Term
| Intensity level of noise over an 8hr period (acc. to OSHA) that result in permanent HL |
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Definition
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Term
| TTS (temporary threshold shift) |
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Definition
| temporary worsening of hearing thresholds; in response to increasing intensity and duration of exposure in asymptotic fashion; possibly reversible; metabolic exhaustion of sensory cells |
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Term
| PTS (permanent threshold shift) |
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Definition
| irreversable damage to cochlea and associated with structural damage; reduced speech discrimination; HL 3-6KHz |
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Term
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Definition
| Temporary HL after exposure to sound; cochlear hair cells tire and may die due to long-term stimulation (1/1000th of a sec.) |
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Term
| Perstimulatory Adaptation |
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Definition
| Entering into a loud place; intially sound is bothersome, but over time the sound feels normal |
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Term
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Definition
| Hair cells become tired; action potential decreases; if cells become too tired, they die; adaptation to intensity of noise; AS sedation occurs because of auditory fatigue |
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Term
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Definition
| Cumulative effect of damage to AS over the lifespan due to noise exposure, ototoxic drugs, illness, sunbathing, etc. |
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Term
| Two aspects/components of presbycusis |
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Definition
| Periphreal (cochlear) and CNS (central auditory processing) |
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Term
| Names of tumors at pons-medullary junction |
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Definition
| brain stem tumor, cerebellar potine angle tumor, vestibular schwannomas |
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Term
| What is an acoustic tumor? |
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Definition
| a benign tumor of the Schwann cells occuring most commonly on the superior vestibular nerve followed by the inferior vestibular nerve. |
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Term
| Prevalence of acoustic tumors |
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Definition
| 8% of all intercranial tumors; 80% of cerebellopotine tumors |
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Term
| Symptoms of acoustic tumors |
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Definition
| inability to understand speech declines due to pressure on CN VIII; shuffling gait (pressure on vestibular bundle); facial numbness/paralysis (due to pressure on CN VII- Facial) |
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Term
| What is Central Auditory Processing Disorder? (CAPD) |
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Definition
| Inability to process a signal/stimuli even though patient seems to sense the signal adequately; arises from cerebral lesions with site of pathology often being temporal. |
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Term
| Name 3 possible causes of CAPD |
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Definition
| Cerebral lesion, improper connection between AS and other areas of brain; neoplasms, dzs, CVAs, trauma |
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Term
| Name 3 possible symptoms of CAPD |
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Definition
| phoneme combos being meaningless or confusing; unable to make auditory associations (difference between two sounds); inability to complete missing part of verbal message (auditory closure); inability to recall previous events and to associate them with current experiences (auditory memory); unable to locate source of a sound in the environment (auditory localization); inability to screen out irrelevant stimuli/distractable (auditory figure-ground perception) |
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Term
| The time of noise exposure is cut in half for how many increasing increments of dB? |
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Definition
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Term
| Poststimulatory Adaptation |
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Definition
| Fatigue and death of cochlear hair cells after impact noise |
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Term
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Definition
| Auditory cortex/primary receptor area for sound |
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Term
| How long does it take for sound to travel from ear to brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average words per minute that is understood by children? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average wpm understood by college students? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average wpm usually spoken by an adult? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the fastest growing population in the U.S.A.? |
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Definition
| Those over 100 years of age |
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Term
| What is the slowest growing population in the U.S.A.? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do the CN VIII nerve bundles connect with the brainstem? |
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Definition
| The pons-medullary junction |
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Term
| What % of CN VIII nerves move contralateral up the brainstem? |
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Definition
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Term
| What % of CN VIII nerves move ipsilateral up the brainstem? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two nerve bundles lie near the CN VIII? |
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Definition
| Vestibular and CN VII (Facial) |
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Term
| In the CN VIII, where are the high/low frequencies found? |
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Definition
| Low freq in the middle of the CN VIII bundle; higher freq in the outer part of the CN VIII bundle |
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Term
| Auditory results of von Recklinghausen dz?* |
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Definition
| Progressive HL, tinnitus, inbalance |
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Term
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Definition
| development of tumours along PNS |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to have sound travel up brainstem contralateral/ipsilateral |
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