Term
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Definition
| block phase 0 of fast APs, decrease spole of 0 and decrease AP amplitude, slow conduction through non-nodal tissue, can interrupt reentry circuits, decrease rate of Na+ channel recovery, shift ERP to the right or delay repolarization, preferentially bind to different Na+ channel configurations |
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Term
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Definition
| moderate effects on Na+ conductance/phase 0 amplitutde/dV/dt, bind open state of Na+ channel, can inhibit K+ efflux in phase 3, increase APD/ERP/QT interval, inhibit vagal activity, cause dry mouth/urinary hesitancy/constipation, increase HR/conduction through AV node |
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Term
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Definition
| increase threshold and decrease automaticity (Na+ block), increase APD/ERP (K+ block), blocks B-adrenergic, oral or IV, for maintained NSR w/ Afib or Aflutter, for preventing Vtach or Vfib, QT prolongation & high incidence of Torsades de Points/syncope/SCD, increases digitek toxicity due to decreased secretion, cinchonism |
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Term
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Definition
| similar to quinidine, oral/IV/IM, for managing supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, QT prolongation and LUPUS-LIKE SYNDROME |
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Term
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Definition
| similar to quinidine, oral, for maintenance of Afib or Aflutter, for preventing Vtach or Vfib, decreased HR/torsades de points/anticholinergic |
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Term
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Definition
| weak inhibition of fast Na+ channels, predominately bind inactive state, may increase Ikr, decrease ERP/APD |
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Term
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Definition
| decreases automaticity of ectopic pacemakers, decreased phase 4 slope and increased threshold, IV only, for ventricular arrhythmias, INEFFECTIVE AGAINST SUPRAVENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIA, rapid administration can cause seizures |
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Term
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Definition
| similar to lidocaine, oral, for ventricular arrhythmias, tremor/nausea, slower absorption with food |
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Term
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Definition
| strong inhibition of fast Na+ channels, bind open state, no changes in ERP/APD |
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Term
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Definition
| decreases conduction velocity, oral, for prevention of PSVT and Afib in NORMAL hearts, may cause new/worse arrhythmias in patients with ischemia or STRUCTURALLY ABNORMAL hearts |
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Term
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Definition
| decreases conduction velocity, oral, for prevention of PSVT and Afib in normal heart, can precipitate Aflutter and increase ventricle rate, can increase digoxin toxicity, decreases HR |
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Term
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Definition
| B-blockers, decrease HR/Ca2+ overload/automaticity, slow AV node conduction and refractoriness, for SVT/Aflutter/Afib/PSVT/Post-MI, can cause bradycardia/HF/hypotension/AV block/bronchoconstriction/hypoglycemia, BE CAREFUL IN ASTHMA/DIABETES/HF/PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE, AVOID REBOUND HTN/ANGINA/ARRHYTHMIA BY WITHDRAWING OVER 2 WEEKS |
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Term
| Class III Antiarrhythmics |
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Definition
| block rectifying K+ currents (IKr) in phase 3, decreased repolarization, increased APD/ERP, suppress reentrant arrhythmia and reentrant tachycardia, increased QUT interval can cause arrhythmia |
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Term
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Definition
| blocks K+ channels/Na+ channels/Ca2+ channels/a&B-adrenergic, accumulates in fat/liver/lungs/spleen, HALF-LIFE OF 25-60d, oral for Afib/Vtach/Vfib, IV for Vfib/Vtach, DRUG OF CHOICE FOR CARDIAC ARREST, causes pneumonitis/fibrosis/corneal microdeposits/halos/hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism/blue-gray discoloration of nose/cheeks/lips, metabolized to active form by CYP450 3A4, interacts and increases concentration of digoxin/warfarin/flecainide/cyclosporine, decreased concentration due to rifampin/St. John's Wort, almost no decrease in HR or ventricular proarrhythmia, high incidence of side-effects |
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Term
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Definition
| structural analog of amiodarone without Iodine (less thyroid disruption), shorter half-life 24h, oral, increased absorption with food, for maintenance of Afib and Aflutter, GI side-effects, INCREASES MORTALITY OF HF |
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Term
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Definition
| pure Ikr blocker, increased APD, excreted 80% unchanged in kidney, for maintenance of Afib, can cause torsades de points (minimized by adjusting dose to creatinine clearance) |
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Term
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Definition
| blocks Ikr and activates inward Na+ current, increases APD/ERP, IV only, for Afib and Aflutter immediate conversion to NSR, prolongs QT interval and causes Torsades de Points |
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Term
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Definition
| non-selective BB, inhibits IKr, increased APD, decreased automaticity, decreased AV conduction, increased AV refractoriness, for severe Vtach/Afib/Aflutter, may increase EADs and cause Torsades de Points |
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Term
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Definition
| inhibit Ca2+ in SA/AV node, decreased automaticity/conductance velocity, prolonged phase 3, inhibiting AV node useful for preventing SVT (disrupts reentry and decreases ventricular rate), causes hypotension/sinusbradycardia/AV block/increased digoxin levels, NOT FOR WPW DUE TO INCREASED CONDUCTION THROUGH BYPASS TRACK AND INCREASED RISK OF VFIB |
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Term
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Definition
| activates K+ current in atria/SA/AV nodes, decreased APD/hyperpolarization/decreased automaticity, inhibits Ca2+ current (anti-sympathetic), slows AV conduction and increases refractory period, IV only, impaired by methylxanthines (caffeine), for supraventricular arrhythmias, NO EFFECT ON AFIB/AFLUTTER, causes facial flush/dyspnea/hypotension/bronchoconstriction |
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Term
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Definition
| indirect vagomimetic (cholinergic) actions at lower doses, activates IKACh, hyperpolarization/decreased APD/ERP, decreased If=decreased phase 4 slope, increase gK+=more negative max diastolic potential, decreased ICa=higher threshold, for AFib, IV or oral, causes nausea/cognitive disturbance/blurre or yellow vision/various (any) arrhythmias due to increased Ca2+ |
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Term
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Definition
| unknown mechanism (inward Ca2+ currents?), IV, for preventing torsades de points and digitalis-induced arrhythmias |
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Term
| BBs (nadolol, propranalol, metoprolol) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| warfarin/clopidogrel + aspirin |
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Definition
| treatment for Afib (anticoagulation) |
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Term
| BBs (metoprolol/esmolol), CCBs |
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Definition
| treatment for acute rate control of Afib |
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Term
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Definition
| treatment for chronic rate control of Afib |
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Term
| Amiodarone/sotalol/dofetlide (Class III), flecainide/propafenone (Class IC) |
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Definition
| treatment for rhythm control of Afib |
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Term
| Quinidine/procainamide/disopyramide (Class IA) |
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Definition
| alternative treatment for rhythm control of Afib, not recommended due to anticholinergic functions/increased AV rate |
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Term
| Adenosine, IV CCBs/BBs(metoprolol, esmolol) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| treatment for chronic PSVT |
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Term
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Definition
| treatment for hemodynamically unstable post-MI PVCs |
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Term
| amiodarone, procainamide/lidocaine |
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Definition
| treatment for tachycardia |
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Term
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Definition
| treatment for chronic ventricular tachycardia |
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Term
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Definition
| blocks Na+ channels, slows depolarization |
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Term
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Definition
| Ca2+ channel blockers, fater repolarization |
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Term
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Definition
| stabilizes Ca2+/TnC complex, DOES NOT INCREASE O2 DEMAND |
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