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| which can be defined as facts or observations about people, places, things, and events. |
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| focuses on the actual format and location of the data. |
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| focuses on the meaning, content, and context of the data. |
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| is the most basic logical data element. |
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| group of related characters. |
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| description or characteristic |
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| person, place, thing, or object. |
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| a collection of related fields. |
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| a collection of related record. |
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| is an integrated collection of logically related tables. |
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| Each record in a database has at least one distinctive field. |
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| this field uniquely identifies the record. |
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| data is collected over several hours, days, or even weeks. |
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| Online processing. data is processed at the same time the transaction occurs. |
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| Many organizations have multiple files on the same subject or person. |
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| If the customer moves, then the address in each file must be updated. When there are multiple sources of data, each source may have variations. |
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| In organizations, information from one department can be readily shared with others. |
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| Users are given passwords or access only to the kind of information they need. |
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| Without a common database, individual departments have to create and maintain their own data and data redundancy results. |
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Term
| Database management system |
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Definition
| In order to create, modify, and gain access to database, special software is required. |
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| Database management engine |
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Definition
| provides a bridge between the logical view of the data and the physical view of the data. |
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| Data definition subsystem |
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Definition
| logical structure of the database. |
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| This dictionary contains a description of the structure of data in the database. |
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| Data manipulation subsystem |
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| provides tools for maintaining and analyzing data. |
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| Structured Query Language |
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| specialized programming language. |
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| Application generation subsystem |
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Definition
| provides tools to create data entry forms and specialized programming language that interface or work with common and widely used programming languages. |
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| Data administration subsystem |
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| helps to manage the overall database, including maintaining security, providing disaster recovery support, and monitoring the overall performance of database operations. |
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| Larger organizations typically employ highly trained computer specialists. |
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| determining which people have access to what kinds of data in the database. |
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| these models define rules and standards for all the data in a database. |
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Definition
| fields or records are structured in nodes. |
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| are points connected like the branches of an upside-down tree. |
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| one parent node with several child nodes. |
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| hierarchical arrangement of nodes. |
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| Many-to-many relationships |
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| child node has several parent nodes. |
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| flexible type of organization. there are no access paths down a hierarchy. |
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| key field, enabling information stored in one table to be linked with information stored in another. |
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| multidimensional databases |
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Definition
| extend this two-dimensional data model to include additional or multiple dimensions also data cube. |
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| Data can be viewed as a cube having three or more sides and consisting of cells. |
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| Multidimensional databases and data provide users with an intuitive model in which complex data and relationships can be conceptualized. |
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| Analyzing and querying a large multidimensional database can be much faster. |
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| Object-oriented databases |
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Definition
| are more flexible and store data as well as instructions to manipulate the data. |
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| are specific instances of a class that can contain both data and instructions to manipulate the data. |
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| are the data fields an object possesses. |
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| instructions for retrieving or manipulating attribute values. |
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| microcomputer database. collection of integrated files primarily used by just one person. |
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| may be stored on a central database server and managed by a database administrator. |
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| Many times the data in a company is stored not in just one location but in several locations. Accessible through a variety of communications networks. |
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| generally an enormous database that an organization develops to cover particular subjects. |
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| information utilities or data banks |
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Definition
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| Offers consumer and business services, including electronic mail. |
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| Dialog Information Services |
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Definition
| Offers business information, as well as technical and scientific information. |
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| Dow Jones Interactive Publishing |
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Definition
| Provides world news and information on business, investments, and stocks. |
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Term
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Definition
| Offers news and information on legal, public records, and business issues. |
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Definition
| This data is then stored in a special type of database. |
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Definition
| to search these databases to look for related information and patterns. |
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Definition
| special hardware and software. control access to their internal networks. |
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Term
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Definition
| use database management software to determine the mose efficient ways to organize and access a company's data. |
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