Term
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Definition
| the receptive and expressive language skills of one's native languages and it also involves the knowledge of the linguistic code unique to one's AAC system, such as line drawings, words, signs, and so fourth |
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Term
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Definition
| the technical skills needed to operate the AAC system accurately and efficiently |
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Term
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Definition
| skills of social interaction such as initiating, maintaining, developing, and terminating communication interactions |
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Term
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Definition
| involves the compensatory strategies that people who rely on AAC use to deal with functional limitations associated with AAC use -- these may include interacting with persons unfamiliar with AAC, resolving communication breakdowns, and compensating for a slow speaking rate |
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Term
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Definition
| words needed to help function |
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Term
| coverage/core (preliterate) |
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Definition
| needed to express essential messages |
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Term
| developmental (preliterate) |
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Definition
| words unknown to the user |
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Term
| coverage is used in which two literacy based vocabulary types? |
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Definition
| preliterate and non-literate |
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Term
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Definition
words and messages that are commonly used by a variety of individuals and occur very frequently
EG: a, the, etc. |
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Term
| what is the purpose of a communication display? |
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Definition
| to arrange language in space so individuals can, by selecting from the available options, say what they wish to say as quickly as possible and can do so with minimal amount of effort. |
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Term
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Definition
| words so lengthy, they need to be encoded --- word prediction (literate) |
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Term
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Definition
words and messages that are specific or unique to the individual
EG: your name, favorites, etc. |
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Term
| What is meant to represent an individual's communication, whether is is their wants, needs, desires, thoughts, ideas, opinions, or emotions? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| demonstrates an association between a symbol and its referent |
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Term
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Definition
| shape, motion or function can readily be guessed in absence of the referent -- teach this first |
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Term
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Definition
| no relationship to the referent |
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Term
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Definition
| meaning may not be obvious |
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Term
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Definition
aided: techniques that invorporate devices that are external to the individual
EG: computer, keyboard, speech generating devices, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| the visual, auditory, and tactile presentation of all messages, symbols, and codes that are available at one time to a person who relies on AAC |
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Term
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Definition
| any display in which the symbols and items are "fixed" in a particular location |
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Term
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Definition
| computer screen displays with electronically produced visual symbols that, when activated, automatically change the selection set on the screen to a new set of programmed symbols |
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Term
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Definition
| electronic fixed displays with a dynamic component, such as indicator lights that inform the individual which items in the selection set are available for activation |
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Term
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Definition
| the way an individual who relies on an AAC system selects or identifies items from the selection set |
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Term
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Definition
| the two primary purposes are to let the individual using AAC know than an item has been selected from the selection display and to provide the individual with information about the message that has been formulates or selected |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| serves to clarify messages when the listener does not understand synthetic or natural speech |
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Term
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Definition
| voice output communication aid |
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Term
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Definition
techniques that do not require any external equipment
EG: sign language, body language, gestures, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| digitized speech and tones |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sign language and gestures |
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Term
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Definition
| objects and textures (soft) |
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Term
| do symbols require movement to convey meaning? |
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Definition
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Term
| assistive technology device |
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Definition
| any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether acquired commercially off the self, modified, or customized, that is ued to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities |
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Term
| what are the four purposes fulfilled in communicative interactions?? |
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Definition
1. communication of needs/wants
2. information transfer
3. social closeness
4. social etiquette |
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Term
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Definition
| a computer that has been programmed to be used exclusively as an AAC device |
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Term
| factors that cause AAC users to be viewed as competent |
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Definition
1. portray positive self image
2. show interest in others and draw others into interactions
3. actively participate and take turns in symmetrical fashion
4. be responsive to communication partners and negotiate shared topics
5. put partners at ease with AAC system, often using humor |
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Term
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Definition
| an idea charged with emotion which predisposes a class of actions to a particular class of social situations |
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Term
| what are three components of attitude? |
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Definition
1. cognitive: the idea
2. affective: the emotion attached
3. behavioral: the predisposition to act |
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Term
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Definition
| the client points to a word, and the reader says it. After each word it pointed to and repeated, the reader says the entire sentence out loud |
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Term
| does slang make a difference? |
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Definition
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Term
| does gender of the output speech effect an adult? |
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Definition
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Term
| what do we know about adults and AAC technology? |
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Definition
- more positive attitude as technology becomes more sophisticated
- more positive towards longer message length than single word
- reauditorization doesn't effect
- more positive toward more intelligible voice output, but gender of voice output doesn't effect |
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Term
| what do we know about children and AAC technology? |
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Definition
- device type doesn't effect
- presence/absence of slang or physical disability doesn't affect
- competency doesn't effect
- boys are less positive than girls
- familiar is more positive than unfamiliar |
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Term
| does time response make a difference in children with AAC? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the prerequisites to AAC? (general principles/goals in AAC) |
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Definition
| none except the desire to communicate |
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Term
| can individuals with significant developmental delays be successful with AAC? (general principles/goals in AAC) |
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Definition
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Term
| in the past, what were prerequisites to having an AAC device? (general principles/goals in AAC) |
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Definition
| visually track moving objects, match pictures to objects, evidence of object permanence, means-ends, cause-effect, and communicative intentionality |
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Term
| is there data to support exclusion of beginning communicators on a basis of deficits in readiness skills or cognitive skills? (general principles/goals in AAC) - does this mean that AAC would improve efficacy of the client? |
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Definition
| no need to exclude - not guaranteed to improve efficacy |
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Term
| how many people are needed to communicate using AAC? (general principles/goals in AAC) |
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Definition
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Term
| AAC promotes greater participation where? (general principles/goals in AAC) |
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Definition
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Term
| when must AAC being? (general principles/goals in AAC) |
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Definition
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Term
| can infants and toddlers benefit from AAC? (general principles/goals in AAC) |
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Definition
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Term
| how does AAC promote vocational opportunities? (general principles/goals in AAC) |
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Definition
- 65% of people with speech impairment are inemployed
- 75-80% of working age people use AAC |
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Term
| Does AAC replace speech? (general principles/goals in AAC) |
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Definition
| no, it just supplements it, therefore, AAC should continue to promote spoken language |
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Term
| Does AAC interfere with development of spoken language? (general principles/goals in AAC) |
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Definition
| NO - in face AAC can encourage speech and language development |
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Term
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Definition
easily made and maintained, easy to use and teach/learn, usually inexpensive
EG: PECS and language boards/books |
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Term
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Definition
has levels, runs of battery, may be computerized, added materials can be programmed in, contains speech output, contains visual output
EG: dynavox |
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Term
| high tech single level devices |
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Definition
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Term
| high tech multi-level devices |
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Definition
| tech-speak, hawk, and go talk |
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Term
| high-tech key board devices |
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Definition
| light writer and writing with symbols |
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Term
| two types of visual output |
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Definition
1. static/stable overlay (synthesized or digitized voices)
2. dynamic screen (dynavox/dynamo) |
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Term
| what are four requirements for multimodal communication systems? |
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Definition
1. full range of communicative functions
2. compatible with other aspects of an individual's life
3. system doesn't restrict communication partners
4. usable in environments and physical positions |
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Term
| what are some of the goals for effective multimodal communication with AAC clients? |
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Definition
1. yes/no from a distance
2. basic needs from a distance
3. ability to interrupt
4. ability to secure and maintain speaking turn
5. ability to control message content
6. ability to overlay emphasis or emotion on top of a message |
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Term
| what are the components of a selection set? |
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Definition
| visual, auditory, and tactile -- messages symbols and codes, and operational and interactional commands that are used for programming |
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Term
| what are physical characteristics of a selection set? |
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Definition
| they're based on match cognitive, language, sensory and motor capabilities (number of items, size of items, spacing and arrangement, and orientation of display |
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Term
| what are subsets of aided communication? |
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Definition
tangible: real objects or miniature objects
representational: pictures, photographs, and line drawings |
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Term
| what are the five ways to organize a selection of sets? |
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Definition
1. schematic
2. taxonomic
3. semantic-syntactic
4. alphabetic
5. naturalistic |
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Term
| schematic organization of selection sets is based on what? |
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Definition
| biographical groupings based on experience |
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Term
| taxonomic organization of selection sets is based on what? |
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Definition
groupings based on categories
EG: proloquo2go |
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Term
| semantic-syntactic organization of selection sets is based on what? |
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Definition
| groupings based on some knowledge of grammar |
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Term
| alphabetic organization of selection sets is based on what? |
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Definition
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Term
| naturalistic organization of selection sets is based on what? |
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Definition
| visual scene displays -- good for low cognitive development or aphasia |
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Term
| what are the three literacy based vocabulary types? |
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Definition
1. preliterate
2. non-literate
3. literate |
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Term
| what is typical rate enhancement? rate enhancement for AAC users? |
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Definition
typical: 125-250 wpm
AAC: 5-25 wpm but it usually less than 15 |
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Term
| what are the two basic types of rate enhancement? |
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Definition
| message prediction or encoding (sequential coding) |
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Term
| what are four types of selection techniques? |
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Definition
1. direct selection: index finger, head pointer, reflexive dot
2. selection options: physical pressure, physical contact, pointing with no contact
3. scanning
4. scanning patterns: circular, linear, group-item, row column, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| what the device communicates -- can be single words or full sentences |
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Term
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Definition
auditory/visual feedback from the device
EG: beeps, spelling the word out loud, visual displays on the device |
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