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culture and social anthro
test on kinship,
39
Anthropology
Undergraduate 1
03/30/2008

Additional Anthropology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Kinship
Definition
system of culturally defined social relationship based on marriage and birth
Term
kin term
Definition
words used to denote kinds of relatives. ex uncle
Term
biological kin types
Definition
terms for actual relationship. ex father's brother
Term
patrilineal
Definition
traced kinship through father's side
Term
matrlineal
Definition
traced kinship through mother's side
Term

marriage

Definition
socially approved union between a man and a woman
Term
Incest
Definition
sexual relations or marriage between classes of kin
Term
endogamy
Definition
marriage within a group to which one belongs
Term
exogamy
Definition
practice of marrying outside one's group
Term
brideprice
Definition
customary gift before, during, after marriage from husband and his kin to the wife and her kin. This represents the price of the bride's services to the family.
Term
dowry
Definition

customary gift from wife's kin to husband's kin

Term
monogamy
Definition

single marriage between two people

Term
polygamy
Definition
plural marriage. one married to more than one partner
Term
polygyny
Definition
man has more than one wife
Term
polyandry
Definition

woman has more than one husband

Term
faternal polyandry
Definition
help achieve a higher standard of living and prevents division of inheirtance
Term
leadership vs. authority
Definition

Leadership has the ability to guide and persuade, but cannot make group do anything.

 

Authority has ability to make group do whatever no need for persuading.

Term
band
Definition

small group, no larger than extended family

 elders looked to as leaders

no written laws

Term
Chiefdom
Definition

more organized than tribe or band less than state

very unstable

early germanic tribes

different castes

Term
Azande Witchcraft
Definition
anything bad happens its witch craft
Term
myth
Definition
sacred story dealing with origins of the world
Term
magic
Definition

beliefs, superstition, and rituals passed from generation to generation

Term
supernatural
Definition

pertains to entities, events or powers regarded as beyond nature, in that they cannot be explained by the laws of the natural world

 

i.e. religious miracles

Term
caste
Definition
Caste systems are hereditary systems of social class with cultural pluralism in many parts of the world
Term
class
Definition

Social class refers to the hierarchical distinctions (or stratification) between individuals or groups in societies or cultures.

 

found mostly in nation states

Term
High School Social Categories
Definition

Jock

nerds

nobodies

burnouts

popular kids

class officers

 

most feel division in money and where they lived

Term
Bell Curve
Definition

debates about whether or not race plays a role in determining intelligence

 

factors in parental education, urbanizaton, neighborhood, family size, language, home ownership

Term

Ethnicity

Definition

more specified than race.

 

group of humans that who identify with each other based on lingustics, ancestory, behavior, and biological traits

Term
Race
Definition
Division of people generally based on outward appearance
Term
hypodescent
Definition
practice of determining the lineage of a child of mixed race ancestry by assigning the child the race of his or her more socially subordinate parent
Term
Patriarchy
Definition
describes the structuring of society on the basis of family units, in which fathers have primary responsibility for the welfare of these units
Term
matriarchy
Definition
mother has primary responsibility over the family
Term
sex vs. gender
Definition

sex is the biological feature

gender is the cultured or learned significance of sex

Term
social stratification
Definition

regular experiences unequal access to valued economic resources and prestige

 

gender

class

caste

Term
division of labor
Definition

doesnt imply social stritification

gender division is evident in all cultures

mens tasks are typically valued over those of women

not determined by biological differences between the sexes

 

male

public, social, culture

 

female

private, domestic, nature

Term
colonialism
Definition

political and economic domination of a territory by a foreigncountry for an extended period of time

Term
globalism
Definition
global intergration of different cultures into a single economic system
Term
Acculuration
Definition
process of aquiring culture traits as a result important in inner clan trade
Term
Syncretism
Definition
consists of the attempt to reconcile disparate or contradictory beliefs, often while melding practices of various schools of thought
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