Term
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Definition
| Health beliefs and practices that are derived from current scientific models and involve the use of technology and other modalities of present-day health care. Major focus is on physical health, with consideration of mental health. |
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Term
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Definition
| an object with magical powers, such as a charm, worn on a string or chain around the neck, wrist, or waist to protect the wearer from both physical and psychic illness, harm, and misfortune |
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Term
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Definition
| ancient science that uses essential plant oils to produce strong physical and emotional effects in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| The use of an electronic machine to measure skin temperatures. The patient controls responses that are usually involuntary. Involves measuring a subject's quantifiable bodily functions such as blood pressure, heart rate, skin temperature, sweat gland activity, and muscle tension, conveying the information to the patient in real-time. This raises the patient's awareness and conscious control of their involuntary physiologic activities |
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Term
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Definition
| a simmered tea made from the bark, root, seed, or berry of a plant |
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Term
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Definition
| health beliefs and practices of indigenous cultural development; not practiced in many of the tenets of modern medicine |
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Term
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Definition
| evil spell, misfortune, or bad luck that one person can impose on another |
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Term
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Definition
| Belief that the body itself will correct disease state. A system of medicine based on the belief that a disease can be cured by minute doses of a substance that, if given to a healthy person in large doses, would produce the same symptoms that the person being treated is experiencing |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of hypnosis to stimulate emotions and control involuntary responses |
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Term
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Definition
| Diet and lifestyle from the Far East adapted for the United States by Michio Kushif. The principles of this vegetarian diet consist of balancing yin and yang energies of food |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of manipulative techniques to relieve pain and return energy to the body |
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Term
| Overheating therapy (hyperthermia) |
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Definition
| used since the time of the ancient Greeks, the natural immune system is stimulated with heat to kill pathogens |
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Term
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Definition
| a hot, soft, moist mass of herbs, flour, mustard, and other substances spread on muslin and placed on a sore body part |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of the natural environment and of herbs, plants, minerals, and animal substances to prevent and treat illness |
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Term
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Definition
| a belief that performing an action, wearing a charm or amulet, or eating something will have an influence on life events. These beliefs are upheld by magic and faith |
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Term
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Definition
| a consecrated religious object that confers power of various kinds and protects people who wear, carry, or own them from harm and evil |
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Term
| Preserve, protect, and restore health |
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Definition
| Goals of traditional health maintenance: |
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Term
| physical, mental, spiritual |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a belief that someone can project harm by gazing or staring at another’s property or person. One of oldest of superstitions worldwide |
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Term
| use protective objects, use substances, practice religion |
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Definition
| Traditional practices to protect against evil eye: |
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Term
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Definition
| Japanese amulet made of cloth, supposed to bring good luck to bearer |
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Term
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Definition
| Tradition states that the more the root resembles _____, the more effect it has. (most popular root in use is ginseng) |
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Term
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Definition
| Popular Jewish diet which eliminates pig products and shellfish |
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Term
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Definition
| Chinese theory that believes in balance of two opposing forces (also applicable to foods) |
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Term
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Definition
| the health practices, approaches, knowledge and beliefs incorporating plant, animal and mineral based medicines, spiritual therapies, manual techniques and exercises, applied singularly or in combination to treat, diagnose and prevent illnesses or maintain well-being |
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Term
| Natural or Rational folk medicine |
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Definition
| uses of herbs, plants, minerals and animal substances to prevent and treat illness. e.g. teas, garlic, ergot |
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Term
| Magico-religious or occult folk medicine |
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Definition
| use of charms, holy words or holy actions to prevent and cure illness. e.g. voodoo, botanicas |
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Term
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Definition
| retail store (cater to Latino population) which sells folk medicine, religious candles and statuary, amulets, and other products regarded as magical or as alternative medicine. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dominant health care philosophy in U.S.? |
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Term
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Definition
| A system of medicine that combats disease by using remedies that produce effects in a healthy subject that are different (hence Greek root allo- "different") from the effects produced by the disease to be treated |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of shaking substance between each dilution, removes the toxic effects of the remedy while the qualities of the substance are retained by the diluent (water, sugar, or alcohol). The end product is often so diluted that it is indistinguishable from pure water, sugar or alcohol. Almost like a placebo effect. |
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Term
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Definition
| any form of practice that is outside the realm of conventional modern medicine. It covers a broad range of healing philosophies, approaches, and therapies. Most of these treatments and health care practices are not taught widely in medical schools. Examples are naturopathy, chiropractic, ayurveda, homeopathy and acupuncture |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of alternative medicine in conjunction with conventional (Westernized) medicine |
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Term
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Definition
| A term for combining western and alternative medicine into the same practice or health care plan |
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Term
1. Alternative Medical Systems
2. Mind-Body Interventions
3. Biologically Based Theories
4. Manipulative and Body Based Methods
5. Energy Therapies |
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Definition
| Name the 5 NCCAM Classifications: |
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Term
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Definition
| A dietary regimen that involves eating grains as a staple food supplemented with other foodstuffs such as vegetables and beans, and avoiding the use of highly processed or refined foods. Recommends overeating and thoroughly chewing food. Follows yin and yang balance |
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Term
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Definition
| Ancient Hindu system of health care that is native to the Indian subcontinent. Translates into "the knowledge of life". Uses diet, natural therapies and herbs. emphasizes the use of body, mind, and spirit in disease prevention and treatment, including massage, herbal medicine, and practices and beliefs based on Hinduism |
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Term
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Definition
| traditional folk healer or shaman in Hispanic America, who is dedicated to curing physical and/or spiritual illnesses. Use herbs and other natural remedies to cure, also use supernatural methods. Believe cause of many illnesses are malevolent spirits |
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Term
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Definition
| manipulation of the spine to restore “vital energy” to the brain. focuses on the relationship between bodily structure and function, and how that relationship affects the preservation and restoration of health. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Believe person is the focal point |
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Term
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Definition
| Cure without drugs/surgery, allow body to heal naturally |
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Term
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Definition
| the will of the mind or faith to cure a disease |
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Term
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Definition
| trance state induced by the will of an operator. |
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Term
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Definition
| religious belief system established by Mary Baker Eddy during the 19th century and practiced most prominently by members of the Church of Christ, Scientist |
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Term
| fire, air, earth, water, ether. |
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Definition
| 5 Elements of Life that Ayurveda is based off of: |
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Term
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Definition
| emphasizes the whole person - physical, mental, emotional and spiritual - as well as personal responsibility and participation in one's own health care |
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Term
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Definition
| is based on how factors in our environment - foods, chemicals, water, air quality affect us. Treatment ranges from environmental control to immunotherapy |
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Term
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Definition
| is an AM approach in which practitioners work with natural healing forces within the body, with a goal of helping the body heal from disease and attain better health. Practices may include dietary modifications, massage, exercise, acupuncture, minor surgery, herbal, and various other interventions |
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Term
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Definition
| manipulate muscle and connective tissue to enhance function of those tissues and promote relaxation and well-being |
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Term
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Definition
| Name for energy centers in body that influence your mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical health. Connect mind and body, should be kept clear and positive. Belief of Yoga, Swami's, and sorcery |
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Term
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Definition
| oldest recorded medical discipline |
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Term
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Definition
| In Ayurvedic religion, imbalances in physiologic principles, responsible for illness, are called ______ |
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Term
| Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine |
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Definition
| First and most important classic text of Traditional Chinese Medicine. |
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Term
| Treatise on Diseases Caused by Cold Factors (Shang Han Lun) |
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Definition
| Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine book, still in use today |
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Term
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Definition
| How many main meridians are there? |
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Term
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Definition
| Meridians are maps of the body and each one is tied to a specific ______ |
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Term
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Definition
The ________ is a organ without an exact location.
It is the relationship between the water organs--particularly the lungs, spleen, kidneys, small intestine, and bladder. |
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Term
| water, fire, wood, metal, earth |
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Definition
| Name the five elements that emerged from the observation of the various groups of dynamic processes, functions and characteristics in the natural world |
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Term
| Acupuncture, Herbal Remedies, Diet and Nutrition, Mental and Emotional Balance, Spiritual |
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Definition
| Common treatments in Traditional Chinese Medicine: |
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Term
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Definition
| Technique based on belief in universal life force – “Qi” |
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Term
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Definition
| The ______ provide locations for needle insertion to affect Qi |
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Term
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Definition
| Means numbness, fullness, or tingling |
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Term
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Definition
| Defined as the integrated pattern of human behavior that includes thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values and institutions of a racial, ethnic, religious or social group |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of involuntarily adapting to another culture; acquiring the majority group's culture over time and several generations |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of becoming absorbed into another culture and adopting its characteristics; developing a new cultural identity |
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Term
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Definition
| nonphysical traits, such as values, beliefs, attitudes, and customs, that are shared by a group of people and passed from one generation to the next; a meta-communication system |
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Term
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Definition
| denying people equal opportunity by acting on a prejudice |
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Term
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Definition
| a cultural group's sense of identification associated with the group's common social and cultural heritage. Religion is a key component |
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Term
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Definition
| the observance of the beliefs and practices of one's traditional cultural belief system. Accepts change |
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Term
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Definition
| the observance of the beliefs and practices of one's acculturated belief system. Resists change |
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Term
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Definition
| negative beliefs or preferences that are generalized about a group and that lead to "prejudgment." |
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Term
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Definition
| the belief that members of one race are superior to those of other races |
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Term
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Definition
| belief in a divine or superhuman power or powers to be obeyed and worshipped as the creator(s) and ruler(s) of the universe |
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Term
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Definition
| process of being raised within a culture and acquiring the characteristics of the given group |
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Term
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Definition
| the area surrounding a person's body and the objects within that area |
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Term
| The notion that all people from a given group are the same |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| morbid fear of strangers /ideas and beliefs |
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Term
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Definition
| Within the healthcare delivery system, providers respond with respect and empathy to people of all cultures, classes, races, religions and ethnic backgrounds in a manner that recognizes, affirms and values the worth of individuals, families, and communities. |
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Term
| 1) Intimate zone - up to 1.5 feet, 2) personal distance - 1.5-4 feet, 3) social distance - 4-12 feet (ie. corporate meetings), 4) public distance - more than 12 feet (ie. seminars) |
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Definition
| What are the 4 zones of space? |
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Term
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Definition
| Driving force for practice in a culturally competent service is _______, not by culturally blind or culturally free interventions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Culturally competent organizations have a service delivery model that recognizes _____ as an integral and inseparable aspect of primary health care. |
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Term
models or frameworks
(2 major types of models are multiple dimensions of cultural competence, and betancourt's framework) |
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Definition
| The dimensions of cultural competence have been incorporated into _______ to facilitate delivery of a culturally competent healthcare service to various ethnic grouops. |
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Term
| 1) organizational, 2) structural, 3) clinical |
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Definition
| Betancourt's framework: 3 points of intervention? |
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Term
| 1) global society, 2) community, 3) family, 4) person |
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Definition
| 4 components of Purnell Model: |
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Term
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Definition
| exploration of one’s own background and surrounding environment |
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Term
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Definition
| becoming familiar with cultural aspects of a group |
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Term
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Definition
| engaging in interaction with people of a different racial or ethnic group |
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Term
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Definition
| acquire specific interventions and/or remedies to help ethnic patients. |
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Term
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Definition
| genuine motivation and desire to want to learn and get involved with a diverse group of patient populations |
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Term
| Positive, Existential, Negative |
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Definition
| Cultural Empowerment PEN model: |
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Term
| Perceptions, Enablers, Nurturers |
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Definition
| Relations/Expectations PEN model: |
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Term
| Person, Extended family, Neighborhood |
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Definition
| Cultural Identity PEN model: |
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Term
| Listen, Explain, Acknowledge, Recommend, Negotiate |
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Definition
| Berlin and Fowkes' LEARN Model: |
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Term
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Definition
| process through which health educators identify, analyze, and prioritize the neeeds or problems of the group or community that they have selected to work with |
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Term
| surveys, focus groups, nominal group, community forum |
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Definition
| Examples of primary data collection: |
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Term
| local agencies, organizations, government |
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Definition
| Examples of secondary Data collection: |
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Term
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Definition
| Major goal for PRECEDE-PROCEED: |
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Term
| emphasizes implementation |
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Definition
|
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Term
| places consumer at center of program design |
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Definition
| Major goal for CDC-Cynergy: |
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Term
| Places consumer at center of program design |
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Definition
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Term
| development of theory-based interventions (make a hypothesis and then implement) |
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Definition
| Major goal of Intervention Mapping: |
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Term
| 1) PRECEDE-PROCEED, 2) MATCH, 3) CDC-Cynergy, 4) SMART, 5) Intervention Mapping |
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Definition
| Name 5 health planning models: |
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Term
| 1) identification of health problems, 2) planning and development of intervention, 3) implementation |
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Definition
| Name 3 goals common to all health care models: |
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Term
| message itself, communication medium,sender, receiver |
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Definition
| What are the key components of the communication model? |
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Term
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Definition
| involves tools/means used for communication such as codes, symbols, images, metaphors, meanings and the context between the sender and receiver |
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Term
1) Sterilization programs - IHS and Puerto Rico (mandated sterilization for women who had "too many kids")
2) Tuskegee Syphilis Study (participated in syphilis study and penicillin was not offered to them when it was discovered) |
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Definition
| What are two major examples of misunderstanding/miscommunication involving unethical practices that occurred in US? |
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Term
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Definition
| What study was cited as "arguably the most infamous biomedical research study in US history"? |
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Term
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Definition
| an alien entering the United States for permanent (or temporary) residence. (green card, visa) |
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Term
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Definition
| people of color - Blacks, Asian/Pacific Islanders, American Indians, Eskimos, or Aleuts, and Hispanics - who are expected to constitute a majority of the U.S. population by the year 2020. |
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Term
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Definition
| the social blending of cultures |
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Term
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Definition
| a person who is allowed to enter the country temporarily under certain conditions, such as a crewman, student, or temporary worker |
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Term
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Definition
| a lawfully admitted alien |
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Term
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Definition
| a person of foreign origin who has entered the country unlawfully by bypassing inspection, or who has overstayed the original terms of his/her visa |
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Term
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Definition
| In the US Census, which group had the highest percentage of people 65+ years old? |
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Term
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Definition
| By the year 2020, ____ % of our population will be 65+ |
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Term
| American Indians, Aleuts,and Eskimos |
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Definition
| What groups are considered to be "native to US"? |
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Term
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Definition
| What state has the greatest concentration of forein-born people? |
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Term
| 1) permanent resident alien (legal) 2) Illegal aliens, entry w/o inspection |
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Definition
| What are the 2 classifications of Aliens? |
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Term
| the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) |
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Definition
| Who establishes poverty thresholds? |
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Term
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Definition
| In 2000, what was considered to be the poverty level for a family of 4? |
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Term
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Definition
| Defined as the "set of factors or events by which poverty, once started, is likely to continue unless there is outside intervention" |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of poverty that can be traced to a specific incident within the lifetimes of the person or family members. (ie. Illness – leading cause of bankruptcy is med costs) |
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Term
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Definition
| Poverty that passes from generation to generation |
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Term
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Definition
| What county spends more on health care (on a per-capita basis, and as a proportion of GDP) than any other nation? |
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Term
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Definition
| For each dollar spent on health care in US, ____ cents comes from government. |
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Term
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Definition
| Healthcare program for elderly (65+) and people with disabilities |
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Term
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Definition
| Provides coverage to the poor |
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Term
| State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) |
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Definition
| extends coverage to low-income families with children. |
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Term
| Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) - 1986 |
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Definition
| What act required hospital ER's to treat all patient emergency conditions regardless of ability to pay? |
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Term
| 1) increase lifespan 2) eliminate health disparities |
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Definition
| What are the two major goals of Healthy People 2010 act? |
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Term
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Definition
| Defined as differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases and other adverse health conditions that exist among specific population groups in the United States |
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Term
1. Infant Mortality
2. Cancer Screening and Management
3. Cardiovascular Disease
4. Diabetes
5. HIV Infection/AIDS
6. Immunizations |
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Definition
| What are the six focus areas in which racial and ethnic minorities experience serious disparities in health access and outcomes? |
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Term
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Definition
| ______ is the 2nd leading cuase of death for most racial and ethnic minorities in US. It is the #1 killer for asians and Pacific Islanders |
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Term
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Definition
| ________, the largest Hispanic subgroup, are over twice as likely to have diagnosed diabetes than U.S. non-Hispanic whites |
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Term
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Definition
| _____ is the leading cause of death across most racial and ethnic minority communities in the US. |
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Term
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Definition
| Racial and ethnic minorities accounted for almost __ percent of the newly diagnosed cases of HIV and AIDS in 2003. |
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Term
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Definition
| In 2003, ___ percent of babies born with HIV/AIDS belong to minority groups. |
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Term
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Definition
| _____ is the leading cause of death in African American women aged 25-34 and the 3rd leading cause of death in African American men of same age group. |
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Term
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Definition
| ________ accounted for 50% of all HIV/AIDS cases diagnosed in 2003 |
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Term
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Definition
| African Americans are almost ____ as likely to have a first-time stroke as Whites |
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Term
| Title VI of the Civil Rights Act |
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Definition
| States "No person in the United States shall, on the grounds of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance." |
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Term
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Definition
| Title VI of Civil Rights Act does not mention _____ at all, but the reach has been applied to this area |
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Term
|
Definition
| Individual health care providers who receive payments for services under Medicaid and other federal programs other than Medicare Part B (physician payments) are also subject to the requirements of _______ |
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Term
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Definition
| defined as “a multidimensional issue encompassing the ability to read, understand and use health information to make appropriate healthcare decisions and follow treatment plans that allow patients to manage their health and improve the quality of their lives”. |
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Term
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Definition
| Scale that attempts to measure sexual orientation, from 0 (exclusively heterosexual) to 6 (exclusively homosexual) |
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Term
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Definition
| the genetic distinction between male and female |
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Term
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Definition
| the societal construct that is associated with men (masculinity) and women (femininity). |
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Term
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Definition
| People whose gender identity differs from that assigned at birth |
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Term
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Definition
| Identifies with a gender other than the birth gender, often transitions hormonally or surgically |
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Term
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Definition
| Comfortable with physical birth gender, but occasionally dresses and takes on the mannerisms of the opposite gender |
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Term
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Definition
| Dresses as the opposite sex for entertainment or for work, may or may not identify as transgender |
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Term
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Definition
| Regardless of the motivation, a person who wears clothes, make-up, etc. which are considered by culture appropriate for the opposite gender, but not one’s own. |
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Term
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Definition
| a term given to those who dress in clothing of the opposite sex for reasons other than entertainment and/or special occasions. |
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Term
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Definition
| usually a man who dresses in female clothes and make-up for special occasions and usually because they are performing or entertaining as a hostess, stage artist or an event. |
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Term
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Definition
| An individual who is born with external/internal genitalia and/or secondary sex characteristics determined as neither exclusively male nor female |
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Term
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Definition
| A term used by individuals (for example, woman-living-man,) who are part of a American Indian and Canadian First Nations indigenous groups. Usually implies both a masculine and feminine spirit living in the same body |
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Term
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Definition
| It is sexual _______, not sexual orientation, determines STD/STI risk |
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Term
|
Definition
| Nearly _____ of all adolescent male suicide attempts are linked to a crisis over sexual orientation |
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Term
|
Definition
| FDA bans ______ from participating in blood drives and sperm banks |
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Term
|
Definition
| Leading cause of hepatitis in U.S. |
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Term
|
Definition
| optimal functioning with freedom from disease |
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Term
|
Definition
| perceptions of a given person's status |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| meaning of sickness to a given person, from health to the onset of an illness event to the outcome of the given event. |
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Term
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Definition
| the expectations and responsibilities of a person throughout the stages he passes through while sick. |
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Term
| WHO definition of "health" |
|
Definition
| a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease |
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Term
| American Heritage Dictionary definition of "health" |
|
Definition
| state of an organism functioning normal without disease or abnormality |
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Term
| reflexology (zone therapy) |
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Definition
| is the practice of massaging, squeezing, or pushing on parts of the feet, or sometimes the hands and ears, with the goal of encouraging a beneficial effect on other parts of the body, or to improve general health |
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Term
|
Definition
| For adults, overweight and obesity ranges are determined by using weight and height to calculate a number called the ________ |
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Term
|
Definition
| An adult who has a BMI between 25 and 29.9 is considered ___________ |
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Term
|
Definition
| An adult who has a BMI of 30 or higher is considered _________ |
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Term
| patient knows something is wrong |
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Definition
| Symptom experience stage (of illness experience) |
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Term
| validation from family/social network |
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Definition
| Sick role stage (of illness experience) |
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Term
| stage- patient seeks validation from healthcare provider |
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Definition
| Medical care contact stage (of illness experience) |
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Term
| now under the control of the physician/provider and prescribed treatment |
|
Definition
| Dependent-Patient role stage (of illness experience) |
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Term
| resumption to previous state; no longer a patient |
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Definition
| Recovery or Rehab stage (of illness experience) |
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Term
|
Definition
| meaning and behavioral response to the first sign of illness symptoms |
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Term
| Onset, Diagnosis, Patient status, Recovery |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| a written, legal document that describes the kind of medical treatments or life-sustaining treatments you would want if you were seriously or terminally ill |
|
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Term
| Durable Power of Attorney |
|
Definition
| states whom you have chosen to make health care decisions for you. It becomes active any time you are unconscious or unable to make medical decisions |
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Term
|
Definition
| request not to have cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if your heart stops or if you stop breathing |
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Term
| Post-traumatic Stress disorder |
|
Definition
syndrome, which occurs after a traumatic event, can be divided into three categories of symptoms:
(1) intrusive symptoms,
(2) avoidance symptoms
(3) symptoms of increased arousal |
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|
Term
1) concern for safety of other people
2) concern for public welfare |
|
Definition
| Two exceptions to confidentiatlity of patient: |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ancient medical art that is based on belief in universal life force – “Qi” |
|
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Term
| reaction to chemo, depression, dysentery, hypertension, induction of labor, leukopenia, correct malposition of fetus, treatment of stroke |
|
Definition
| WHO found acupuncture to be effective treatment for these conditions: |
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Term
| acne, alcohol dependence, asthma, cardiac neurosis, diabetes, female infertility, hyperlipidemia, drug and tobacco dependence, nosebleed, obesity |
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Definition
| WHO needed more info to determine if acupuncture was effective for these: |
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|
Term
| adult post-operative or chemo related nausea and vomiting, post-operative dental pain |
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Definition
| According to NIH, acupuncture is promising treatment for these problems: |
|
|
Term
| addictions, headache, menstrual cramps, tennis elbow, fibromyalgia, myofascial pain, osteoarthritis, low back pain, carpal tunnel syndrome |
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Definition
| According to NIH, acupuncture is useful adjunct alternative for these: |
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|
Term
| sedation, vasovagal syncope |
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Definition
| Most common complications in acupuncture: |
|
|
Term
| endocardities, cardiac tamponade, pneumothorax, aneurysm formation |
|
Definition
| Most severe complications with acupuncture: |
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Term
The traumatic event may be persistently re-experienced.
Intrusive recollections of the event.
Distressing dreams of the event.
Reliving the experience.
Intense psychologic distress at exposure to new events that may symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event. |
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Definition
| PTSD - Intrusive symptoms: |
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|
Term
Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma.
avoid thoughts or feelings associated with the trauma.
avoid activities that arouse recollections of the trauma.
Inability to recall important aspects of the trauma.
Diminished interest in activities.
Feelings of detachment from others.
Restricted range of emotions.
Sense of a foreshortened future. |
|
Definition
| PTSD - Avoidance symptoms: |
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|
Term
Persistent symptoms of increased arousal (hyperactive state).
Difficulty falling or staying asleep.
Irritability and hypervigilance.
Difficulty concentrating.
Exaggerated startle response.
Physiologic reactivity. |
|
Definition
| PTSD - Increased arousal symptoms: |
|
|
Term
| Partnership, Empathy, Apology/acknowledgement, Respect, Legitimation, Support |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any person who, owing to a well-found fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside of his country of his nationality and is unable, or owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country. |
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