Term
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Definition
| What holds a society together |
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Term
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Definition
Involves an Interaction Between
Available Resources and Technologies of Extraction and Production |
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Term
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Definition
| an extractive technology that is designed to take from nature’s bounty as it is found. A fundamentally opportunistic strategy. |
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Term
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Definition
a productive technology that seeks to actively
enhance and refine nature’s bounty. A
fundamentally energy-intensive, investment
strategy. |
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Term
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Definition
Foragers
– Hunting
– Fishing
– Gathering (also called “hunter-gatherers,”
“hunter-harvesters”) |
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Term
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Definition
• Horticulturalists
• Pastoralists
• Intensive
Agriculturalists
• Industrial
Agriculturalists |
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Term
| Most societies practice a |
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Definition
a mixed strategy
for acquiring food. |
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Term
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Definition
view themselves as pastoralists,
as cattle people.they depend on the
cultivation of millet
• When hard-pressed they engage in lowprestige
hunting of wild game and in
fishing |
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Term
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Definition
organize their
subsistence around slash-and-burn
horticulture, but they also engage in
hunting, gathering and fishing. |
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Term
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Definition
A fundamental human
subsistence activity for
99% of our career
• A male activity
• A wide array of
techniques & equipment
have been developed to
hunt prey
• Increasing
sophistication in hunting
strategies |
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Term
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Definition
A wide variety of fishing
techniques have been
observed using nets, lines,
kites, spears, and poison.
• Until recently, the
importance of fishing in
foraging societies has been
underestimated.
• A survey (n=180) of foraging
societies indicates that for
38% of them fishing is the
most important subsistence
activity, a greater % than
hunting (25%) or gathering
(30%) |
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Term
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Definition
Typically a female activity
• Involves collection of wild
plants, eggs, insects, small
(slow-moving) animals, etc.
• Much more important in
warmer climates than in
colder climes (e.g.,
compare Australian
Aboriginals with the Netsilik
Eskimo) |
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