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CSU BIOL 3216 Chapter 17
Genetics
19
Biology
Undergraduate 3
11/29/2010

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Term
Additive genetic variance
Definition
Genetic variance associated with the average effect of substituting one allele for another.
Term
Artificial selection
Definition
Situation in which the parents of the next generation are chosen based on the presence of useful or desirable characteristics.
Term
Broad-sense heritability (H2)
Definition
Within a particular population, the proportion of total phenotypic variance that is contributed by genetic variance.
Term
Continuous variation
Definition
Existence in a population of an unbroken range of forms, in which every intermediate form is possible.
Term
Discontinuous variation
Definition
Existence in a population of two or more distinctly different forms.
Term
Dominance genetic variance
Definition
Genetic variance at a single locus attributable to interactions (dominance) between alleles.
Term
Heritability
Definition
The extent to which phenotypic differences among individuals are due to genetic differences.
Term
Meristic trait
Definition
A trait that varies quantitatively in increments of whole, countable units.
Term
Multifactorial trait
Definition
A characteristic that results from multiple genetic and environmental factors that interact to determine a phenotype.
Term
Narrow-sense heritability (h2)
Definition
Within a particular population, the proportion of total phenotypic variance that is contributed by additive genetic variance.
Term
Natural selection
Definition
Principle that individuals that are better adapted to an environment tend to survive more often and contribute more offspring to the next generation.
Term
Polygenes
Definition
A group of two or more genetic loci that together control a quantitative trait.
Term
Quantitative inheritance
Definition
Inheritance of a characteristic that varies (usually continuously) in amount.
Term
Quantitative trait
Definition
A characteristic that varies in amount of a measurable feature.
Term
Quantitative trait locus (QTL)
Definition
The position on a chromosome of a gene that contributes to a quantitative trait.
Term
Selection differential
Definition
The difference between the mean of the selected parents and the mean of the general population.
Term
Selection limit
Definition
The point at which no further improvement can be obtained by artificial selection.
Term
Selection response
Definition
The difference between the mean of the offspring of the selected parents and the mean of the original general population.
Term
Threshold trait
Definition
A discrete trait that is brought about when some continuously varying parameter(s) exceeds a critical value.
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