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Cultures of Latin America
Final Review Set
26
Chemical Engineering
Undergraduate 1
12/08/2011

Additional Chemical Engineering Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Why is knowledge of Latin America essential to the survival of this country?
Definition

Political Ties within region
Revolutionary upheavals
Anti-American movements
Movements towards democracy
School of the Americas

Economic Interests within region

Term
Economic Interests within the region
Definition
-“One of four major trading partners”
-Trade agreements
-U.S. Investment
-Oil and other “critical” raw materials
-Mexico and Brazil may become new economic world powers soon
Term
Origin of term Latin America
Definition

“The phrase Latin America was popularized by mid-nineteenth century French, who thought that since their culture, like that of Spanish and Portuguese America, was “Latin” (ie. Romance language-speaking), France would claim imperial leadership throughout the continent” (Skidmore 2010).
Term
Argentina
Definition

-Push to “prosecute the military personnel and police who had killed the disappeared”-More than 10,000 suspects

-Economy push to clean foreign debt

-Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner
First Argentine Woman directly elected to presidency
Second woman President

Term
Uruguay/Paraguay
Definition

-90% is of Eueropean descent

-1-3 human cow ratio

-Emilio Bourdain

-1940s Frenchemigrated to emigrated to Uruguay

Capital of Paraguay is Asuncion

Term
Brazil
Definition
  • Military rule (1964-1984
  • 1964- General Humberto Castillo Branco

-Ousted Populist Joao Goulant

-Army Chiefs of staff gain power

-Repressive military rule and political violence

-Issued institutional Act 5

-Luiz Inacio "Lula" da Silva

-Dilma Rousseff

 

 

 


Term
Institutional Act 5
Definition

 

ÐShut down Congress

 

ÐSuspended habeas corpus

 

ÐExtended powers of the military to censor the press

 

ÐCurtailed democratic rights

 

Term
Dilma Rousseff
Definition

-1st woman president elected

-2nd woman president

Term
Luiz Inacio "Lula" da Silva
Definition

-2003-2010

-1st working class president

-Labor union leader

-founded workers party

Term
Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana
Definition
  • -Forgotten corner because little info is known, small area, and no international flights so little tourism
  • -In Guyana. 45% indian heritage, 30 west African and 17 mixed heritage
  • Suriname is Dutch speaking
  • French Guiana is not its own country but a French property

 

Term
Colombia
Definition
  • Simon Bolivar
  • Afro colombians given freedom through the wars of independence
  • Women played an important role in the wars of independence
Term
Gran Colombia
Definition
  • Venezuela
  • Colombia
  • Ecuador
Term
Simon Bolivar
Definition

 

  • Constitutional Charter of 1821

 

  • Law of Free Birth

 

  • “Indigenas”- term for Indigenous

 

Term
Puerto Rico
Definition

 

  • 1917-Puerto Rican residents granted U.S. citizenship
  • 1947-Puerto Rico attempted self-government
  • 1952- Island granted “commonwealth status” within the U.S. 
  • Operation Bootstrap (50s-60s) 
  • Governor Luis Muñoz Marín –Chief Executive

 

Term
Hugo Chavez
Definition
  • popular because he implemented many benifical reforms and improved living conditions
  • socialist
  • Venezuela( caracass)

 

Term
Dominican Republic
Definition
  • Asians and Koreans migrated to in the 40-50s
  • sancocho is made with leftover ingredients
  • Independence from France-1821
  • Independence from Haiti-1844
Term
Operation Bootstrap
Definition
  • US encouraged investments -tax holidays
  • Change in social/economic life
  • -sugar estates=factories
  • -industrilization thrived

Result Massive unemployment 

Migrations to U.S.= “Nuyoricans” (40%)

2 Puerto Ricos: “One on the Island and One on the Mainland”

 

Term
Cuba
Definition
  • Jose Marti
  • Independence. US battleship Maine exploded in Cuba port and blamed Spain. Spanish-American war where Spain withdrew.
Term
Jose Marti
Definition

"Raceless Society"

Liberatador de Cuba

Term
Grenada
Definition
  • Maurice Bishop
  • Ousted Gairy
  • Prime Minister of Grenada
  • New Jewel Movement
Term
Jamaica
Definition
  • jah is God
  • rastafari is natural living
  • ganja is a natural herb
  • Jah-b loves castro because he gives an equal share to everyone
Term
Trinidad and Tobago
Definition
  • improved health care, decrease mortaility rates and improve education
  • most forced into prostitution and drugs
  • Need to even the distibution of wealth
Term
Curacao-Aruba-Bonaire
Definition
  • Dutch enriched themselves by the transatlantic slave trade and piracy
  • west indies compant is govt trade. tried trade monopoly
  • 20% of slaves died due to hard conditions, disease, and poor nutrition.
  • Papiamento is the language which incorporates, spanish, french, dutch and english
Term
Haiti
Definition
  • 1791- Haitian rebels "Black Jacobins" revolt under leadership of Toussaint
  • Wanted Sovereignty under France
  • 2nd free nation in the Americas
  • 1st independent black country in the world
Term
Jean Jacques Dessalines
Definition
  • Lieutenant of Toussaint Lead Haiti to IndependenceJanuary 1, 1804
  • Haiti proclaimed nation free from colonial rule
Term
La Espania Feud
Definition
  • 1795- spain ceded DR to France
  • 1804- Haiti independence
  • 1821 spanish restored to power
  • 1822-1844 Haitian occupation
  • 1844 independence from Haiti
  • 1861-1865 returned to spanish by president
  • 1865- “Guerra de la Restauracion” –Restoration of Dominican Sovereignty against Spanish forces
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