Term
| What is the shear zone and where does deformation take place? |
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Definition
| Shear zone is the deformation in metal in a narrow band just ahead of the cutting tool. The deformation takes place in the shear zone. |
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Term
| What is the deformation of metal? |
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Definition
| Elastic (Metal springs back) and plastic(Metal deforms permanently) |
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Term
| The chip is always ___ than the feedrate. |
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Definition
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Term
| Types of chips, and the desired chip? |
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Definition
Continuous(Desirable)
Continuous with built-up edge
Segmented(Discontinuous) |
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Term
| Which chips make seasoned 6's or 9's? |
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Definition
| Continuous with a chip breaker. |
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Term
| What affects the formation of continuous chips? |
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Definition
Ductility of metal
Tool Geometry
Coefficient of friction between chip and cutting tool.
Use of cutting oils or coolant |
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Term
| What rake is more likely to make continuous chips? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is segmented chips form? |
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Definition
| On metal that is not ductile enough to create a continuous chip (Brass and Cast iron) |
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Term
| What are characteristics of ideal cutting tool material? |
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Definition
Hard
Tough
Thermal Shock Resistance
Chemically Inert |
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Term
| Retaining hardness at high cutting temps is? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ability of a tool to withstand mechanical shock without breaking |
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Term
| Characteristics of Carbon Tool Steel? |
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Definition
Not Common
Soften at 400 F
Half the CS of HSS |
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Term
| What red heat can HSS handle up to? and kinds of HSS |
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Definition
1000F or 538C
Tungsten and Molybdenum |
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Term
| What is added to HSS to improve red hardness but makes it harder to grind? What does it do to carbide? |
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Definition
| Cobalt. Acts as a binding agent for cobalt. |
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Term
| What is an advantage and disadvantage of Cast Alloy inserts? |
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Definition
2 to 2-1/2 times HSS for CS
Not as tough as HSS |
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Term
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Definition
Straight tungsten(Most wear resistant)
Crater-Resistant
Titanium
Coated |
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Term
| What does adding tantalum and niobium carbide do when added to tungsten carbide? |
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Definition
| Increase resistance to Cratering and shock resistance. |
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Term
| What are some characteristics of Titanium carbide? |
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Definition
Extremely hard
High Red Hardness( Up to 1600F or 875C)
Brittle
Contain Nickel an Molybdenum |
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Term
| What is the tool life of multi-layered carbides? |
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Definition
| 3-4 times longer than other inserts. |
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Term
| Where do you grind carbides? |
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Definition
| Silicone carbide and/or diamond wheels. |
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Term
| Manufacturing process of carbide inserts? |
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Definition
Cobalt and Additives+ Tungsten Carbide
-- Weighted and blended-- compaction--presintering--machine to shape--sintering--grinding and honing--application |
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Term
| Cermets are a combo of what? |
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Definition
| ceramics and metallic combination held together by binder of nickel, molybdenum and cobalt. |
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Term
| Types of carbide coatings? |
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Definition
Titanium carbide
titanium nitride
titanium carbon nitrife
aluminum oxide
multiple layered
alumina/titanium oxide |
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Term
| What coatings have good wear resistance and high toughness? |
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Definition
Titanium(Ti)
Titanium Nitride(TiN)
Titanium Carbon Nitride(TiCN) |
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Term
| What coating creates a rounded edge? Sharp edge? |
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Definition
1.Chemical vapour disposition
2.Physical vapour deposition |
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Term
| What types of ceramics are there? What is a disadvantage of ceramics? |
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Definition
A (Aluminum Oxide based)
B (Silicon Nitride based)
Ceramics need a very rigid setup (1-1/2 times tool thickness) |
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Term
| Types of Aluminum Oxide ceramics? |
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Definition
A1 pure(Very Hard)
A2 Mixed(High Thermal Shock Resistance)
A3 Reinforced( W/ whiskers to increase toughness, Wear Res., Thermal shock res., and red hardness) |
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Term
| What do you use to grind ceramics? |
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Definition
| resenoid bonded diamond wheels. |
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Term
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Definition
Extreme hardness
High Red Hard.
High Abrasion resistance
Good Chemical Stability
Brittle compared to carbide, tougher than ceramics |
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Term
| What is low PCBN content cutting tools used for? What about high PCBN? |
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Definition
Low: Finishing hardened steel to close tolerances
High: Interrupted cuts and high speeds(roughing) |
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Term
| Types of diamond cutting tools? |
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Definition
Single crystal natural
Polycrystalline Diamond
Chemically vapour-deposited |
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Term
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Definition
| polycrystalline diamond. A synthetic diamond powder sintered into a solid layer on top of a carbide substrate |
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Term
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Definition
| pure diamond deposited in coat of carbide or ceramic coating. |
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