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Cultural Review
Culture KEY TERMS PART 2
55
Psychology
Graduate
09/21/2013

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Term
Diversity
Definition
Having distinct forms & qualities
Term
Client Centered practice
Definition
Focuses on the individ. clients with whom we work, attempting to understand their beliefs/values & dreams in order to collaboratively develop appropriate & meaningful interventions.
Term
Racism
Definition
The assessment of individual worth on the basis of real or imputed group characteristics.
Term

Cultural Diff. NOT related to Race & Ethnicity

D.SS.E

R.O.A.P

Definition
*Diff. in Class *Socioeconomic Status *Education *Religion *Sexual Orientation *Age * Political Views
Term
Prejudice
Definition
Preconceived ideas and attitudes usually negative about a paticular group of ppl, often without full examination of the facts
Term
Stereotyping
Definition
Occurs when one attributes certain characteristics to an entire group of ppl or exaggerated image of their characteristics, without regard to individ. attributes
Term
Ethnocentrism
Definition
The tendency of ppl to put their own group at the center, see things through own culture and compare other cultures according to their own.
Term
Discrimination
Definition
Denies equal treatment to people because of their membership in some group and can occur at many levels including individual, institutional or organizational
Term
Client Centered Care
Definition
Supports the premise that a client is capable of leading the therapy process & making decisions about his/her healthcare & that therapy is a collaborative process btwn the client and practitioner.
Term
Multiculturalism
Definition
AN ideal in which diverse groups in a society coexist amicably retaning their individual cultural identities
Term
Occupational Choice
Definition
Determined by ones values, interests, beliefs, social situations,gender,age,sexual id, phys/cognitive/emotional abilties.
Term
Occupational performance
Definition
The accomplishment of the selected occupation resulting from the dynamic transaction among the client, the context, and environment & the activity.
Term
Biomedical model
Definition
Based on scientific knowledge that attributes health and illness to physiological, biological, and scientifically explainable changes in ones body.
Term
Folk practices
Definition
traditional home remedies used by certain family, ethnic, & cultural groups. to counteract illness & support wellness.
Term
Individualistic society
Definition
Believe in individual rights, each person within family is viewed as separate entity.
Term
Collectivist society
Definition
Put more value on the family as a unit/ focus on WE as opposed to I
Term
Low touch societies
Definition
Tend to avoid touch, esp. in public except in greetings such as a handshake
Term
High touch societies
Definition
Seek out touch as a means of communication and are comfortable with casual touch.
Term
Proxemics
Definition
Measurable distance between people as they interact
Term
Cultural responsive caring
Definition
Being open to the proces of building mutually with a client & accepting the cultural specific knowledge one has about a group may or may not apply to the client they are currently treating.
Term
Cultural emergent
Definition
suggests that the symbolic aspects of culture and cultural identity emerge in interaction & are displayed through talk and action.
Term
Cultural congruence
Definition
Describes how health professionals think & act in ways that fit with a persons or groups beliefs and cultural style.
Term
Socioeconomic Status
Definition
SES refers to the occupational,educational, & income achievements of individuals or groups.
Term
Class
Definition
A group of individuals sharing a common situation within a social structure of ownership and control of the means of production.
Term
Social mobility
Definition
Dictated by class status, recognition that ones social class & SES expose a persons conditions that might be good or bad for their health
Term
Social inequality
can be linked to racial inequality/gender inequality
Definition
Individual grps in a society do not have equal social status
Term
Health disparity
Definition
A gap in access to healthcare treatment provided & health outcomes that are unfair. result of social inequalities/ improper actions by professionals
Term
Ageism
Definition
Discrimination based on Age
Term
Disability
Definition
Assoc with disadvantage regardless of individual skills or financial resources.
Term
poverty
Definition
Lack of material resources that are necessary for subsistence.
Term
working poor
Definition
People who work Full Time but are still not above poverty line
Term
New poor
Definition
People who have fallen into poverty bc of sudden unexpected circumstances: illness/laid off
Term
Occupational apartheid
Definition
Segregation of groups of ppl based on lack of meaningful participation in daily life occupations.
Term
Disease/Disorder
Definition
Biologically based problem, persons functional abilities have been disrupted.
ex:carpal tunnel syndrome
Term
Illness
Definition
Negative changes in a persons well being & social position within a group
Term
Health
Definition
Absence of illness
Term
Schemas
Definition
Ways of organizing complex info to help guide thinking
Term
Cultural schemas
Definition
Allows a therapist to systematically view the influence of culture on specific behaviors and characteristics
Term
Person schema
Definition
Personal traits identified in others and predicts the social interaction between inidividuals based on expected behaviors
Term
Self schema
Definition
The characteristics/traits a person asigns to themselves, ex: athletic
Term
Role Schema
Definition
A role within a culture and the expected behaviors of a person in that position
Term
Event schema
Definition
Organize sequences of well-known situations-america, childs first day of school!
Term
Independent Cultural Grp
Definition
Encourage independence in children/inquistiveness in USA
Term
Interdependent Cultural Grp
Definition
Strong connections btwn members within a cultural group and the understanding that an individuals behavior has an impact on others
Term
Individualistic-EXAMPLE
Definition
European Americans tend to be individualistic often exhibit assertive behaviors when working towards a goal.
Term
Collectivistic-EXAMPLE
Definition
Japanese tend to be collectivistic, avoid conflict, more motivated by a concern for relationship with others when engaged in tasks
Term
Passive Acceptance View Point
Definition
Cultures that endorse a stance of living in harmony with nature or being subjucated to nature represent a passive acceptance viewpoint
Term
Active Achievement
Definition
Reccomends intervention services so that the childs ability to engage in activities can be changed
Term
Authoritarianism
Definition
Preference for obedience to a clearly identified authority, with individual freedoms viewed as unimportant.
Term
Egalitarianism
Definition
Preference for affirmation of the individual and allows for negotiation in authority relationships with consideration of individual differences
Term
Egalitarian
Definition
Used to reflect the equal authority of members within a specific cultural grp.
Term
Expressive/overt communication
Definition
Conveys feelings, ideas, or moods in an open rather than a hidden or controlled manner.
Term
Restrained formal communication
Definition
requires governing ones emotions or passions and adhering to traditional standards of correctness and without emotional content.
Term
Absolute Poverty
Definition
Severe conditions of inadequate shelter, poor nutrition and increased risk for delays/ disability
Term
Relative poverty
Definition
Those who can afford some basic necessities but unable to maintain an average standard of living.
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