Term
| How does Eric Wolf characterize the relationship between anthropology and other disciplines? |
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Definition
| Bridges the gap between humanities and science |
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Term
| 2 main interests of physical anthropologists |
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Definition
| Biological evolution and diversity |
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Term
| What is the method of anthropological research |
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Definition
| Fieldwork and observations |
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Term
| which subfield of anthropology places the greatest emphasis of participant observation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of a custom? |
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Definition
| the effect it has on the rest of the culture |
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Term
| What is the difference between moral and nonmoral values? |
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Definition
| Moral values are how you should treat people, non moral are how to treat other things |
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Term
| Define cultural relativism |
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Definition
| understanding the meaning of a thing by looking at the context its under |
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Term
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Definition
| feelings about what is good or bad, right or wrong |
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Term
| Difference between an etic and an emic description? |
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Definition
EMIC - uses the categories the natives use to describe their own culture
ETIC - uses scientific categories, and outsider's look in on the culture |
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Term
| Relationship between biology and culture? |
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Definition
| Biology makes culture possible, but it does not determine the content of the culture |
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Term
| when did anatomically modern Homosapiens first appear? |
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Definition
| modern human beings appeared about 200,000 years ago |
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Term
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Definition
| Customary descrimination based on raced. |
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Term
| How is intelligence defined in this course? |
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Definition
| The knowledge and skills that are valued in your culture |
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Term
| How is anthropology said to be more diverse? |
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Definition
| Studies all cultures, not just western. Goes far back as possible. |
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Term
| Why do anthropologists use cross-cultural comparison in their research? |
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Definition
| To validate their own findings; see if its generally true |
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Term
| What framework did eighteenth century cultural anthropologists adopt for interpreting cultural diversity? |
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Definition
| a scale of how civilized and complex the society was - cultural evolution |
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Term
| What was Charles Darwin's primary contribution to the development of an understanding of biological evolution? |
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Definition
| He provided a mechanistic explanation of how evolution might work |
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Term
| What was boasian empiricism? |
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Definition
| Collect information first hand through fieldwork |
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Term
| How can culture have both unity and diversity? |
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Definition
| Culture is shared but ideas are not shared homogeneously. There is diversity. |
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Term
| How would we explain the mistrust that permeates Dobuan culture? |
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Definition
| They live in a precarious environment, there is a common mistrust of one another |
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Term
| What are the defining characteristics of culture? |
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Definition
| A learned system of ideas and feelings and customs that are shared by a people |
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Term
| What was the main enduring message illustrated by Ruth Benedict's book Patterns of Culture? |
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Definition
| Different cultures emphasize different emotions and taboo different emotions |
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Term
| What is the relationship between ideal and real culture? |
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Definition
| Confusion among people between what they SHOULD do and what they REALLY do |
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Term
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Definition
| The feeling that your own society's customs are the proper ones, all others being wrong |
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Term
| How do sex and gender relate to one another? |
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Definition
Sex - a biological term
Gender - Refers to the social roles that we are expected to learn based on our culture's ideas about sex |
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Term
| What is meant by natural selection? |
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Definition
| Environmental influences on a populations characteristics |
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Term
| How would you characterize perceptions of masculinity and femininity cross-culturally? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is gender a prominent element of slavery in today's world? |
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Definition
| Slavery still exists, mainly in female sex slavery |
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Term
| What are supernumerary genders? |
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Definition
| Considered as a third category of gender. Have characteristics of both male and females |
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Term
| What is the percentage of LIFE LONG gays? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cultural traits are statistically associated with homophobia? |
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Definition
| When gender roles are very separate, with women's roles seen as less valuable |
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Term
| How does anthropological analysis of personality differ from a psychological one? |
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Definition
Anthropological look from the outside in
Psychologists look from the inside out |
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Term
| What are the social characteristics of societies in which men's clubs are prominent |
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Definition
| Typically associated with male dominance |
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Term
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Definition
| Body mobilizing energy to deal with a problem |
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Term
| Which of the distressful emotions may be expressed as an alternative to any of the remaining three? |
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Definition
| Anger - it seems self rewarding if you get what you want through intimidation |
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Term
| The receipt of too little prestige or esteem is associated with which emotion |
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Definition
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Term
| From a cultural perspective, mood disorders may be described as disorders in which people's role playing is inadequate in regard to what? |
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Definition
| Inadequate in prestige or esteem |
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Term
| From a cultural perspective, schizophrenia may be defined as a disorder in which the person's role playing suffers from what inadequacy? |
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Definition
| Inadequate presentation of face |
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Term
| From a cultural perspective, neuroses may be described as disorders in which the affected people's role playing is inadequate in which particular way? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the neurotic disorders is characterized by the avoidance of consciousness of anxieties by repetitive "work like" behaviors that symbolize the avoided anxieties? |
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Definition
| Obsessive Compulsive Disorder |
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Term
| According to Seymour Parker, societies in which hysteria is not prevalent usually have what characteristics? |
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Definition
1. religious systems with exorcistic rituals
2. Emphasis on communalistic values
3. Spoiling kids, teaching unrealistic entitlement
4. Low female status |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of the "basic vocabulary" of a language? |
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Definition
| Words learned early in life used with high frequency are slow to change |
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Term
| What are the claims of "linguistic relativity?" |
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Definition
| we confuse the reality with the words we use to describe it |
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Term
| How many human languages are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| What must happen for a language to split and evolve separately? |
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Definition
| A division of roads, mountains and time |
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Term
| How do linguists reconstruct the history of languages? |
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Definition
| Common languages are placed together? |
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Term
| How are German and English related? |
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Definition
| they were the same language 1500 years ago |
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Term
| What is the most important difference between chimpanzee communication and that of human children? |
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Definition
| Chimps do not spontaneously discuss |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of a "restricted code?" |
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Definition
| Jargon, special lingo, short commands, all indicate that you are apart of a group |
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Term
| What does it mean that language is an open system? |
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Definition
| You can talk about anything that you can think of |
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