Term
| what is the largest cartilage in the larynx? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the two quadralateral laminae junction is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the three unpaired cartilages in the laryngeal skeleton? |
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Definition
| thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis |
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Term
| what are the three paired cartilages in the laryngeal skeleton? |
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Definition
| arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform |
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Term
| the hyoid bone is a muscular attachment site for how many different muscles? |
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Definition
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Term
| why do we see the angle of the thyroid more prominently in men than women? |
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Definition
| because the angle is sharper in women |
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Term
| the larynx sits on top of what structure? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is perched behind the hyoid bone and at the base of the tongue? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the function of the epiglottis? |
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Definition
| it assists in swallowing, it doesn't play a role in speech |
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Term
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Definition
| swelling of the epiglottis - can cause the patient to stop breathing (treated by the HIP vaccine) |
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Term
| what is the only structure of the larynx visible on an oral mechanism exam? |
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Definition
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Term
| which cartilage is shaped like pyramids and sits on top of the cricoid? |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the muscular attachment of the arytenoid? |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the vocal attachment of the arytenoid? |
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Definition
| at the medial process/where the vocal folds connect |
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Term
| where is the corniculate cartilage located? how many mm across is it? |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the cuneiform cartilage located? |
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Definition
| tucked into the aryepiglottic folds |
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Term
| do the cuneiform cartilages play a role in phonation? |
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Definition
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Term
| which cartilage provides structural support for swallowing? |
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Definition
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Term
| which glad is responsible for keeping your body's calcium levels where they need to be? What happens if the calcium levels aren't regulated? |
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Definition
| Parathyroid gland - without the right amount of calcium the nervous system and muscular system can't do their jobs appropriately |
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Term
| which glad is responsible for regulating the body's use of energy and is also responsible for regulating the body's responsiveness to other hormones? |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the cricoarytenoid joint? |
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Definition
| The articulation between the base of each arytenoid and the superior surface of the cricoid |
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Term
| the cricoarytenoid joints allows what two types of movement of the arytenoids? |
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Definition
1. a limited gliding motion of the cartilages toward each other
2. a back and fourth rocking motion of the arytenoids |
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Term
| where are the cricothyroid joints located? |
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Definition
| at the articulation of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages |
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Term
| which joint allows the thyroid to tilt downward over front of the cricoid, or the cricoid to tilt upward? |
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Definition
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Term
| when the cricothyroid joints action stretches the vocal folds and makes them more tense and thin, what happens to pitch? |
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Definition
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Term
| which joint is responsible for making us not sound monotone? |
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Definition
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Term
| aryepiglottic folds are significant for what? |
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Definition
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Term
| why are ventricular (false) folds softer and floppy? |
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Definition
| because they don't have the muscle that the true vocal folds do |
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Term
| which laryngeal structure starts near the thyroid angle near the thyroid notch? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is included in the true vocal folds? |
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Definition
| a bundle of thyroidarytenoid muscle plus the vocal ligament |
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Term
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Definition
| the space between the vocal folds |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the anterior and posterior portions of the vocal folds. |
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Definition
| The anterior portion is membranous (60%) and vibrates - the posterior portion is cartilaginous and supports the movement of the VF's membranous part |
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Term
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Definition
| membrane that lines the glottis |
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Term
| what are the four spaces within the larynx? |
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Definition
| vestiblue, ventricle, glottis, and infraglottic cavity |
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Term
| Which space extends from the entrance to the larynx to the false vocal folds? |
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Definition
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Term
| which space is between the true and false vocal folds and is vertical? |
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Definition
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Term
| which space is between the vocal folds and is horizontal? |
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Definition
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Term
| which space is below the true vocal folds? |
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Definition
| infraglottic cavity (subglottic space) |
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Term
| What are the two types of laryngeal muscles? |
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Definition
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Term
| which laryngeal muscles are related to pitch? |
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Definition
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Term
| which laryngeal muscles are abductors and adductors? |
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Definition
| intrinsic laryngeal muscles |
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Term
| what are the two types of extrinsic laryngeal muscles? Where are they located? |
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Definition
suprahyoids- above the hyoid
infrahyoids- below the hyoid |
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Term
| the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve supplies motor impulses where? |
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Definition
| to various muscles of the soft palate |
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Term
| the recurrent laryngeal branch supplies motor impulses where? |
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Definition
| to all but one laryngeal muscle |
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Term
| The superior laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve supplies motor impulses where? |
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Definition
| to one intrinsic muscle pair (cricothyroids) and sensory information to the larynx |
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Term
| the cricothyroids are innervated by what? |
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Definition
| the superior laryngeal nerve |
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Term
| what does the superior laryngeal nerve tell the body to do? |
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Definition
| change pitch - it also sends sensory info to the brain |
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Term
| where does the recurrent laryngeal nerve run? |
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Definition
| down the thorax and back up the larynx |
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Term
| which intrinsic laryngeal muscle starts on the posterior surface of the cricoid laminae and runs to the muscular process of the arytenoid? |
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Definition
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Term
| which intrinsic laryngeal muscle contracts and pulls the muscular processes towards each other and the vocal processes move laterally abducting the vocal folds? |
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Definition
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Term
| which intrinsic laryngeal muscle runs around to the arch and starts on the lateral surface of the cricoid cartilage and runs from there to the arytenoids? |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to the vocal folds when contracted by the lateral cricoarytenoid? |
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Definition
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Term
| which intrinsic laryngeal muscle runs from the base of one arytenoid to the apex of the other? |
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Definition
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Term
| which intrinsic laryngeal muscle runs from one arytenoid cartilage to the other transversely? What is this muscles purpose? |
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Definition
| transverse arytenoid - it's purpose is to draw the muscles together, so it assists with adduction. |
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Term
| which intrinsic laryngeal muscle is the bulk of the muscular part of the vocal folds? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two parts of the thyroarytenoid? What do they do? |
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Definition
Medial (vocalis): to tense the vocal folds
Lateral (muscularis): pulls the arytenoids forward |
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Term
| which intrinsic laryngeal muscle runs on a slanted line and it's job is to pull the thyroid cartilage forward to lengthen the vocal folds? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the four muscles within the suprahyoid muscle of the extrinsic laryngeal muscle? |
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Definition
| digastic, geniohyoid, mylohyoid, and stylohyoid |
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Term
| where does the anterior belly of the digastric run? posterior belly? |
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Definition
anterior: from the mandible to the hyoid
posterior: from the hyoid to the mastoid process of the temporal bone |
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Term
| where does the geniohyoid muscle of the suprahyoid run? |
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Definition
| from your chin to the hyoid bone |
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Term
| where does the mylohyoid muscle of the suprahyoid run? |
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Definition
| it is the sheet of muscle that courses down from your mandible to your hyoid and is wider than the geniohyoid |
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Term
| which suprahyoid muscle runs from the hyoid up to the styloid process? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the job of all the suprahyoid muscle? |
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Definition
| to lift up the hyoid which elevates the larynx |
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Term
| which is the only infrahyoid muscle with the potential to elevate the larynx? |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the sternohyoid located? what is its job? |
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Definition
| from the sternum to the hyoid - it's job is to pull down the larynx |
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Term
| Where is the sternothyroid located? what does it do? |
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Definition
| it runs from the sternum to the thyroid cartilage - it pulls the larynx down |
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Term
| where is the omohyoid muscle located and what does it do? |
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Definition
| it runs from the scapula to the hyoid bone - when it engages it pulls the larynx down by pulling the hyoid bone down |
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Term
| what is the size and position of the larynx? |
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Definition
| 2 inches long and around C3-C7 |
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Term
| what does movement of the cricothyroid joint accomplish? |
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Definition
| elongates and shortens the VFs to change the pitch |
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Term
| which muscle is the lone abductor? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does movement of the cricoarytenoid joint accomplish? |
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Definition
| it helps with adduction by gliding |
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