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CSU BIOL 5515 Developmental Biology Chapter 12
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24
Biology
Undergraduate 4
04/18/2011

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Term
Chordamesoderm
Definition
Dorsal axial mesoderm that differentiates as the notochord.
Term
Somitic dorsal mesoderm
Definition
Mesoderm derived from paraxial dorsal mesoderm that is organized into somites and will contribute to the axial skeleton, dorsal dermis, and skeletal muscles of the back and limbs.
Term
Intermediate mesoderm
Definition
Mesoderm between the somitic dorsal mesoderm and lateral plate mesoderm that forms the urinary system and genital ducts.
Term
Lateral plate mesoderm
Definition
Mesoderm that lies lateral to the intermediate mesoderm that contributes to heart, blood vessels, blood cells, linings of the coelom, and mesodermal tissues of the limbs except muscles.
Term
Head mesenchyme
Definition
Anterior loose mesoderm that contributes to the connective tissues and muscles of the face (along with neural crest cell derivatives).
Term
Paraxial mesoderm
Definition
Thick bands of mesoderm that run longitudinally along each side of the notochord and neural tube and form the somites.
Term
Somites
Definition
Transient blocks of paraxial mesoderm that determine the segmental pattern of vertebrate embryos.
Term
Somitomeres
Definition
Organized whorls of cells within paraxial mesoderm that serve as precursors to somites.
Term
Sclerotome
Definition
Ventral medial cells of the somite that decondense to form mesenchymal precursors to vertebral cartilage.
Term
Dermamyotome
Definition
Double-layered epithelium of the somite after decondensation of the sclerotome.
Term
Dermatome
Definition
Dorsolateral layer of the dermamyotome that decondenses to form mesenchymal precursors of the dorsal dermis.
Term
Myotome
Definition
Ventromedial layer of the dermamyotome that decondenses to form mesenchymal precursors of skeletal muscles.
Term
Myogenesis
Definition
Differentiation of skeletal muscle fibers.
Term
Myoblast
Definition
Muscle precursor cell derived from the myotome.
Term
Muscle fiber
Definition
Extremely large, elongated cell containing many nuclei and the actin
Term
Osteogenesis
Definition
Formation of bone.
Term
Osteoblast
Definition
Cell capable of secreting bone matrix.
Term
Osteocyte
Definition
Bone cell.
Term
Intramembranous ossification
Definition
Direct conversion of mesenchymal tissue into bone.
Term
Endochondral ossification
Definition
Bone formation in which mesenchymal cells differentiate first into cartilage, which is later replaced by bone.
Term
Chondrogenesis
Definition
Formation of cartilage.
Term
Chondrocytes
Definition
Cells that secrete extracellular matrix of cartilage.
Term
Epiphyseal plate
Definition
Region near the ends of long bones that remain cartilaginous during development to allow for continued elongation of the bone.
Term
Osteoclast
Definition
Cells that degrade bone tissue.
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