current during the high pulse time producing the high heat level. fig b.53. |
|
|
Term
| High Vacuum Electron Beam Welding (EBW-HV) |
|
Definition
| An electron beam welding process variation in which welding is accomplished at a pressure of 10-4 to 10-1 pascals. |
|
|
Term
| High Velocity Oxyfuel Spraying (HVOF) |
|
Definition
| A thermal spraying process using a high pressure oxyfuel mixture to heat an dpropel a powered surfacing material to a substrate. |
|
|
Term
| High-Frequency Resistance Welding |
|
Definition
| A group of resistance welding process variaitons using welding current of at least 10 kHz to concentrate the welding heat at the desired location. fig b.52. |
|
|
Term
| High-Frequency Upset Welding (UW-HF) |
|
Definition
| An upset weldig process variaion in which welding curren of at least 10kHz is supplied through electrodes in to the workpieces. fig b.52a, b.52b, and b.52d. |
|
|
Term
Hold Time
projection welding
resistance seam welding
reistance spot welding |
|
Definition
The duration of electrode force applicaiton at the end of the welding cycle to permit soldifiction of the weld. fig b.49 and b.50.
|
|
|
Term
Horizontal Welding Position
fillet weld |
|
Definition
| The welding position in which the weld is on the upper side of an approximately horizontal surface and against an approximately veritical surface. fig b.16b, b.18b, b20b, and b.20c. |
|
|
Term
Horizontal Welding Position
grove weld |
|
Definition
| The welding position in which the weld face lies in a pproximately vertical plan and the weld axis at the point fo welding is approximately haorizontal. fig b.16a, b.16c, b.17b, and b.19b. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An extension fo the arm of a resistance welding machine transmitting the electrode force, usually conducts the welding current, and may support the workpiece. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A crack occurring in a metal during solidification or at elevated temperatures. Hot cracks can occur in both heat-affected (HAZ) and weld metal zones (WMZ). see cold crack. |
|
|
Term
| Hot Isostatic Pressure Welding (HIPW) |
|
Definition
| A diffusion welding process variation producing coalescence of metals by heating and applying hot inert gas under pressure. |
|
|
Term
| Hot Pressure Welding (HPW) |
|
Definition
| A solid-state welding process producing a weld with heat and application of pressure sufficient to produce macro deformation of the workpieces. see cold welding, diffusion welding, and forge welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A very brief current pulse at arc initiation to stabilize the arc quickly. fig b.53 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A variation of a fussion welding process in which a filler metal wire is resistance heated by current flowing through the wire as it is fed into the weld pool. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The combination of two or more welding processes applied concurrently to produce a weld bead or nugget. |
|
|
Term
Impulse
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| A group of pulses occuring on a regular frequency separated only by an interpulse time. fig b.48 - b.50. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Entrapped foreign sold material, such as slag, flux, tungsten, or oxide. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Entrapped foreign sold material, such as slag, flux, tungsten, or oxide. |
|
|
Term
Incomplete Coalescence
solid-state welding |
|
Definition
| A weld discontinuity in which complete joining of joint faying surfaces has not been achieved. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld discontinuity in which fusion did not occur between the weld metal and the fusion faces or the adjoining weld beads. fig b.29. see complete fusion. |
|
|
Term
| Incomplete Joint Penetration (IJP) |
|
Definition
| A joint root condition in a groove weld in which weld metal does not exten through the joint thickness. fig b.26. |
|
|
Term
Indirect Welding
projection welding
resistance seam welding
resistance spot welding |
|
Definition
| A secondary circuit variation in which the welding current is directed to the weld zone through the workpieces from application points away from the weld zone. fig b.47d -g |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An electrical device used to convert line frequency into high frequency for induction heating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Brazing process using heat from the reistance of the assembly to the induced electric current. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Electrical conductor transmitting high-frequency energy form an induction power sourcde to a metallic workpiece to creat localized heating. fig b.52e |
|
|
Term
| Induction Seam Welding (RSEW-I) |
|
Definition
| A resistance seam welding process variation in which high-frequency welding current is induced in the workpieces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A soldering process in which the heat required is obtained from the resistance of the workpieces to induced electric current. |
|
|
Term
| Induction Upset welding (UW-I) |
|
Definition
| An upset welding process variation in which high-frequency welding current is induced in the workpieces. fig b.52e |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance welding process variaiton in which heat results from the resistance of the workpieces to the flow of induced high-frequency welding current, with or without the applicaiton of pressure. fig b.52. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The inductor used when welding, brazing, or soldering with induction heating equipment. fig b.52e |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A gas that does not react chemically with materials. see protective atmosphere. |
|
|
Term
| Inertia Friction Welding (FRW-I) |
|
Definition
| A variation of friction welding in which the energy required to make the weld is supplied primarily by the stored rotational kinetic energy of the welding machine. fig b.44. see direct drive friction welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process using heat from infrared radiation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Electromagnetic energy with wave lengths from 770 nonometers to 12,000 nanometers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A soldering process in which the heat required is furnished by infrared radiaiton. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The current after starting, but before establishment of welding current. fig b.53. |
|
|
Term
Insulating Nozzle
shelf-shielded flux cored arc welding |
|
Definition
| A device at the exit end of the welding gun protection the contact tip form spatter and possibly increasing the electrode extension while maintaining a shorter stickout. fig b.38b. |
|
|
Term
| Intergranular Penetration |
|
Definition
The penetration of liquied metal along the grain boundaries of a base metal.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A soldering flux with a residue that generally does not attack the base metal. The original composition may be corrosive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld bead resulting from an intermediate weld pass. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A single progression of welding along a joint subsequent to the root pass(es) and prior to the cover pass(es). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in which continuity is interruped by recurring unwelded spaces. fig b.23g-i. |
|
|
Term
Interpass Temperature
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| In multipass thermal spraying, the temperature of the thermal spray area between thermal spray passes. |
|
|
Term
Interpass Temperature
welding |
|
Definition
| In a multipass weld, the temperature of the weld area between weld passes. |
|
|
Term
Interpulse Time
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The time between successive pulses of current within the same impulse. fig b.48. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A primary bond arising form the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely chared iron. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An edge shape formed by the combinaiton of a bevel with a bevel radius. fig b.7d and b.7e. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of groove weld. fig 8.bf and b.d. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any process used for connectiong materials. fig a.1 and a.6 |
|
|
Term
Joint Clearance
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| The distance between the faying surfaces of a joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The shape, dimensions, and configuration of the joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ratio of the strength of a joint to the strength of the base metal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A metal plate inserted between the splice mamber and thinner joint member to accommodate joint members of dissimilar thickness in a spliced butt joint. fig b.3b. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The shape, dimensions, and configuration of a joint prior to joining. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance the weld metal extends from the weld face into a joint, exclusive of weld reinforcement. fig b.26. see grove weld size. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A function of an adaptive control determining changes in joint geomertry during welding and directing the welding equipment to take approprate action. see joint tracking and weld recognition. |
|
|
Term
Joint Remelt Temperature
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| The temperature to which a brazed or soldered joint must be raised in order to remelt the braze metal or solder metal. The joint remelt temperature may be highter than the original process temperature. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The portion of a joint to be welded where the members approach closest to each other. In cross section, the joint root may be either a point, a line or an area. fig b.4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A metal part, such as a strip, bar, or ring, inserted in the joint root to serve as a backing and to maintain the root opening during welding. fig b.24f. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A function of an adaptive control determinig changes in joint location during welding and directing the welding machine to take appropriate action. see joint recognition and weld recognition. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld joint classification based on the relative orientation fo the members being joined . The five basic joint types are the butt, corner, edge, lap and T-joint. fig b.1 and b.2. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The gap produced by a cutting process. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A technique in which a concentrated heat source penetrates partially or completely through a workpiece, forming a hole (keyhole) at the leading edge of the weld pool. As the heat source progresses, the molten metal fills in behind the hole to form the weld bead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The supporting sutructure of the lower arm or platen of a resistance welding machine. |
|
|
Term
Knurling
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
A method of surface roughening in which the surface is upset with an knurling tool.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A subsurface terrace and step-like crack in the base metal with a basic orientation parallel to the wrought surface caused by tensile stresses in the through-thickness direction of the base metals weakined by the presence of small dispersed, planar-shaped, nonmetallic inclusions parallel to the metal surface. fig b.33b. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint type in which the nonbutting ends of one or more workpieces overlap approximately parallel to one another. fig b.1d, b.2d, and b.52c. see skeweed joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device producing a concentrated coherent light beam by stimulted electronci or molecular transitions to lowe energy levels, Laser is an acronym for "light amplificaion by simulated emission of radiation." |
|
|
Term
| Laser Beam Air Cutting (LBC-A) |
|
Definition
| A laser beam cutting process variation melting the workpiece and using an air jet to remove molten and vaporized meterial. |
|
|
Term
| Laser Beam Braze Welding (LBBW) |
|
Definition
| A braze welding process variation using a laser beam as the heat source. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process using a laser beam as the heat source. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thermal cutting process severing metal by locally melting or vaporizing it with the heat from a laser beam. The process is used with or without assist gas to aid the removeal of molten and vaporized material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The diameter of a laser beam circular cross section at the specified location along the laser beam axis. |
|
|
Term
| Laser Beam Evaporative Cutting (LBC-EV) |
|
Definition
| A laser beam cutting process variation vaporizing the workpiece, with or without an assist gas, typically inert gas, to aid the removeal of vaporized material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A combination of optical elements that will increase the diamerter of a laser beam. |
|
|
Term
| Laser Beam Inert Gas Cutting (LBC-IG) |
|
Definition
| A laswer beam cutting process variation melting the workpiece and using an inert assist gas to remmove molten and vaporized material. |
|
|
Term
| Laser Beam Oxygen Cutting (LBC-O) |
|
Definition
| A laser beam cutting process variation using heat from the chemical reaction between oxygen and the base metal at elevated temperatures. The neccessary temperature is maintained with a laser beam. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An optical device using controlled reflection to produce two beams from a sigle incident beam. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A welding process producing coalescence with the heat from a laser beam impinging on the joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A meterial emitting coherent radiation by virtue of stimulated electronic or molecular transitions to lower energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A stratum of weld metal consisting of one or more weld beads. fig b.23d and e |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spooled or coiled filler metal would in distinct layers with adjacent turns touching. see random wound |
|
|
Term
Lightly Coated Electrode
shielded metal arc welding |
|
Definition
| A filler metal electrode consisting of a metal wire with a light coating applied subsequent to the drawing operation, primarily for stabilizing the arc. This is an obsolete or seldom used term. see covered electrode. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A discontinuity with a length substantially greater than it width. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test result in which a discontinuity in the material being tested is diplayed as a liner or aligned array. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for aligned porosity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The partial melting of compositional heterogeneities such as banding or inclusion stringers in heated base metal or heat-affected zones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The separation of a low-melting constituent of brazing filler metal from the remaining constituents, usually apparent in brazing filler metals having a wide melting range. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The lowest temperature at which a metal is completely liquid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Preheating a specific portion of a structure. |
|
|
Term
| Local Stress Relief Heat Treatment |
|
Definition
| Stress relief heat treatment of a specific portion of a structure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An increased length of electrode extension for the purpose of increasing electrical resistance to assure enhanced flux activation to provide adequate shielding (FCAW-S) or increased weld deposition rate. fig b.38b |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A crack approximately parallel to the joint axis or the weld axis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The order in which the weld passes of a continuous weld are made with respect to its length. fig b.23a - c. |
|
|
Term
| Longitudinal Weld Test Specimen |
|
Definition
| A weld test specimen with its major axis parallel to the weld axis. |
|
|
Term
Low Pulse Current
pulsed power welding |
|
Definition
| The current during the low pulse time producing the low heat level. fig b.52. |
|
|
Term
Low Pulse Time
pulsed power welding |
|
Definition
| The duraiton of the low current pulse. fig b.52 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for flux cored arec welding or gas metal arc welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test in which a specimen is prepared with a fine finish, etched, and examined using no magnification or low magnificaiton. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An metallographic examination in which a surface is examined using o magnifiction or low magnificaiton. |
|
|
Term
| Magnetically Impelled Arc Welding (MIAW) |
|
Definition
| An arc welding process in which an arc is created between the butted ends of tubes and propelled around the weld joint by a magnetic field, followed by an upseting operation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Manual Gun
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| A resistance welding gun configured for mainpulation by hand. see manual transgun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An operation whit the torch, gun, or electrode holder helad and manipulated by hand. Accessory equipment, such as part motion devices and handheld filler material feeders my be used. table a.4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Manual Thermal Cutting (TC-MA) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Manual Thermal Spraying (TS-MA) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Manual Transgun
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| A transgun configured for manipulation by hand. see manual gun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the control of aprocess with the torch, gun, or electrode holder held and manipulated my had. Accessory equipment, such as part motion devices and handeld material feeders my be used. table a.4. |
|
|
Term
| Mash Seam Welding (RSEW-MS) |
|
Definition
| A resistance seam welding process variation producing a solil-state seld using electrodes extending byond the joint overlap. The resulting joint thickness is less than the original assebled thickness. fig b.30g |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device for protecting a substrate surface from the effects fo blasting or adherence of a thermal spray deposit. |
|
|
Term
Mechanical Bond
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| The adherence of a thermal spray deposit to a roughened surface by the mechanism of particle interlocking. |
|
|
Term
Mechanically Mixed Flux
submerged arec welding |
|
Definition
| A flux produced by intentionally mixing two or more types of fluxes. |
|
|
Term
| Mechanized Brazing (B-ME) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanized Process (XXXX-ME) |
|
Definition
| An operation with equipment requiring manual adjustment by an operator in response to visual observation, with the torch, gun, wire guide assembly, or electrode holder held by a mechanical device. table a.4 |
|
|
Term
| Mechanized Soldering (S-ME) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanized Thermal Cutting (TC-ME) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanized Thermal Spraying (TS-ME) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanized Welding (W-ME) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the control of a process with equipment that requires manual adjustment by an operator in response to visual observation, with the torch, gun, wire guide assembly, or electrode holder held by a mechanical divice. table a.4 |
|
|
Term
| Medium Vacuume Electron Beam Welding (EBW-MV) |
|
Definition
| An electron beam welding process variation in which welding is accomplished at a pressure of 10-1 pascal to 3 x 103 pascal. |
|
|
Term
Melt-In Feed
gas tungsten arc welding
oxyfuel gas welding
plasma arc welding |
|
Definition
| A process variation in which filler metal is prepladced or continuously fed into the leading edge of the weld pool. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Visible root reinforcement in a joint welded from one side. fig b.27. see root reinforcement and root surface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time interval at the end of crater fill time to arc outage during which electrode feed is stopped. fig b.54 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The temperature range between solidus and liquidus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The weight or length of electrode, wire, rod, or powder melted in a unit of time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An opaque, lustrous, elemental chemical substance that is a good conductor of heat and electricity, usually malleable, ductile, and more dense than other elemetal substance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A composite tubular filler metal electrode consisting of a metal sheath and a core of various powdered materials, producing no more than slag islands on th eface of a weld bead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A filler or nonfiller matal electrode used in arc welding and cutting that consists of a metal wire or rod manufactured by any method and either bare or covered. |
|
|
Term
| Metal Powder Cutting (OC-P) |
|
Definition
An oxygen cutting process using heat from an oxyfuel gas flame, with iron or other metal powder to aid cutting.
|
|
|
Term
Metal Transfer Mode
gass metal arc welding |
|
Definition
| The manner in which molten metal travels form the end of a consumable electrode across the welding arc to the workpiece. see globular transfer, pulsed spray transfer, rotational spray transfer, short circuiting transfer, and spray transfer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A dip brazing process variation in which the coponents to be joined are placed in bath of molten brazing filler metal. see chemical-bath dip brazing and salt-bath dip brazing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The primary bond holding metals together, arising form the increased spacing of valence electrons when an aggregate of metal atoms are in close proximity. see bonding force, covalent bond, ionic bond, and mechanical bond. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for thermal spraying or the application of a metal coating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for metallic bond. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test in which the specimen is prepared with a polished finish, etched, and examined under high magnificaiton. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A metallographic examination in whch aprepared surface is examined at high magnificaiton. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The portion of the weld metal consisting of a mixture of base metal and filler metal. see unmixed zone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of a welding or cutting torch in which a fuel gas and oxygen are mixed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for backing shoe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A backing shoe sliding along th ejoint during welding. see stationary shoe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fusion weld produced by more than one progression of the arc, flame or energy source along the joint. |
|
|
Term
| Multiple Welding position. |
|
Definition
| An orientation for a non-rotated circumferential joint requiring welding in more than one welding position. see 5F, 5G, 6F, 6G, and 6GR. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A constricting nozzle of the plasma arc torch containing two or more orifices locatied in configuration to achieve some control over the arc shape. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for narrow groove welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A variation of a welding process using multiple-pass welding with filler metal. The use of a small root opening, with iether a square groove or a V-groove and a small groove angle, yields a weld with a high ratio of depth to width. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An oxyfuel gas flame that is neither oxidizing nor reducing. fig b.40b. see carburizing flame, oxidizing flame, and reducing flame. |
|
|
Term
Neutral Flux
submerged arc welding |
|
Definition
| A flux formulated to produce a weld metal composition that is not dependent on the welding parameters, especially arc voltage. see active flux and alloy flux. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint member free to move in any direction perpendicular to its thickness dimention. For examble, both members of a lap joint, or one meber of a T-joint or corner joint. fig b.11. see butting member. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An electrode that does not provide filler metal. fig b.35 and b.36. |
|
|
Term
Noncorrosive Flux
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| A flux in either its original or residual form that does not chemically attack the base metal. |
|
|
Term
| Nondestructive Examination (NDE) |
|
Definition
| The act of determining the suitability of a meterial or component for its intended purpose using techniques not affecting its serviceability. |
|
|
Term
| Nonsynchronous Initiation. |
|
Definition
| The closing of the resistance welding contractor without regard to the polarity reversal of the power supply. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arc established between the electrode and the constructing nozzle of the plasma arc torch or thermal spraying gun. The workpiece is not in the electrical circuit. see transferred arc. |
|
|
Term
| Nonvacuume Electron Beam Welding (EBW-NV) |
|
Definition
An electron beam welding process variaiton in which welding is accomplished at atmospheric pressure.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device att he exit end of the gun that directs the atomizing air or other gas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device at the exit end of the gun that directs and forms the flow shape of atomized spray particles and the accompanying air or other gases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Filler metal or surfacing material deposited on th einner surface and on the exit end of the nozzle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The weld metal zone in a spot, seam, or projection weld. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The interval between welding cycles when operaton in a repeat mode. fig b.50. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A dip soldering variaiton using heat from a bath of heated oil. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used of a butt joint with a root opening and with no backing. see open root joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The voltage between the output termainals of the power source when the rated primary voltage is applied and no current is flowing in the secondary circuit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for open root joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for open root joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An unwelded joint without bakcing or consumable insert. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The gas directed into the plasma arc torch or thermal spraying gun to surround the electrode. It becomes ionized in the arc to form the arc plasma and issues from the constricting orifice of the nozzle as a plasma jet. fig b.35. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The length of the constricting oriface in th eplasma arc torch or thermal spraying gun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An alternating pattern of motion relative to the direction of travel in a welding, brazing, soldering, thermal cutting, or thermal spraying process device. see weaving and whipping. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for furnace soldering. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for extension. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| see overhead welding postion. |
|
|
Term
| Overhead Welding Posistion |
|
Definition
| The welding position in which welding is performed from the underside of the joint. fig b.16a - c, b.17d, b.18d, and b.20d. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for incomplete fusion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The protrusion of weld metal beyond the weld toe or weld roo. fig b.32c and b.32d. |
|
|
Term
Overlap
resistance seam welding |
|
Definition
| The portion of the preceding weld nugget remelted by the succeeding weld fig b.14d and b.30e |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for surfacing. |
|
|
Term
Overspray
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| The portion of the termal spray deposit not deposited on the workpiece. |
|
|
Term
| Oxyacetylene Cutting (OFC-A) |
|
Definition
| An oxyfuel gass cutting process variation employing acetylene as the fuel gas. |
|
|
Term
| Oxyacetylene Welding (OAW) |
|
Definition
| An oxyfuel gas welding process employing acetylene as the fuel gas. The process is used without the applicaiton of pressure. fig b.40. |
|
|
Term
| Oxyfuel Gas Cutting (OFC) |
|
Definition
| A group of oxygen cutting processes using heat form an oxyguel gas flame. see oxyacetylen cutting, oxyhydrogen cutting, oxynatural gas cutting, and oxypropane cutting. |
|
|
Term
| Oxyfuel Gas Cutting Torch |
|
Definition
| A device used for directing the preheating flame produced byh the controlled combustion of fuel gases and to direct and control the cutting oxygen. |
|
|
Term
| Oxyfuel Gas Welding (OFW) |
|
Definition
| A group of welding processes producing coalescence of workpieces by heating them with an oxyfuel gas flame. The processes are used with or without the applicaion of pressure and with or without filler metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One who performs oxyfuel gass cutting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An oxygen cutting process using an arc between the workpiece and a consumable tubular electrode through which oxygen is directed to the workpiece. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of thermal cutting processes severing or removeing metal by means of the chemical reaction between oxygen and the base metal at elevated temperature. The necessary temperature is maintained by the heat from an arc, an oxyfuel gas flame, or another source. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thermal gouging using an oxygen cutting process variaiton to form a bevel or groove. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A length of pipe used to convey oxygen to the point of cutting in oxygen lance cutting. |
|
|
Term
| Oxygen Lance Cutting (OLC) |
|
Definition
| An oxygen cutting process employing oxygen supplied through a consumable lance. Preheat to start the cutting is obtained by other means. |
|
|
Term
| Oxyhydrogen Cutting (OFC-H) |
|
Definition
| An oxyfuel gas cutting process variation employing hydrogen as the fuel gas. |
|
|
Term
| Oxyhydrogen Welding (OHW) |
|
Definition
| An oxyfuel gas welding process employing hydrogen as the fuel gas. The process is used without the application of pressure. |
|
|
Term
| Oxynatural Gas Cutting (OFC-N) |
|
Definition
| An oxyfuel gas cutting process variation employing natural gas as the fuel gas. |
|
|
Term
| Oxypropane Cutting (OFC-P) |
|
Definition
| An oxyfuel gas cutting process variation employing propane as the fuel gas. |
|
|
Term
Parallel Welding
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| A secondary circuit variaiton in which the welding current is conducted throught the workpieces in parallel electrical paths to form multiple resistance spot, seam, or projection welds simultaneously. fig b.46a and b46b. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for base metal or substrate. |
|
|
Term
| Partial Joint Penetration Weld |
|
Definition
| A groove weld in which incomplete joint penetration exits. fig b.26a - e and b.26h - j. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A destructive testing method mechanically separating a lap joint by peeling. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The mechanical working of metals using impact blows. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for depth of fusion, joint penetration, or root penetration. |
|
|
Term
Penetration-Enhancing Flux
gas tungsten arc welding |
|
Definition
| A material applied to the base metal surface adjacent to the weld joint prior to gas tungsten arc welding resulting in increased weld penetration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for Ferrite Number. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A low current arc between the electrode and the constricting nozzle of the plasma arc torch to ionize the gas and facilitate the start of the welding arc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of porosity having a length greater than its width that lies approximately perpendicular to the weld face. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arc cutting process employing a constricted arc and removing molten metal with a high-velocity jet of ionized gas issuing from the constriction orifice. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device used to transfer current to a fixed cutting electrode, position the electrode, and direct the flow of shielding gas and orifice gas. fig b.35. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thermal gouging process using heat from a constricted arc and the force of an orifice gas. see carbon arc gouging and oxygen gouging. fig a.2. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arc welding process employing a constrictied arc between a nonconsumable electrode and the weld pool (transferred arc) or between the electrode and the constricting nozzle (nontransferred arc). Shielding is obtained from the ionized gas issuing from the torch, which may be supplemented by an auxiliary source of shielding gas. The process is used without the application of pressure. see hot wire welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device used to transfer current to a fixed welding electrode, position the electrode, and direct the flow of shielding gas and orifice gas. fig b.35. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thermal spraying process in which a nontransferred are isused to creat an arc plasma for melting and propelling the surfaceing material to the substrate. |
|
|
Term
Platen
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| A component of the secondary circuit with a flat mounting surface to which electrodes, fixtures, or electrode holders are attached, and which transmits the electrode or upset force. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance between adjacent platen surfaces in a resistance welding machine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The place between the electrode and the inside wall of the constricting nozzle of the plasma arc torch or thermal spraying gun. fig b.35.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld made in a circular hole in one member of a joint fusing that member to another member. A fillet-welded hole is not to be construed as conforming to this definition. fig b.15e. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The diameter of the weld metal in the plane of the faying surfaces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for push welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Direct Current Electrode Nagative and Direct Current Electrode Positive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cavity-type discontinuities formed by gas entrapment during solidification or in a thermal spray deposit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A measure of the relative ease of application of a welding filler metal to make a sound weld in a given welding position and progression.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time interval from current shut-off to either the shielding gas or the cooling water shut-off. fig b.53 and b.54. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The application of heat to an assemmbly after brazing, soldering, thermal spraying, thermal cutting, or welding. |
|
|
Term
Postweld Interval
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The duration from the end of the weld interval through the hold time. fig b.49. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A mixture of two or more alloy, metal, or nonmetal powders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two or more different materials combined to form a single particle, formed by either chemical coating or mechanical agglomeration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The quantitiy of powder fed to a thermal spraying gun or a cutting torch per unit of time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device for supplying powdered material for thermal cutting, thermal spraying or welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A flame spraying process variation in which the surfacing material is in powder form. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An apparatus for supplying current and voltage suitable for welding, thermal cutting, or thermal spraying. |
|
|
Term
Precoating
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| The application of a filler metal to components prior to assembly and joining. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A welding process production coalescence with an arc resulting from a rapid discharge of electrical energy. Pressure is applied percussively during or immediately following the electrical discharge. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time interval between start of shielding gas flow and arc starting. fig b.53 and b.54. |
|
|
Term
Preform
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| Filler metal in a shape suitable for preplacement within or adjacent to the joint prior to application of heat. |
|
|
Term
Preheat Current
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| An impulse or series fo impulses occurring prior to and separated from the welding current. fig b.49. |
|
|
Term
Preheat Temperature
thermal cutting |
|
Definition
| The temperature of the base material in the volume surrounding the point of thermal cutting immediately befgore thermal cutting is started. |
|
|
Term
Preheat Temperature
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| The temperature of the substrate in the volume surrounding the point of thermal spraying immediately before thermal spraying is started. In a multipass thermal spraying, it is also the temperature immediately before the second and subsequent passes are started. |
|
|
Term
Preheat Temperature
welding |
|
Definition
| The temperature ofthe base material in the volume surrounding the point of welding immediately before welding is started. In a multipass weld, it is also the temeprature immediately before the second and subsequent passes are started. |
|
|
Term
Preheat Time
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The duration of preheat current flow during the preweld interval. fig b.49 |
|
|
Term
Preheat temperature
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| The temperature of the base material in the volume surrounding the joint immediately before brazing or soldering is started. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The heat applied to the workpiece(s) to attain and maintain the preheat temperature prior to joining thermal cutting, or thermal spraying. |
|
|
Term
| Prequalified Welding Procedure Specification (PWPS) |
|
Definition
| A welding procedure specfication in compliance with the stipulated conditions fo a particular welding code or specification and therefore acceptable for use under that code or specificaiton without a requirement for qualification testing. |
|
|
Term
| Pressure Gas Welding (PGW) |
|
Definition
| An oxyfuel gas welding process producing a weld simultaneously over the entire faying surfaces. The process is used with the application of pressure and without filler metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for cold welding, diffusion welding, forge welding, hot pressure welding, pressure gas welding, and solidstate welding. |
|
|
Term
| Pressure-Controlled Resistance Welding (RW-PC) |
|
Definition
| A resistance welding process variation in which a number of spot or projection welds are made with several electrodes functioning progressively under the control of a pressure-sequencing device. |
|
|
Term
Preweld Interval
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The elapsed time between the initiation of the squeeze time and the beginning of the weld time or weld interval time. fig b.49. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The detailed elements of a proces or method used to produce a specific result. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The demonstration that the use of prescribed joining processes, materials, and techniques will result in a joint exhibiting specified soundness and mechanical properties. |
|
|
Term
| Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) |
|
Definition
| See brazing procedure qualificaiton record and welding procedure qualification record. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A grouping of basic operational elements used in brazing, soldering, thermal cutting, thermal spraying, or welding. fig a.1 and a.2. |
|
|
Term
| Progressive Block Sequence |
|
Definition
| A block sequence in which successive blocks are completed progressively along the weld, either from one end to the other or from an intermediate location of the weld toward either end. see selective block sequence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The nuggent dimension(s) in the plane of the faying surfaces. fig b.25f. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance welding process in which the weld size, shape, and placement is determined by the presence of a projection, embossment, or intersection in one overlapping member which serves to localize the applied heat and ofrce. see cross wire welding. fig b.30f. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A gas or vacuume envelope present during joining, thermal cutting, or thermal spraying used to prevent or reduce the formation of oxides and other detrimental survace substances and facilitiate their removel. see backing gas, inert gas, reducing atmosphere, and shielding gas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for weld pool. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for an arc spot weld or plug weld. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for backhand welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for multiple-impoulse welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A single-polarity half cycle of alternating welding current. fig b.48 and b.49. |
|
|
Term
| Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW-P) |
|
Definition
| A gas metal arc welding process variaiton in which the current is pulsed. see pulsed power welding. |
|
|
Term
| Pulsed Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW-P) |
|
Definition
| A gas tungsten arc welding process variation in which the current is pulsed. see pulsed power welding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arc welding process variaiton in which the welding power source is programmed to cycle between low and high power levels. |
|
|
Term
Pulsed Spray Transfer
gas metal arc welding |
|
Definition
| A variation of spray transfer in which the welding power is cycled from a low level to a high level, at which point spray transfer is attained, resulting in a lower average voltage and current. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arc welding process variation in which pulsed spray transfer occurs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The introduction of a gas to remove contaminants from a system or provide backing during welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The travel angle when the electrode is pointing in the direction of weld progression. This angle can also be used to partially define the position of guns, torches, rods, and beams. fig b.21. see drag angle, forehand welding, travel angle, and work angle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance welding process variation in which spot or projection welds are produced by manually applying force to one electrode. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| see procedure qualification and welder performance qualification. |
|
|
Term
Quench Time
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The duration from the end of the weld interval or downslope time to the beginning of the temper time, during which no current flows through the workpieces and the weld is rapidly colled by the electrodes. fig b.49. |
|
|
Term
| Random Intermaittent Welds |
|
Definition
| Intermitten welds on one or both sides of a joint in which the weld segments are made without regard to spacing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Longitudinal sequence i which the weld bead segments are made at reandom. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spooled or coiled filler metal not would in distinct layers. see level would |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rate of Flame Propagation |
|
Definition
| See Flame Propagation Rate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A soldering process varitaion in which a reactive flux is used. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A stress that cannot exist in a member if the member isolated as a free body without connection to other parts of the structure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flux containing constituents reacting with the workpiec(s) during heating to contribute filer metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device used in arc welding circuits to minimize irregularities in the flow of the welding current. |
|
|
Term
Reconditioned Flux
submerged arc welding |
|
Definition
| Virgin or recycled flux processed for use or reuse. The processing may include screaning for particle sizing, removal of magnetic particles and bakeing to remove moisture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for recycled slag. |
|
|
Term
Recycled Flux
submerged arc welding |
|
Definition
| Unfused granular flux remaining after welding that has been recovered for reuse. see virgin flux |
|
|
Term
Recycled Slag
submerged arc welding |
|
Definition
| Fused slag remaining after welding that has been recovered and processed for reuse. |
|
|
Term
| Reduced Section Tension Test |
|
Definition
| A test in which a transverse section of the weld is located in the center of the reduced section of the specimen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of protective atmosphere that dissociates metal oxides at elevated temperatures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
An oxyfuel gas flame with an excess of fuel gas. fig b.20d
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A soldering process in which the filler metal, normally in the form of a paste or preform, is applied to the joint prior to the applicaiton of heat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for flow brightening. |
|
|
Term
Remelt Temperature
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| The temperature necessary to melt braze metal or solder metal in a completed joint. see joint remelt temperature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process using heat from the resistance to the electric current flow in a circuit that includes that assembly. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for flash welding and upset welding. |
|
|
Term
| Resistance Seam Weld Size |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Resistance Seam Welding (RSEW) |
|
Definition
| A resistance welding process producing a weld at the faying surfaces of overlapped parts progressively along a length of a joint. The weld may be make with overlapping weld nuggets, a continous weld nugget, or by forging the joint as it is heated to the welding temperature by resistance to the flow of the welding current. fig b.14d, b23i, b.30d, and b52. see high-frequency seam welding and induction seam welding. |
|
|
Term
| Resistance Soldering (RS) |
|
Definition
| A soldering process using heat from the resistance to the flow of electric current in a circuit containing the workpieces(s). |
|
|
Term
| Resistance Spot Weld Size |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Resistance Spot Welding (RSW) |
|
Definition
| A resistance welding process producing a spot weld. fig b.14e, b.14f, b.30d, and b.46-50. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of welding processes producing coalescence of the faying surfaces with the heat obtained from the resistance of the workpieces to the flow of the welding current in a circuit of which the workpieces form part and by the application of pressure. fig a.1 |
|
|
Term
| Resistance Welding Control |
|
Definition
| The device, usually electronic, determining the welding sequence and timing with regard tothe welding current waveforms, electrode or platen force or movement, and other operational conditions of a resistance welding machine. |
|
|
Term
| Resistance Welding Current |
|
Definition
| The current in the secondary circuit during the weld interval or weld time. fig b.42, b.49 and b.50. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance welding electrode matching the contour o fth eworkpiece to clamp or shape the workpieces and conduct welding current. |
|
|
Term
| Resistance Welding Downslope Time |
|
Definition
| The time during which the welding current is continuously decreased. fig b.49. |
|
|
Term
| Resistance Welding Electrode |
|
Definition
| The part of a secondary circuit responsisble for the transmission of welding current and force to the workpieces. The electrode may be in the form of a rotation wheel, rotating roll, bar, cylinder, plate, clamp, or modification thereof. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device used to apply electrode force and transfer welding current to the workpieces. It may be manipulatable or an element fo a welding machine. see manual gun, manual transgun, servogun, and robot gun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The duration fo welding current flow throujgh the workpieces in single-impulse welding. fig b.50, see weld interval. |
|
|
Term
| Resistance Welding Upslope Time |
|
Definition
| The time during which the welding current continously increases from the beginning of the welding interval. fig. b.49. |
|
|
Term
| Resistance Welding Voltage |
|
Definition
| The voltage between the resistance welding electrodes, measured across the workpieces. |
|
|
Term
| Resistance Welding Weld Time |
|
Definition
| The duration of welding current flow through the workpieces in single-impulse welding, fig b.50. see weld interval |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for backing shoe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for direct current electrode positive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance welding gun adapted for manipulation by a robot. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Robotic Process (XXXX-RO) |
|
Definition
| An operation with equipment that moves along a controlled path using controlled parameters with no manual intervention once a cycle is initiatied. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Robotic Thermal Cutting (TC-RO) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Robotic Thermal Spraying (TS-RO) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to process control with equipment that moves along a controlled path using controlled parameters with no manual intervention once a cycle is initiatied. table a.4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance seam welding process variation producing spot welds at intervals using one or more circular electrodes that are rotated continuously or intermittently |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solid-state welding process producing a weld by the application of heat and sufficient pressure with rolls to cause deformation at the fayhing surfaces. see forge welding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for overlap, fusion welding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for joint root or weld root. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld bead extending into or including part or all of the joint root. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test in which the weld root is on the convex surface of a specified bend radius. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A root face of zero width. fig b.5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The portion of the groove face within the joint root. fig b.5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An extension of the base metal adjacent to the root face in a bevel or J-edge shape beyond the bevel or bevel radius, respectively, to provide for improved weld penetration control or joint root access. fig b.13d. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for root opening. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A separation at the joint root between the workpieces. fig b.6a, b.6e, and b.25d. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld pass made to produce a root bead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance the weld metal extends into the joint root. fig b.26 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for bevel radius. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weld reinforcement opposite the side from which welding was done. fig b.24a. see face reinforcement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for backing gas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The exposed surface of a weld opposite the side from which welding was done. fig b.24b, b.27e and b27f. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Rotary Roughening
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| A method of surface roughening in which a revolving tool is pressed against the surface being prepared, while either the work or the tool, or both, move. fig b.43d. |
|
|
Term
Rotational Spray Transfer
gas metal arc welding |
|
Definition
| A variation of spray transfer in which a longer electrode extension and specialized gas mixtures are used to produce a helical pattern of very fine droplets. |
|
|
Term
Rough Threading
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| A method of surface roughening consisting of cutting threads with the sides and tops of the threads jagged and torn. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for abrasion soldering. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Additional material extending beyond the end of the joint, on which the weld is terminated. see starting weld tab and weld tab. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A variation of chemical-bath dip brazing using heat from a molten salt bath. see metal-bath dip brazing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A dip soldering variation using heat from a molten salt bath. see metal-bath dip soldering and oil-bath dip soldering. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazed assembly consisting of layers of dissimilar materials joined using preplaced brazing filler metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for bevel. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A groove formed by the assembly of butting members having single-bevel edge shapes with parallel grooves faces. fig b.13b. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for scarf groove. |
|
|
Term
Seal Coat
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| Material applied to infiltrate and close the pores of a thermal spray deposit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any weld intended primarily to provide a specific degree of tightness against leakage. |
|
|
Term
Seal-Bonding Material
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
A material partially formaing, in the as-sprayed condition, a metallic bond with the substrate.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for Joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A continuous weld produced between overlapping members with coalscence initiating and occurring at faying surfaces proceeding from the outer surface of one member. The weld can consistof either a weld bead, multiple overlapping nuggets, or a single nugget fgormed by the simultaneous applicaiton of resistance heating and force along the weld joint. fig b14 and b.52c |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The nugget width in the plane of the faying surfaces fig b.25f and b.25g |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The portion of the welding circuit conducting current between output terminals of the power source and electrodes or between eledtrodes and the workpiece. |
|
|
Term
Secondary Current Path
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The electrical path through which the welding current passes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A block sequence in which successive blocks are completed in an order selected to control residual stresses and distortion. see progressive block sequence |
|
|
Term
Self-Fluxing Alloy
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| A surfacing material wetting the substrate and coalescing when heated to its melting point, with no flux other than the boron and silicon contained in the alloy. |
|
|
Term
| Self-Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW-S) |
|
Definition
| A flux cored arc welding process variation in which shielding gas is obtained exclusively from the flux within the electrode. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pertaining to the manual application of a process with equipment controlling one or more of the process conditions. table a.4
|
|
|
Term
| Semiautomatic Brazing (B-SA) |
|
Definition
See semiautomatic process.
|
|
|
Term
| Semiautomatic Process (XXXX-SA) |
|
Definition
| An operation performed manually with equipment controlling one or more of the process conditions. table a.4 |
|
|
Term
| Semiautomatic Soldering (S-SA) |
|
Definition
| See semiautomatic process. |
|
|
Term
| Semiautomatic Thermal Cutting (TC-SA) |
|
Definition
| See semiautomatic process. |
|
|
Term
| Semiautomatic Thermal Spraying (TA-SA) |
|
Definition
| See semiautomatic process. |
|
|
Term
| Semiautomatic Welding (W-SA) |
|
Definition
| See semiautomatic process. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint in which a portion o fthe joint is not visible. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for welding cycle. |
|
|
Term
| Series Submerged Arc Welding (SAW-S) |
|
Definition
| A submerged arc welding process variation in which the arc is establised between two consumable electrodes meeting just above the surface of the workpieces, which are not part of the welding current circuit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance welding secondary circuit variation in which the welding current is conducted through electrodes and workpieces in a series electrical path to form multiple resistance, spot seam, or projection welds simultaneously. fig b.46c and b.46d see parallel welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance welding gun incorporating an electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic servoactuator to generate electrode force. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for upset distance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| see contact tip setback and electrode setback. |
|
|
Term
Shadow Mask
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| A device partially shielding an area of the workpiece, producing a feathered edge of the thermal spray deposit. |
|
|
Term
| Shielded Carbon Arc Welding (CAW-S) |
|
Definition
| A carbon arc welding process variation using shielding from the combustion of solid material fed into the arc, or from a blanket of flux on the workpieces, or both. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. |
|
|
Term
| Shielded Metal Arc Cutting (SMAC) |
|
Definition
| An arc cutting process employing a covered electrode. |
|
|
Term
| Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) |
|
Definition
| An arc welding process with an arc between a covered electrode and the weld pool. Theprocess is used with shielding from the decomposition of the electrode covering, iwthout the applicaiton of pressure, and with filler metal from the electrode. see firecracker welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A gas used to produce a protective atmoshpere. see backing gas and inert gas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for short circuiting transfer. |
|
|
Term
| Short Circuit Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW-S) |
|
Definition
| A gas metal arc welding process variation in which the consumable electrode is deposited during repeated short circuits. |
|
|
Term
Short Circuiting Transfer
gas metal arc welding |
|
Definition
| Metal transfer in which molten metal from a consumable electrode is deposite during repeated short circuits. fig b.39b |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for root face. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Residual stress resulting from the contraction of materials upon cooling form joining, thermal cutting, or thermal spraying. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cavity-type discontinuity formed as a metal contracts during solidification. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test in which the side of a transverse section of the weld is on the convex surface of aspecified bend radius. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for bevel face or groove face. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A method of determining particle size distribution, usually expressed as the weight percentage retained upon each of the series of standard screens of decreasing mesh size. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used forbrazing with a silver-based brzing filler metal. |
|
|
Term
Single Welded Joint
fusion welding |
|
Definition
| A joint welded form one side only. fig b.8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of bevel edge shape having one prepared surface fig b.7b |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld groove formed by the combination of a butting member having a bevel edge shape and a planar surface of a companion member or a butting member with a square edge shape and a skewed surface of a nonbutting member fig b.8b |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in a single-bevel groove welded from one side fig b.8b |
|
|
Term
| Single-Flare-Bevel Groove |
|
Definition
| A weld groove formed by the combination of a butting member having a round edge shape and a planar surface of a comanion member. fig b.8h |
|
|
Term
| Single-Flare-Bevel-Grove Weld |
|
Definition
| A weld in a single-flare-bevel groove welded from one side. fig b.8h |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld groove formed by the combinaiton ofbutting members having round edge shapes. fig b.8i |
|
|
Term
| Single-Flare-V Grove Weld |
|
Definition
| A weld in a single-flare-V groove welded from one side fig b8i |
|
|
Term
Single-Groove Weld
fusion welding |
|
Definition
| A groove weld made from one side only fig b.8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance welding process variation which spot, projection, or upset welds are produced with a single impulse of welding current. fig b50. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of J-edge shape having one prepared surface. fig b.7d |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld groove formed formed by the combination of abutting member having a single-J edge shape abutting a planar surface of a companion member. fig b.8f |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in a single-J groove welded from one side. fig b.7d |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A constricting nozzle of th eplasma arc torch containing one orifice, located below and concentric with the electrode. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| see spliced joint fig b.3a |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| see spliced joing. see fig b.3a |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| see spliced joint. see fig b.3a |
|
|
Term
| Single-Square-Groove Weld |
|
Definition
| A weld in a square groove welded from one side. fig b.8a |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld in a single-U groove welded from one side. fig b.8g |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A V-shaped weld groove formed by the combination of
(a) butting members having single-bevel edge shapes,
(b) butting and nonbutting members having planar surfaces arranged to form a groove,
(c) a V-shaped groove in the surface of a member. fig b.8c - e |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A variation of any one of the five basic joint types in which the members are oriented at angles different than the typical orthogonal angles. see skewed but joint, skewed corner joint, skewed edge joint, skewed lap joint, and skewed T-joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term forintermittent weld. |
|
|
Term
Skull
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| The unmelted residue from a filler metal resulting from either incomplete melting or an inadeqauate protective atmosphere. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonmetallic product resulting from the mutual disolution of flux and nonmetallic impurities in some welding and brazing processes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A discontinuity consisting of slag entrapped in weld matal or at the weld interface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld made in an elongated hole in one member of a joint fusing that member to another member. The hole may be open at one end. A filler-wellded slot is not to be construed as conforming to this definition. fig b.15d |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The width and length of the weld metal in the plane of the fahing surfaces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The unauthorized addition of metal, such as length of rod, to a joint before welding or between passes, often resulting in a weld with incomplete fusion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld bead made to correct an undersirable weld surface contour. see cosmetic weld bead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld pass resulting in a smoothing bead. see cosmetic weld pass. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for soldering filler metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A bond produced as a result of heating an assembly to the soldering temperature using a soldering filler metal distributed and retained between the closely fitted faying surfaces of the joint by capillary action. fig 31.a |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The boundery between solder metal and base material in a soldered joint. fig b.31a. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The portion of a soldered joint melted during soldering. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for solderikng filler metal paste. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The capacity of a material to be soldered under the imposed fabrication conditions into a specific, suitably designed structure and to perform satisfactorily in the intended service. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of joining processes in which the workpieces(s) and solder are heated to the soldering temperature to form a soldered joint. fig a.1, a.3, and a.6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device used divert a portion of a flame for fine work, such as jewelry. Using this device, the flame is blown to the desired location, usually by mouth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The metal or alloy to be added in making a soldered joint. The filler metal has a loqauidus below 840 degrees F |
|
|
Term
| Soldering Filler Metal Paste |
|
Definition
| Paste consisting of a filler metal powder, a flux and a neutral carrier. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A flux used for soldering. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An electrically heated soldering iron with a pistol grip. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A tool for manual soldering used to heat the workpiece(s) by thermal conduction from the tip, which is heated by internal electrical resistance or external flame. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The temperature to which the base material is heated to enable the solder to wet the base material and form a soldered joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An assembly joined by soldering. |
|
|
Term
| Solid-State Welding (SSW) |
|
Definition
| A group of welding processes producing coalescence by the application of pressure without melting any of the joint components. fig a.1, a.3, and a.5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The highest temperature at which a metal is completely solid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for joint spacer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The metal particles expelled during fusion welding that do not form a part fo the weld. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Metal lost due to spatter. |
|
|
Term
Spiking
electron beam welding
laser beam welding |
|
Definition
| A condition where the joint penetration is nonuniform and changes abruptly over the length of the weld |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for expulsion and flash. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for a brazed, soldered or welded joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The workpiece spanning the joint in a spliced joint. fig b.3a and b.3b |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
See spliced joint. fig b.3a and b.3a
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint in which an additional workpiece spans the joint and is welded to each joint member. fig b.3a and b.3b. see splice member. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A welding techniqaue resulting in layers having more than one weld bead. fig b.23d |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A pipe segment used as a backing for welding butt joints in round bars. fig b.12 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A filler metal packaging configuration in which the wire is wound around a cylinder (called a barrel), which a flanged at both ends. The flanges contain a spindle hole centered inside the barrel. fig b.42a see coil without support and coil with support. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld produced between or upon overlapping members with coalescence initiating and occuring at faying surfaces or proceeding from the outer surface of one member. the weld typically has a round cross section in the plane of the faying surfaces. fig b.14e - h. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The diameter of the nugget in the plane of the faying surfaces. fig b.25f, b.25g, and b.30d. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for spray transfer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| See thermal spray depost. |
|
|
Term
| Spray Depost Density Ratio |
|
Definition
| See thermal spray deposit density ratio |
|
|
Term
Spray Tab
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
A small piece of additional material thermally sprayed concurrently with the workpiece, and used to evaluate the quality of the thermal spray depost.
|
|
|
Term
Spray Transfer
gas metal arc welding |
|
Definition
| Metal transfer in which molten metal from a consumable electrode is propelled axially across the arc in small droplets. fig b.39c. see globular transfer and short circuiting transfer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thermal spraying technique in whic the deposit is reheated to fuse the particles and form a metallurgical bond with the substrate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An exhaust booth where thermal spraying is performed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| See thermal spraying operator. |
|
|
Term
Spraying Rate
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| The rate at which surfacing material passes through the gun. |
|
|
Term
Spraying Sequence
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| The order in which layers of materials are applied, such as overlapped, superimposed, or at various angles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of edge shape in which the prepared surface lies perpendicular to the material surface. fig b.7a |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld groove formed by the combination of a butting member having a square edge shape and a planar surface of a companion member. fig b.8a and b.9a. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld groove in a square groove. fig b.8a and b.9a. |
|
|
Term
Squeeze Time
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The time between the initiation of the welding cycle and first application of current in spot, seam, or projection and some types of upset welds. fig .49 and b.50. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thermal cutting of stacked metal plates arranged so that all the plates are severed by a single cut. |
|
|
Term
| Staggered Intermittent Weld |
|
Definition
| An intermittent weld on both sides of a joint in which the weld segments on one side are alternated with reapect to those on the other side. fig b.23h. |
|
|
Term
| Standard welding procedure specfication (SWPS) |
|
Definition
| A welding procedure specficaiton qualified according to the reauirements of AWS B2.1, approved by AWS, and made available for production welding by companies or individuals other than those performing the qualification test. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The distance between a nozzle and the workpiece.
fig b.35, b.36 and b.38. |
|
|
Term
Standoff Distance
explosion welding |
|
Definition
| The distance between two plates to be joined. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The current value during the start time interval. fig b.54 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time interval prior to the weld time during which arc voltage and current reach apreset value greater or less than welding values. fig b.54. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Additional material extending beyond the begining of the joint, on which the weld is started. See runoff weld tab and weld tab. |
|
|
Term
Static Electrode Force
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The force exerted by electrodes on the workpieces under welding conditions, but without welding current flowing or movement between the welding electrodes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A baking shoe remaining in a fixed position during welding. see moving shoe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process variation in which successive joints of an assembly are produced without melting previously brazing joints. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A soldering process variation in which successive joints of an assembly are soldered with out melting previously soldered joints. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for backstep sequence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for covered electrode. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for shielded metal arc welding. |
|
|
Term
Stickout
gas metal arc welding
gas-shielded flux cored arc welding |
|
Definition
| The length of unmelted electrode extending beyond th eend of th egas nozzle. fig b.38. see electrode extension. |
|
|
Term
Stickout
gas tungsten arc welding |
|
Definition
| The length of tungsten electrode extending beyond the end of th egas nozzle. fib b.36 see electrode extension. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for intermittent weld. |
|
|
Term
Stopoff
brazing and soldering |
|
Definition
| A material applied to surfaces adjacent to a joint to limit the spread of filler metal or flux. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance welding process variation in which the welding current is produced from electrical energy that is accumulated electrostatically, electromagnetically, or electrochemically at a low rate and released at a relatively high rate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for direct current electrode nagative. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A composite filler metal electrode consisting of standed wires that may mechanically enclose materials to improve properties, stabilize the arc, or provide shielding. |
|
|
Term
| Stress-Corrosion Cracking |
|
Definition
| Failure of metals by cracking under the compined actions of corrosion and stress, residual or applied. In brazing, the term applies to the craking of stressed base metal due to the presence of liquid filler metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intergranular cracking in th eheat-affected zone or weld metal as a result of th ecombined action of residual stresses and postweld exposure to an elevate dtemperature. |
|
|
Term
| Stress-Relief Heat Treatment |
|
Definition
| Uniform heating of a structure or portion thereof to a sufficient temperature to relieve the mjor portion of the residual stresses, followed by uniform cooling. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld bead formed without apprciable weaving. fig b.22a see weave bead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device attached to the members of a weld joint to maintain their alignment during welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The short length of filler metal electrode, welding rod, or brazing rod remaining after its use for welding or brazing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for arc stud welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A general term for joining a metal stud or similar part to a workpiece. Welding may be accomplished by arc, resistance, friction, or other process with or without external gas shielding. see arc stud welding. |
|
|
Term
| Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) |
|
Definition
| An arc welding process using an arc or arcs between a bare metal electrode or electrodes and the weld pool. The arc and molten metal are shielded by a blanket of granular flux on the workpieces. The process is used without pressure and with filler metal from the electrode and sometimes from a supplemental source (welding rod, flux or metal granules) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A workpiece onto which a coating is applied. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for underfill at the root surface. |
|
|
Term
Surface Expulsion
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| Expulsion occurring between the electrode and the workpiece. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The operations necessary to produce a desired or specified surface condition. |
|
|
Term
Surface Roughening
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| A group of methods for producing irregularities on a surface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The application by welding, brazing, or thermal spraying of a layer, or layers, of meterial to a surface to obtain desired properties or dimensions, as opposed to making a joint. see buildup, buttering, and hardfacing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The metal or alloy applied to a base metal or substrate during surfacing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld applied to a surface, as opposed to making a joint, to obtain desired properties or dimensions. fig b.15c and b.30c |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An inductively heated component positioned near a joint to aid in heating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The recession of the flame into the torch body with containued burning characterized by an initial popping sound followed by a squealing or hissing sound, potentially burning through the torch body, see backfire and flashback. |
|
|
Term
Synchronous Timing
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The initiation of each half cycle of welding transformer primary current on an accurately timed delay with respect to the polarity reversal of the power supply. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| See runoff weld tab, starting weld tab, and weld tab. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld made to hold the parts of a weldment in proper alignment until the final welds are made. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One who performs manual or semiautomatic welding to produce tack welds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for tack welder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for transformer tap. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time interval after upslope during which the maximum welding current or high pulse current is constant. fig b.53 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time interval when current increases or decreases continuously form the welding current ot final taper current. fig b.53. |
|
|
Term
Temper Time
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The time following quench time during which a current is passed through the weld for heat treating. fig b.4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weld made to attach a piece o rpieces to a weldmant for temporary use in handling, shipping, or working on the weldment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A test in which a specimen is loaded tin tension until failure occurs. see reduced section test specimen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weldment, brazement, or soderment used for procedure or performance qualification testing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sample of a test coupon subjected to testing. |
|
|
Term
Theoretical Electrode Force
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The calculated force, neglecting friction and inertia, developed by the mechanical system of a resistance welding device. see dynamic electrode force and static electrode force. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance from the beginning of the joint root perpendicular to the hypotenuse fo the largest right triangle that can be inscribed within the cross section of a fillet weld. This dimension is based on the assumption that the root opening is equal to zero. see figb.25a-d. see actual throat and effective throat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One who performs manual or semiautomatic thermal cutting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of cutting processes severing or removing metal by localized melting, burning, or vaporizing of the workpieces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of cutting processes serving or removing metal by localized melting, burning, or vaporizing of the workpieces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One who operates automatic, mechanized, or robotic thermal cutting equipment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thermal cutting process variation removing metal by melting or burning the entire removed portion, to form a bevel or grove. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The coating or layer of surfacing material applied by a thermal spraying process. fig b.32 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The coating or layer of surfacing material applied by a thermal spraying process. fig b.32 |
|
|
Term
| Thermal Spray Deposit Density Ratio |
|
Definition
| The ratio of the densith of the thermal spray deposit to the theoretical density of the surfacing material, usually expressed as percent of theoretical density. |
|
|
Term
| Thermal Spray Deposti Interface |
|
Definition
| The boundary between the thermal spray deposit and the substrate. |
|
|
Term
| Thermal Spray Deposit Strength |
|
Definition
| The tensile strength of a thermal spray deposit. |
|
|
Term
| Thermal spray deposit stress |
|
Definition
| The residual stress in a thermal spray deposit resulting from rapid cooling of molten or semimolten particles as they impinge on the substrate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A single progression of the thermal spraying gun across the substrate surface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One who performs semiautomatic thermal spraying. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of processis in which finely divided metallic or nonmetallic surfacing materials on a substrate to form a thermal spray deposit. The surfacing material may be in the form of powder, rod, cord, or wire. |
|
|
Term
| Thermal Spraying Deposition Efficiency |
|
Definition
| The ratio of the weight of thermal spray deposit to the weight of surfacing material sprayed, expressed as a percentage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A device for heating, feding, and directing the flow of surfacing material. |
|
|
Term
| Thermal Spraying Operator |
|
Definition
| One who operates automatic, mechanized, or robotic thermal spraying equipment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stress in a material or assembly resulting from nonuniform temperature distribution or differencetial thermal expansion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The vessel in which the thermite reaction takes place. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A mixture of metal oxide and finely divided aluminum with the addition of alloying metals as required. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A mold formed around the workpieces to receive molten metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The chemical reaction between metal oxide and aluminum producing superheated molten metal and a slag containing aluminum oxide. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A welding process producing coalescence of metals by heating them with superheated liquid metal from a chemical reation between a metal oxide and aluminum, with or without the application of pressure. Filler metal is obtained from the liquid metal. |
|
|
Term
| Thermocompression Bonding |
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for hot pressure welding. |
|
|
Term
Threading and Knurling
thermal spraying |
|
Definition
| A methof surface roughening in which spiral threads are prepared, followed by upsetting and a knurling tool. |
|
|
Term
Throat Area
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The region bonded by the physical components of the secondary circuit of a welding machine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A crack in the throat of a fillet weld. FIG B.33 |
|
|
Term
Throat Depth
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The distance from the centerline of th eelectrodes or platens to the nearest point of interference for flat sheets. |
|
|
Term
Throat Height
resistance welding |
|
Definition
| The minimum distance between the arms of the welding machine throughout the throat area. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for constricting orifice length. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for groove weld size. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for throat height. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The junction of weld metal and base metal or prior weld metal where fusion is intended. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To manipulate the welding process at the junction of the weld metal and base metal or weld metal to facilitate fusion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for gas tungsten arc welding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for precoating for soldering. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for electrode skidding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint type in which the butting end of a workpiece is aligned approximately perpendicular with either its surface or the surface of a nonbuttig workpiece. fig b.1c, b.2c, and b.10f. see skewed joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A crack opserved at the weld toe. fig b.32a and b.33a. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brazing process using heat from a fuel gas flame. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A soldering process using heat from a fuel gas flame. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
See cutting tip and welding tip.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for brazing tape. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A plasma arc establised between the electrode of the plasma arc torch and the workpiece. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connections to a transformer winding used to vary the transformer turns ratio, thereby controlling welding voltage and current. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A resistance welding gun with an intergral, closedly coupled resistance welding transformer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| See transverse weld test specimen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis. see fig b.33a |
|
|
Term
| Transverse Tension Specimen |
|
Definition
| See transverse weld test specimen. |
|
|
Term
| Transverse Weld Test Specimen |
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Definition
| A weld test specimen with its major axis perpendicular to the weld axis. see longitudinal weld test specimen. |
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Term
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Definition
| The angle less than 90 degrees between the electrode axis and a line perpendicular to the weld axis, in a plane determined by the electrode axis and the weld axis. This angle can also be used to partially define the position of guns, torches, rods, and beams. see fig b.21 see drag angle, push angle and work angle. |
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Term
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Definition
| The angle less than 90 degrees between the electrode axis and a line perpendicular to the weld axis at its point fo intersection with the extension of the electrode axis, in a plane determined by the electrode axis and a line tangent to the pipe surface at the same point. This angle can also be used to partially define th eposition of guns, torches, rods, and beams. fig b.21. see drag angle, push angle, and work angle. |
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Term
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Definition
| The time interval from arc initiation to the start of the torch, gun or workpiece trave. fig b.53. |
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Term
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Definition
| A joint between two or more members , at least one of which is tubular. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonfiller metal electrode used in arc welding, arc cutting, and plasma spraying, made principallly tungsten. |
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Term
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Definition
| A discontinuity consisting of tungsten entrapped in weld metal. |
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Term
Twin Carbon Arc Brazing (TCAB)
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Definition
| A brazing process using heat from an arc between two carbon electrodes. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. table a.5 |
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Term
| Twin Carbon Arc Welding (CAW-T) |
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Definition
| A carbon arc welding process variaion using an arc between two carbon electrodes and no shielding. This is an obsolete or seldom used process. |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of groove weld. fig b.8g and b.9e. |
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Term
Ultrasonic Coupler
ultrasonic soldering
ultrasonic welding |
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Definition
| Elements through which ultrasonic vibration is transmitted from the transducer to the tip. |
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Term
| Ultrasonic Soldering (USS) |
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Definition
| A solderin process variation in which high-frequency vibratory energy is transmitted through molten solder to remove undesireable surface films and thereby promote wetting of the base metal. This operation is usually accomplished with out flux. |
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Term
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Definition
| A solid-state welding process producing a weld by the local application of high-frequency vibratory energy as the workpieces are held together under pressure. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for commutator-controlled welding. |
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Term
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Definition
| A heat-effected zone crack in steel weldments arising from the occurrence of a crack-susceptible microstructure, residual or applied stress, and the presence of hydrogen. fig b.32b and b.33a. |
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Term
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Definition
| A groove melted into th ebase metal adjacent to th eweld toe or weld root and left unfilled by weld metal. fig b.32c-d |
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Term
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Definition
| A groove weld condition inwhich the weld face or root surface is below the adjacent surface of the base metal. fig b.32e-f. |
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Term
Unfused Flux
submerged arc welding |
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Definition
| Flux not melted during welding. |
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Term
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Definition
| A thin boundary layer of weld metal, adjacent to the weld interface, solidified without mixing with the remaining weld metal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Welding with an upward progression. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bulk deformation of a workpiece(s) resulting from the application of pressure, with or without added heat, expressed in terms of increase in transverse section area, reduction in length, reduction in thickness, or reduction of the cross wire weld stack height. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for upset welding. |
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Term
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Definition
| The total reduction in th eaxial length of the workpieces from the initial contact to the completion of the weld. In flash welding, the upset distance is equal to the platen movement from the end of flash time to the end of upset. fig b.44 and b.45. |
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Term
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Definition
| The force exerted at the faying surfaces during upseting. |
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of a welding cycle during which upset occurs. |
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Term
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Definition
| A resistance welding process producing a weld over the entire area of faying surfaces or progressively along a but joint. fig b.15a, b.31c, and b.52. |
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Term
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Definition
| See automatic arc wlding upslope time and induction upset welding. |
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Term
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Definition
| A measure of the relative ease of application of a welding filler metal to make a sound weld. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for various brazing processes takeing place in a chamber or retort below atmospheric pressure. |
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Term
| Vacuum Plasma Spraying (VPSP) |
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Definition
| A thermal spraying process variation using a plasma spraying gun confined to a stable enclosure that ispartially evacuated. |
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Term
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Definition
| See vertical welding position. |
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Term
Vertical Position
pipe welding |
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Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for the pipe welding test postion designated as 2G |
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Term
| Vertical Welding Position |
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Definition
| The welding position in which the weld axis, is at the point of welding, is approximately vertical, and the weld face lies in a pproximately vertical plane. fig b.16a-c, b.17c and b.18c |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for downhill. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for uphill. |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of groove weld. fig b.8c, b.8d and b.9c. |
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Term
Virgin Flux
submerged arc welding |
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Definition
| Unused flux produced using a new raw materials. |
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Term
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Definition
| An automatic electrical control device for maintaining a constant voltage supply to the primary of a welding transformer. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for a cosmetic weld pass, cover pass, or smoothing pass. |
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Term
Waster Plate
oxyfuel gas cutting |
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Definition
| A carbon steel plate placed on an alloy workpiece at the torch side to provide the necessary iron to facilitate cutting on the alloy. |
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Term
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Definition
| The forcing of exhaust air and fumes froma spray booth through water so the vented air is free of thermal sprayed particles or fumes. |
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Term
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Definition
| A soldering process using heat from a bath of filler metal in which the filler metal is flowed against the joint by an induced wave action. see dip soldering. |
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Term
Wax Pattern
thermite welding |
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Definition
| Wax molded around the workpieces to the form desired for the completed weld. |
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Term
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Definition
| A welding technique in which the thermal source is oscillated transversely as i progresses along the weld path. See oscillation and wipping. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A line through the length of the weld, perpendicular to and at the geometric center of its corss secion. fig b.16a, b.16b, and b.21 |
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Term
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Definition
| A weld resulting from a weld pass. fig b.22, b.23d, and b.23e. See stringer bead and weave bead. |
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Term
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Definition
| A welding proces variation in which the weld strength is augmented by adhesive at the faying surfaces. |
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Term
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Definition
| Brazing using heat from a welding process such that the preplaced brazing filler metal is melted to form a braze augmenting the weld by increasing joint strength or creation a seal between spot or intermeittent welds. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for resistance brazing. |
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Term
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Definition
| A crack located in the weld metal or heat-affected zone. fig b.33 |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for backing shoe. |
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Term
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Definition
| A metallic or nonmetallic object placed at the end of a weld groove to contain the molten metal and facilitate complete cross-sectional filling of the weld groove. |
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Term
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Definition
| The exposed surface of a weld on th eside from which welding was done. fig b.24a and b.24e. |
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Term
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Definition
| See underfill. fig b.24e. |
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Term
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Definition
| A device designed for measureing the shape and size of welds. |
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Term
Weld Groove
fusion welding |
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Definition
| A channel in the surface of a workpiece or an opening between two joint members providing space to contain weld metal. |
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Term
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Definition
| The boundary between weld metal and base metal in a fusion weld, between base metals in a solid-state weld without filler metal, or between filler metal and base metal in a solid-state weld with filler metal. fig b.30 and b.31. |
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Term
Weld Interval
resistance welding |
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Definition
| The sum of heat and cool times to produce a multiple-impulse weld. fig b.49. see weld time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Misalignment of the joint members. fig b.13c. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for weld interface. |
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Term
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Definition
| Metal in a fusion weld consisting of that portion of the base metal and filler metal melted furing welding. See mixed zone and unmixed zone. |
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Term
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Definition
| A crack occurring in the weld metal zone. fig b.33. |
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of the weld area consisting of weld metal. fig b.24g |
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Term
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Definition
| A single progression of welding along a joint. The result of a weld pass is a weld bead or layer. |
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Term
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Definition
| The order in which the weld passes are made. See cross-sectional sequence and logitudinal sequence. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for joint penetration or root penetration. |
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Term
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Definition
| The localized volume of molten metal in a weld prior to its solidification as weld metal. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for weld pool. |
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Term
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Definition
| A function of an adaptive control determining changes in the shape of the weld pool or the weld metal during welding, and direction the welding machine to take appropriate action. |
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Term
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Definition
| Weld metal in excess of the quantity required to fill a weld groove. see convexity, face reinfordcement, and root reinforcement. |
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Term
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Definition
| The points, show in cross section, at which the weld metal intersects the base metal and extends furthest into the weld. See fig b.24b-e, b.24h-k and b.24m-p. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for joint, seam weld, weld, or weld joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for backing shoe. |
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Term
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Definition
| A graphic character connected to the reference line of a brazing or welding symbol specifying the joint geomertry or weld type. |
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Term
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Definition
| Additional material extending beyond either end of the joint, on which the wled is started or terminated. See runoff weld tab and starting tab. |
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Term
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Definition
| See actual throat, effective throat, and theoretical throat. |
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Term
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Definition
| See automatic arc welding weld time and resistance welding weld time. |
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Term
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Definition
| The junction of the weld face and the base metal. fig b.24a and b.24e |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The capacity of meterial to be welded under the imposed fabrication conditions into a specific, suitably designed structure performing satisfactorily in the intended service. |
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Term
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Definition
| One who performs manual or semiautomatic welding. |
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Term
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Definition
| Written verification that a welder has produced welds meeting a prescribed standard of welder performance. |
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Term
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Definition
| The act of registering a welder certificatio or a photastatic compy of the welder certification. |
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Term
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Definition
| A joining process productin coalescence of materials by heating them to the welding temperature, with or without the application of pressure or by the applicaiton of pressure alone, and with or without the use of filler matal. fig a.1 and a.3-5 |
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Term
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Definition
| A controlled electrical discharge between the electrode and the workpiece formed and sustained by the establishment of a gaseous conductive medium, called an arc plasma. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for oxyfuel gas welding torch. |
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Term
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Definition
| See automatic arc welding current and resistance welding current. |
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Term
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Definition
| The complete series of events involved in the making of a weld. fig b.49, b.50, b.53 and b.54. |
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Term
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Definition
| A component of the welding circuit through which current is conducted and that terminates at the arc, molten conductive sag, or base metal. |
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Term
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Definition
| The metal or alloy to be added in making a weld joint that allowy with the base metal to form weld metal in a fusion welded joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| A flux used for welding. See brazing flux and soldering flux. |
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Term
Welding Flux
submerged arc welding |
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Definition
| A granular material comprised of metallic and nonmetallic constituents applied during welding to provide atmospheric shielding and cleaning of the molten weld metal and influence the profile of the solidified weld metal. This material may also provide filler metal and affect the weld metal composition. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A generator used for supplying current for welding |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard and incorrect term for workpiece connection. |
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Term
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Definition
| The part of a welding machine in which a welding gun or torch is incorporated. |
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Term
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Definition
| A device equipped with a filter plate designed to be worn on the head to protect eyes, face, and neck from arc radiation, radiated heat, spatter, or other harmful mater expelled during some welding and cutting processes. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for welding helmet. |
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Term
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Definition
| The workpiece lead and the electrode lead of an arc welding circuit. fig b.34 |
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Term
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Definition
| Equipment used to perform the welding operation. For example, spot welding machine, arc welding machine, and seam welding machine. |
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Term
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Definition
| One who operates adaptive control, automatic, mechanized, or robotic welding equipment. |
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Term
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Definition
| The relationship between the weld pool, joint, joint members,a nd welding heat source during welding, fig b.16 - 20. seeflat, horixontal, overhead,andvertical. |
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Term
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Definition
| An apparatus for supplying curent and voltage suitable for welding. |
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Term
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Definition
| The detailed methods and practices involed in th eproduction of a weldment. See welding procedure specification. WPSs |
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Term
| Welding Procedure Qualification Record (WPQR) |
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Definition
| A record of welding variables used to produce an acceptable weldment and the results of tests conducted on the weldment to qualify a welding procedure spectifiacation. |
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Term
| Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) |
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Definition
| A document provideing the required welding variables for a specific application to assure repeatablilty by properly trained welders and welding operators. |
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Term
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Definition
| A device in a welding power source for converting alternating current to direct current. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of welding filler metal, normally packaged in straight lengths, that does not conduct the welding current. fig b.36. |
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Term
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Definition
| A written statement, usually in tabular form, specifying values of parameters and the welding sequence for performing a welding operation. |
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Term
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Definition
| The order of making welds in a weldment. |
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Term
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Definition
| A graphical representation of the specifications for producing a welded joint. See weld symbol. see AWS A2.4, Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing, and Nondestructive Examination. |
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Term
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Definition
| Details of the welding operation controlled by the welder or welding operator. |
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Term
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Definition
The orientation of a weld joint for weldig procedure or welder qualification testing. see welding test position designation.
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Term
| Welding Test Position Designation |
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Definition
| A symbol representation for a fillet weld or a groove weld, the joint orientation and the welding test position. See 1F, 2F, 2FR, 3F, 4F, 5F, 6F, 1F, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, and 6GR. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard eterm when used for resistance welding electrode for resistance spot welding. |
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Term
Welding Tip
oxyguel gas welding |
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Definition
| The part of an oxyguel gas welding torch from which gases issue. |
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Term
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Definition
gas tungsten arc welding torch
oxyguel gas welding torch
plasma arc welding torch |
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Term
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Definition
| A transformer converting input power into useable levels of voltage and current for welding at a rated duty cycle |
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Term
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Definition
arc voltage
open circuit voltage
resistance welding voltage |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonstandard term for circular electrode. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of welding filler metal, normally packaged as coils or spools, that may or may not conduct electrical current depending upon th ewelding process with which it is used. fig b.36. See welding electrode and welding rod. |
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Term
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Definition
| An assembly joined by welding |
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Term
Wetting
braxing and soldering |
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Definition
| The phenomenon whereby a liquid filler metal or flux spreads and adheres in a thin continous layer on a solid surface |
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Term
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Definition
| A welding technique in which the thermal source is oscillated longitudinally as it progresses along the weld path. See oscillation and weaving. |
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Term
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Definition
| A joint made with solder having a wide melting range and with the heat supplied by the molten solder poured onto the joint. The solder is manipulated with a handheld cloth or paddle so as to obtain the required size and contour. |
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Term
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Definition
| The rate at which wire is consumed in arc cutting, thermal spraying, or welding. |
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Term
| Wire Falme Spraying (FLSP-W) |
|
Definition
| A thermal spraying process variation in which the surfacing material is in wire form. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A device used for controlling the cast and heliz of coiled wire to enable it to be easily fed through the wire feed system. |
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Term
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Definition
| The angle less than 90 degrees between a line perpendicular to the major workpiece surface and a plane determined by the electrode axis and the weld axis. In a T-joint or a corner joint, the line is perpendicular to the nonbutting member. This angle can also be used to partially define th eposition of guns, torches, rods, and beams. See drag angle, push angle and travel angle. |
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Term
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Definition
| the angle less then 90 degrees between a line perpendicular to the cylindrical pipe surface at the point of intersection of the weld axis and the extension of the electrode axis, and a plane determined by the electrode axis and a line tangent tot he pipe at the same point. |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for workpiece connecton. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term for workpiece lead. |
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Term
|
Definition
| An assembly, component, member, of part in th eprocess of bing manufactured |
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Term
|
Definition
| A nonstandard term when used for workpiece connector. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A device used to provide an electrical connection between the workpiece and the workpiece lead. fig b.34. |
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