A generalized statement of belief or value

(links 2 or more words or signs- A=B)

The act of defending or explaining or making excuses for by reasoning

(relates to social drama)

Social Drama

a process that has four stages:

offense, call to redress, account and response

BASICALLY: a situation where someone invokes a moral rule,

is questioned, has opportunity to respond, and the response is

either accepted or is denied

Myth

Narrative or story

with a sacred element,

fictive

A vehicle for conception,

tangible formulations of notions,

abstractions from experience

fixed in perceptable forms,

 concrete embodiments of ideas,

attitudes, judgements, longings or beliefs

Force

Telling of an event, or a series of

events, either true or fictitious

(elements of story: agents, actions, results, agency)

what is,

 what can be,

attributes,

existence,

possibility

Socially constructed and historically transmitted system of symbols and meanings pertaining to communication.

 A system that is part of a larger culture.

Connects and links one phenomena with another.

Specifies what should and shouldn't be done

A prescription for how to act under specific circumstances,

which has force in a particular social group

Offense

Call to Redress (challenge)

Account (respond to challenge)

Response (to the response)

1. The study of distinctive ways of communicating in commercial conversations

2. The meaningful, consequential activity by which individuals and communities come to terms with what they are and will be

Ethnography of Speaking

 (2 assumptions)

1.Speaking varies cross culturally 

2. Speaking is a key to social life

speaking is social

 speaking is distinctive

speaking is structured

s-scene p-participants e-ends a-acts

 k-key (tone)

 i-instrumentalities n-norms g-genres

1.The freedom to persue a career and

achieve personal development

 2. "communication" with Ted, to talk through her

problem of feeling emotionally constricted

6 Propositions of Speech Codes Theory

 (name first 2)

1. Wherever there is a distinctive culture,

there is to be found a distinctive speech code

 2. In any given speech community,

multiple speech codes are deployed

3. A speech code implicates a culturally distinctive psychology, sociology, and rhetoric.

4. The significance of speaking is contingent upon the speech codes used by intelocutors to consititute the meaning of communicative acts

6 Propositions of Speech Codes Theory

(Proposition 5)

5. The artful use of a shared speech code

 is a sufficient condition for

predicting, explaining, and controlling

the form of discourse about the

intelligibility, prudence, and morality

of communicative conduct

symbols

 meanings

 premises

Other codes are:

 (not speech codes)

 "Kinship" code

"Religion" code 

"Political" code

 communication

 self

 relationship

 work

A historically situated, ongoing communicative process

 in which participants in the life of a social world

costruct, express and negotiate

 the terms on which they

conduct their lives together.

Coming to terms with culture-

identify several things people might try to

 accomplish

1. Do something in interaction with others

when a dominant code works against them

2. Know how to learn another code- (prop.5)

pay attention to communicative conduct

3. Integrate two codes in one life

when both have importance to you

Loyalty

(caring for a friend and relative)

Courage

 (moral fiber necessary to face other men

 in the struggle over desirable things)

Albert Einstein statement:

"God may be subtle but not plain mean."

is used to describe what assumption?

To speak of Teamsterville culture is not to speak of a place or a social unit

but to speak of a_______.

Edward Sapir quote:

"Speech varies without assignable

limit as we pass from social group to social group."

What assumption does this describe?

Walter Ong statement:

"Oral communication unites people in groups."

What assumption does this articulate?

Code of honor

Code of dignity

The significance of speaking

 is contingent upon the speech code used

by interlocutors

to constitute the meanings

of communicative acts.

This assumption says that there is

an order to speech,

such as saying "b'bye"

at the end of a phone call.

This assumption says that

solidarity, status, and intimacy

 are communicated through speech

Wherever there is a distinctive culture

there is to be found....

..a distinctive speech code.

(proposition 1 of speech codes theory)

...multiple speech codes are deployed.

 (proposition 2 of speech codes theory)

..psychology, sociology and rhetoric.

(proposition 3 of speech codes theory)

The artful use of a shared speech code

 is a sufficient condition for_______, _______,and ________ the form of discourse about the intelligibility, prudence and morality of communicative conduct. (proposition 5 of speech codes theory)

The ______,______, and ______

of a speech code are inextricably

woven into speaking itself.

 (proposition 6 of speech codes theory)

topic

purpose

participants

 act sequence

 setting

norm of interaction

the study and systematic recording

of human culture

Four words for place used in Chapter 4 of

 Speaking Culturally

Corner

Neighborhood

Porch

Street

For Teamsterville culture, when one's adressee

is of higher stutus than oneself, male power assertion

may properly employ connections with

 an _______who speaks for the person.