Term
| Indications for Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) |
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Definition
For a patient who is a candidate for Coronary Artery Bypass Gaft (CABG), and has single vessel coronary artery stenosis with one of the following:
-Recent onset angina, not controlled by medication
-Objective evidence of myocardial ischemia
-Proximal, discrete stenosis
-Concentric, non-calcified lesions
-Subtotal obstruction
-Proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, or RCA stenosis with demonstrable ischemia with or without angina
-Multiple discrete lesions of a single vessel
-Select cases of multivessel coronary artery stenosis
-Acute evolving MI with or without use of thrombolytic therapy
-Saphenous vein bypass graft stenosis
-Internal mammary graft stenosis
-Restenosis after first or second successful PTCA
-Arteriosclerosis of high grade obstruction following cardiac transplantation |
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Term
| What are the major advantages of PTCA? |
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Definition
-Lower cost than CABG
-Decreased hospitalization and length of disability
-Less invasive |
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Term
| What is the procedure of choice when medical treatment has not controlled the patient’s angina? |
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Definition
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Term
| Angioplasty Relative contraindications |
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Definition
-Left main coronary artery stenosis
-Left main equivalent - the vessel supplies most of the viable LV
-Three vessel CAD with disabling angina where long term benefits of CABG are well established |
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Term
| What are the limitations of angioplasty |
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Definition
-Left main disease
-Bifurcated stenosis
-Restenosis |
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Term
| Risks and complications of angioplasty |
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Definition
-All those associated with cardiac catheterization
-Death
-Emergency CABG
-Myocardial infarction
-RV puncture and tamponade
-Coronary artery aneurysm
-Coronary artery rupture
-Failure to dilate
-Acute aclusion
-Emergency CABG |
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Term
| Indications for coronary stents |
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Definition
-Eligible for balloon angioplasty
-Symptomatic ischemic heart disease
-Acute MI
-Dissection of artery wall with intima flap |
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Term
| Contraindications for coronary stents |
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Definition
-Gastrointestinal bleeding that prevents 4-5 hours of anticoagulation therapy
-Inability to take antiplatelet therapy
-Conditions that limit use of long term coumadin use
-Small vessels less than 2.5 mm in diameter
-Vessels supplying poorly functional or non-functional myocardium
-Heavily calcified vessels |
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Term
| Procedures used for coronary angioplasty |
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Definition
Stage 1: compression
Stage 2: fluid extrusion
Stage 3: controlled injury
Stage 4: disruption |
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Term
| What should the ACT be when heparinized? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| ballon inflated with what? |
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Definition
| 50% contrast and 50% heparin solution |
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Term
| ballon is inflated how many atmospheres |
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Definition
| 10 to 20 atmospheres (150 - 180 psi) |
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Term
| Assesses blood flow the the hand |
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Definition
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Term
| Which PTCA approach improves hemostasis management and patient ambulation? |
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Definition
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Term
| A catheter technique that involves the dilation of stenotic valves with a large-diameter balloon catheter |
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Definition
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