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| Study of how we know things, how we know what we know,ways of knowing. |
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Term
variable
nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio |
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Definition
something that can take more than one value - N:yes/no questions,lists (don't tell yo about degree/amount), qualitative
- O:values can be ranked (high, med., low-like socio-econ class)
- I: rank-order structure, quantitative measurement (diff. matters)
- R: interval v. w/true 0 pt., measures abscence of a phenomena
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Term
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Definition
| abstractions, articulated in words-dictionary definitions |
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| set of instructions on how to measure a variable that has been conceptually defined |
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Definition
| accurate response to what you are trying to find out. Are your methods set up to answer your question? Do they explain the phenomena you are looking at? |
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looks like it makes sense-i.e. driving test *intention |
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Definition
| instruments used-->the way questions are asked: does it contain the necessary elements that can explain your phenomena? Trying to capture what your question means. |
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Definition
| when data is collected it reveals a clear correlation between data and measurements used. Accurately relects variables. |
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Definition
| accross comparable instruments. Using different methods and getting similar results |
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Term
Dependent variable vs. Independent variable |
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Definition
I: things that go into the effect D: effect/outcome |
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Definition
| scores for one variable increase or decrease, scores for the other variable increase or decrease as well. and is not spurious-not affected by outside sources. |
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Definition
| based upon the insight that 1) people can tell when their beliefs about what ought to be don't match their perception of how things really are, and 2) this causes an uncomfortable feeling. |
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Definition
consistantly getting same results accross a # of times of experiment. - it is reproducable
- speaks to a universal phenomena
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Term
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Definition
strong correlations can turn out not to be be valid. There is a spurious correlation between the number of firefighters at a fire and the amount of damage done: the more firefighters, the higher the damage |
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Term
Positivism vs. Humanist objective vs. subjective |
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Definition
assumes reason and objective reality. Material that is true no matter who looks at it. Knowledge is acquired through observation and experimentation. Science is objective and out there to be discovered, the more you discover the more you know. "stability"Human and natural world are equal. Humanists: "truth is not absolute but subjective". Humans are unique from the natural world and can't be defined through empirical laws. Humans create truth. |
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Definition
| explains association between two observed variables |
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Term
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Definition
I: Research that starts from an observation and facts that one makes which help build a theory D: research that starts from a theory and an individual tries to find facts that support/explain the theory. |
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