Term
| What are the theories of virus origins? |
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Definition
1) Regressive evolution
2) Cellular origins
3) Independent entities. |
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Term
| What are the mechanisms of viral evolution? |
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Definition
1) Mutation
2) Recombination
3) Selection
4) Reassortment |
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Term
| What is the difference between genetic shift and drift and which mechanisms account for each? |
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Definition
| Genetic shift is a major genetic change caused by recombination or reassortment. Genetic drift is the slow accumulation of mutations due to copying errors and immune selection. |
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Term
| Which evolution pathways are favoured by DNA and RNA viruses? |
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Definition
| DNA viruses co-evolve with their host (limited to one species). RNA viruses tend to infect multiple species. |
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Term
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Definition
| A disease and infection which is naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occasional cases occurring at irregular intervals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Continuous occurrence at an expected frequency over a certain period of time and in a certain geographical location. |
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Term
| What does epidemic or outbreak mean? |
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Definition
| Occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness with a frequency clearly in excess of normal expectancy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Epidemic involves several countries or continents affecting a large population. |
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Term
| Where do HIV-1 and HIV-2 come from? |
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Definition
HIV-1: Chimpanzees
HIV-2: Sooty mangabeys |
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Term
| What kind of virus is SARS? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does SARS come from? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does 'control' mean? |
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Definition
| Reduction of incidence prevalence, morbidity and mortality to a locally accepted level. |
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Term
| What is the difference between elimination and eradication? |
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Definition
| Elimination is a reduction of disease incidence to zero in a certain area. Eradication is worldwide. |
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Term
| What does primary prevention mean? |
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Definition
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