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| a set of interrelated parts that work together to accomplish a purpose |
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| 3 Basic Functions of a system |
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| Measures the performance of the input, process, and output functions of the system and provides measurement data to the control system |
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| Evaluates the feedback data and adjusts the system's input and processing functions to ensure that the desired output is produced |
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| something every system has to define its limits |
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| coding info in terms of writing allowing more to be said and convention agreed upon rules on how we speak |
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| Development of numbering systems |
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| Type of information (qualitative and quantitative) |
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| Development of storage and media and of libraries |
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| material is organized and more accessible (Alaxandra is most famous) |
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| Developments 500 CE to 1900 CE |
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| invention of moveable type printing press (late 15th CE), major printing press, and revolutions: scientific, religious, political, and economic |
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| 19th and 20th CE: causes development of telegraph, telephone, radio, and television. Altered the medium for coding and transmitting information |
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| Computer-Based information systems |
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| information which persist over time |
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| methods to accomplish a specific task interior or exterior to the systems boundaries |
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| advent of digital computing 1930's to 1940's |
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| attributed to Gordon Moore of Intel Corporation: observation that complexity of an integrated circuit, with respect to minimum component cost, will DOUBLE EVERY 18 MONTHS |
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| Increasing power of storage devices |
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| mid 1970's, eighteen inch disk held about 1.8 million characters... many "data sticks" can hold billions of characters |
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| important to networks, set of rules/set of conventions |
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| world wide web, 1960's to 1980's |
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| hyperlink, hypermedia enhancement of the internet |
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| an internal network based upon WWW technologies that allows communication within an organization |
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| a net work based upon web technologies that allows the selected outsiders access to a company's intranet |
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| word internet explorer,etc. |
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| application development software |
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| allows programmers to write application software for computers ie: QBASIC and Visual Basic, Java, C++ |
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| operating system program that operate in the background |
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| importance of spreadsheet and database application programs |
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| movement from solely text based representations to other types of visual and audio representation |
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| business information systems |
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| business information systems often integrated into one product (help employees in an organization accomplish a routine and special tasks) |
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| buying, selling and exhange of information about products and services over public and private communications networks, occures over internet (some over intranet and extranetS) |
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| business to consumer, e-commerce carried out by an enterprise in order to serve its consumer customers |
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| business to business, e-commerce carried out in order for companies to "do business" with other companies |
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| consumer to consumer, e-commerce carried out where businesses act between consumers |
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| transactions conducted anytime, anywhere, which uses wireless technologies |
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| transaction processing; shared system that uses a combination of information technology and manual procedures to process data and information transactions (business activity) |
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| processes a high volume of similar business transactions (supports multiple users, simple procedures, ensures accuracy, produces documents and reports, updates files and databases) |
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| management information systems |
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| management information systems |
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| management information systems |
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| business information system rhat produces the information needed for the management of a structured problem or process |
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| uses data captured and stored as a result of transaction processing, reports data and info rather than details of transaction, assists monitoring, evaluating situations and conditions and dtermining actions, supports recurring decisions, provides info in pre-specific report formats |
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| system which is designed to assist in decision making where the decision process is relatively unstructured and only part of the information is structured in advance |
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| assists decision making where info is not known in advance, supports problem solving where situation is only partly structured, works with files and databases, provides information in time of need |
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| management info and decision supporting systems |
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| related to making decisions (decision support systems) |
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| highly restricted and detained process (routine and standard problems and solutions) |
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| more "open-ended", fuzzy complex problems no clear or established solutions |
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| problems lie between the exteme of structures |
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| group support system collaborative software |
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| group support system collaborative software |
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| supports semi structured situations, used by groups not individuals, permits communication, generates a database of the group's questions, comments, and ideas rather than a traditional report |
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| Use of artificial intelligence in business |
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| robotics, natural language processing, neural networks (computer software that stimulates thoughts), intelligent agents (agent is person who acts on ones behalf) |
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| model for system development |
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| 1. system investigation, 2. system analysis, 3.system design, 4.system implementation 5.systems maintenance and review |
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| an organization can "add value" to their products or activities |
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