Term
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Definition
| most important aspect of CV care |
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Term
| S4 gallop, diastolic murmur |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| test for heart size/pulmonary changes |
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Term
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Definition
| test for MI/injury/ischemia (chest pain) |
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Term
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Definition
| test for chamber size/contractility/valve function |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Transtelephonic patient-activated event recorder |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| for diagnosis/prognosis of CAD and aerobic fitness determination |
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Term
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Definition
| test for myocardial viability/perfusion/contractility |
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Term
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Definition
| test for coronary anatomy and quantification of valvular stenosis/regurgitation/cardiac shunts |
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Term
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Definition
| without limitation of physical activity |
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Term
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Definition
| slight limitation of physical activity (fatigue, angina, dysnpea) |
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Term
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Definition
| marked limitation of physical activity (exhaustion after less than normal activity) |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to carry on physical activity without discomfort |
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Term
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Definition
| can be pathological or due to increased volume (pregnancy/exercise) |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates long process of atherosclerosis |
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Term
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Definition
| bounces sounds of RBCs, detects quantity of blood flow |
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Term
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Definition
| mass movement due to a pressure gradient |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| P(hydrostatic pressure) = |
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Definition
| p(density) * g(gravity) * h(height of fluid) |
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Term
| Total energy = (Bernouli Equation) |
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Definition
| KE (kinetic energy) + PE (potential energy) |
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Term
| KE (specific kinetic energy)= |
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Definition
| p(density) * v^2 (velocity)/2 |
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Term
| Q(flow rate) = (Pouiselle's Law) |
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Definition
| dP(pressure change) * pi *r^4(radius)/8 * n(viscosity) * l(length of pipe) |
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Term
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Definition
| 8 * n(viscosity) * l(length of pipe)/pi * r^4 (radius) |
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Term
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Definition
| Q(flow rate) * R (resistance) |
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Term
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Definition
| p(density) * D(vessel diameter) * v(velocity)/n (viscosity) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ECs overlaying small ECM, bound by IEL |
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Term
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Definition
| smooth m. cells between IEL and EEL |
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Term
|
Definition
| made of smooth m. cells, can vasoconstrict/vasodilate |
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Term
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Definition
| principle points of regulation, changes pulsatile flow to steady flow |
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Term
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Definition
| ECs without media, slow velocity/high surface area are ideal for exchange |
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Term
|
Definition
| contain 2/3 of all systemic blood, valves present to prevent back flow |
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Term
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Definition
| return interstitial blood and fluid to heart |
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Term
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Definition
| de novo formation of blood vessels during embryogenesis |
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Term
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Definition
| new vessel formation with VEGF for angiogenesis |
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Term
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Definition
| lots of lipid, low fibrous cap |
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Term
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Definition
| small lipid core, large fibrous cap |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| breach in wall, extravascular blood |
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Term
| Hyaline Arteriolosclerosis |
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Definition
| homogenous amorphous eosinophilic hyaline material in vessel wall, hallmark of HTN |
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Term
| Hyperplastic Arteriolosclerosis |
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Definition
| eosinophilic bands (onion skin), necrotic arteriolitis (fibrinoid necrosis), hallmark of malignant HTN |
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Term
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Definition
| most common/dangerous, ascending/descending aorta |
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Term
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Definition
| aortic dissection distal to subclavian a. |
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Term
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Definition
| conversion of pulsatile flow to continuous flow |
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Term
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Definition
| dV (volume change) / dP (pressure change) |
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Term
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Definition
| dP (pressure change) / dV (volume change) |
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Term
| MAP (Mean arterial pressure)= |
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Definition
| Pd (diastolic pressure) + 1/3 * (Ps-Pd) (Pulse pressure) |
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Term
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Definition
| non-nutritional, for temperature regulation |
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Term
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Definition
| nutritional flow from aa. to vv., can connect to capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| dP (transmural pressure) * r (radius) / w (wall thickness) |
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Term
| T (wall tension)= (Laplace's Law) |
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Definition
| dP (transmural pressure) * r (radius) |
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Term
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Definition
| Kf (filtration constant) * ((Pc+oi)(filtration) - (Pi+oc)(absorption)) |
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Term
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Definition
| positive Qf, fluid movement out of capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| negative Qf, fluid movement into capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| incrased flow responding to release of an arterial occlusion, sudden increase in Q causes compensatory decrease in R |
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Term
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Definition
| increased flow response due to increased tissue activity (skeletal mm. during exercise) |
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Term
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Definition
| cardiovascular centers in reticular formation, sympathetic/parasympathetic cell bodies |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Nucleus Tractus Solitarius |
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Definition
| receives afferent info from CN IX/X in baroflex |
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Term
| Carotid sinus/Aortic arch |
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Definition
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Term
| Carotid bodies/aortic bodies |
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Definition
| peripheral chemorereceptors, respond to decreased pO2 (hypoxia)/ increased pCO2/ increased H+ |
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Term
| Medullary neurons in CV center |
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Definition
| central chemoreceptors, sensitive to increased pCO2 and increased pH+ (not hypoxia) |
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Term
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Definition
| intense vagal discharge decreases HR, causes decreased TPR/CO, causes decreased cerebral perfusion (loss of consciousness) |
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Term
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Definition
| blood pools in extremities, decreased venous return to heart, causes decreased CO/MAP |
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Term
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Definition
| emotional/GI distress stimulates vagal afferents, icnreased vagal tone decreases HR |
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Term
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Definition
| straining against closed glottis, increased intrathoracic pressure cases decreased venous return/stroke volume/CO |
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Term
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Definition
| 120-139/80-89, encourage lifestyle modification |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 140-159/90-99, thiazide or ACEI/ARB/CCB/BB |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| hematocrit decreases with decreasing vessel diameter |
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Term
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Definition
| o(reflection coefficient) * R(gas constant) * T(absolute temperature) * (Ci-Co) (transmural concentration difference) |
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