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CSIM 15
Herpes viruses 1
14
Medical
Undergraduate 2
04/03/2013

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Cards

Term
Describe the site of latency for HSV.
Definition
Nerve cell bodies.
Term
Which strain of HSV causes primary oral herpes and what can does this result in?
Definition
Either HSV 1 or 2. It can result in severe gingivostomatitis.
Term
What causes oral reactivation of HSV and what is the usual consequence?
Definition
Usually HSV 1. Usually asymptomatic but can cause cold sores.
Term
What causes HSV genital disease what is responsible for its reactivation?
Definition
HSV 1 or 2 can cause the primary infection. Reactivation is normally HSV 2.
Term
What are the main complications of HSV?
Definition
1) Secondary bacterial infection
2) Corneal ulcers
3) Meningitis (usually HSV 2, self-limiting)
4) Herpes simplex encephalitis (usually HSV 1, life threatening).
Term
What is the main risk for neonatal HSV infection?
Definition
Maternal primary genital HSV at the time of delivery.
Term
How would you diagnose HSV?
Definition
Detection of viral DNA, collected by a lesion swab or from the CSF, by PCR.
Term
What does aciclovir do?
Definition
Inhibits viral polymerase.
Term
How is aciclovir activated?
Definition
By thymidine kinase; a viral enzyme.
Term
What is the difference between aciclovir and valciclovir?
Definition
Valciclovir is a prodrug of aciclovir and has better oral bioavailability.
Term
Describe the progression of varicella?
Definition
Macules- papules- vesicles- pustules.
Term
What are the complications associated with varicella?
Definition
1) Bacterial sepsis
2) Varicella pneumonia (especially smokers)
3) Varicella encephalitis (rare, cerebellar ataxia in children).
Term
What are the complications of zoster?
Definition
1) Post herpetic neuralgia
2) Bacterial sepsis
3) Ocular problems (opthalmic zoster)
4) Encephalitis/ meningitis/ myelitis.
Term
What post exposure prophylaxis can be given for varicella and zoster?
Definition
Zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG) via an intramuscular injection.
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