• provides a centeral identity
• provides a sense of order in the universe
• allows a group to predict the future
• defines the history of a culture and the world
• provides a means to manipulate natural forces of the environment

• altered states of consciousness
• ritual
• psychological functions

• father role
• mother role
• trickster gods

• deceptive and selfish
• challenged social norms and boundaries
• negative role models
• can help ad hurt humans

• good vs. evil
• right vs. wrong

• symphetic magic(like effects like)
• contagious magic(contact effects other things)

• religion is evolutionary
• as we become more materialistic religions change

• religious beliefs are social facts
• functionalism, duality and morality
• rituals express and reinforce solidarity in a group

• help people cope with social inequality

• attacked concepts of primitive vs. modern
• attacked concepts of monogomy and promiscuity
• color of skin and culture
• animism

• religion and ritual is considered anti-structure

• cope with the seasons
• contingancy matters
• initiations
• defence
• acknowledgement
• divination magic

• practicality(how it works in everyday life)
• fluidity(every definition narrows and categorizes)

• missionaries(god)
• military(glory)
• merchants(goal)

• resource
• help other people
• expose the exotic

solving social problems that specifically apply to the body

• health, forensics, mental health, addiction and disease

preserve historic and pre-historic sites

• Center for Resource Management

• magical ritual(practical value)
• religious ritual(expressive value)

• explains the unknown(death, afterlife and purpose in life)
• releaves fear
• creates extrahuman rules
• outline models of behavior

• poverty, gangs, violence, education, inner city schools
• urbanization and suburbanization
• form communities through similar interests
• multi-cultural

• business culture/corporate culture
• motivate employees/morale
• cultural brokers(each company has its own culture)
• cross cultural expertise

• seperated from society and put into sacred place
• liminality in the sacred place helps you achieve ASC
• reintegrated into society with new rules

theoretical and practical effect of medicine on culture

• study of dpread of disease and illness(tourism, STD, econimic development)
• health care systems(modern medicine, beliefs, customs, techniques)

• disease is a scientific allment
• illness is an allment experienced and percieved by the sufferer

• lifeboat ethics(decide who survives and who does not)
• militant anthropology(social justice) against cultural relativism(protect the good) and against objectivity(can't seperate yourself from your studies)

• Action Anthropology
• Research and Development Anthropology
• Community Development
• Advocacy Anthropology
• Cultural Brokerage
• Social Marketing

• social impact assessment(how will it effect local culture?)
• technology development research(how to get your product out/who will use it)
• cultural resource assessment(what is a cultural resource and how does it effect development?)

• the 'ivory tower' view
• the 'adherent' view
• the 'advocacy' view

• education, academics and science
• remain as objective and unbias as possible
• outside view, observe and don't be involved

• just use knowledge to do what is told(do job)
• don't use judgement
• skill set that should be used appropriately

• anthropologists have responsibility to make positive change
• do something with what you know

• respect the people, species or material studied
• respect safety and dignity of subjects
• researchers much gain informed consent
• understand that you will encounter ethical dimemas
• be responsible for the integrity and reputation of the dicipline
• willing and able to publish to the academic community
• make findings available to the public
• responsibility for advocacy

• know where you stand(yourself, your subjects and your funding)
• maintain flexibility