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| In two or more species, superficially similar structures or characteristics that arise from similar function rather than being derived from a common ancestral structure. |
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| Cellular products of cleavage. |
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| An embryo consisting of a (usually) hollow sphere of blastomeres resulting from cleavage. |
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| The line of descent from zygote to any particular cell type in a multicellular organism. |
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| During embryogenesis, a rapid series of mitotic divisions of the zygote to form smaller cells. |
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| The study of all developmental processes from fertilization through death. |
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| Developmental processes by which cells become different from each other within a multicellular organism. |
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| Developmental anomaly caused by an environmental agent. |
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| Outermost cell layer of a developing embryo that contributes to the epidermis, central nervous system, and neural crest derivatives. |
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| Development of an organism from zygote to either birth or hatching. |
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| The study of development from fertilization to birth or hatching. |
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| Innermost cell layer of a developing embryo that contributes to the inner lining of the digestive tube, pharynx, and respiratory tube. |
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| Acquisition of a complex, differentiated state from a simple, undifferentiated state. |
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| A group of cells that are tightly connected in a sheet or tube. |
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| The origin of new types of organisms from pre-existing types, involving descent with modification. |
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| A diagram of an embryo that indicates which later structures will be derived from each part. |
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| Union of haploid gametes to form a diploid zygote. |
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| During embryogenesis, the rearrangement of blastomeres to produce an embryo with 3 primary germ layers. |
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| Gametes and gamete precursors. |
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| Presence in two different groups of organisms of a structure, behavior, pathway, or gene that is shared by descent from a common ancestor. |
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| An early form of an animal after hatching that is fundamentally unlike an adult. |
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| Developmental anomaly caused by a genetic defect. |
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| A group of cells that are loosely connected or not connected and that function as independent units. |
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| Middle cell layer of a developing embryo that contributes to the notochord, skeletal muscles, dermis of the skin, heart, kidney, blood and blood vessels, bone, etc. |
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| Developmental process by which larval tissues are destroyed and replaced by cells destined to form adult tissues and organs. |
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| Generation of form and structure within an organism during development. |
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| Composed of more than one cell and having more than one cell type. |
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| Any physical or chemical treatment that increases the rate of mutations. |
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| During embryogenesis, the generation of body organs. |
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| All cells of the body that are not germ cells. |
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| Physical and chemical agent in the environment that causes developmental disruptions. |
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| Development of a tissue or organ in an adult after removal by injury or disease. |
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