Term
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Definition
| Crystals often long and slender or needle-like. Characteristic forms are 4-sided prisms, pyramids, and dipyramids. common tetragonal minerals are chalcopyrite, zircon, vesuvianite, scapolite, and rutile. |
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Term
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Definition
| generally blocky or ball-like, with many similar and symmetrical faces. forms are cubes, octahedra and dodecahedra. common minerals are galena, fluorite, gold, diamond, and the garnet family. |
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Term
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Definition
| generally prismatic or columnar with a rounded triangular or hexagonal cross-section. forms are 3 or 6-sided prisms, pyramids, and rhombohedra. common minerals are quartz, calcite, tourmaline, apatite, and beryl. |
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Term
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Definition
| generally short and stubby with diamond-shape or rectangular cross sections, forms are 4-sided prisms, pyramids, and pinacoids. common minerals are sulfur, topaz, stibnite, and olivine. |
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Term
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Definition
| stubby with tilted matching faces at opposite ends forming a somewhat distorted rectangular solid. forms are prisms and pinacoids. common minerals are epidote, monazite, crocoite, brochantite. |
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Term
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Definition
| usually flattened with sharp edges and thing cross sections. no right angles on faces or edges. forms are pinacoids or pdeions. common minerals are microcline, kyanite, rhodonite, and pectolite. |
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Term
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Definition
| most abundant mineral group, also most varied and complex because of their structure, three most common minerals are feldspars, micas, and hornblende. |
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Term
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Definition
| three most common minerals are calcite, aragonite, and dolomite. these minerals are the components of limestone. |
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Term
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Definition
| the most important mineral is a calcium fluorite phosphate called apatite - Ca5F(PO4)3, is used for fertilizer, teeth, and bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| two most common are closely related calcium sulfates, they are anhydride and gypsum, both from evaporated seawater. |
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Term
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Definition
| directly bonded to oxygen, no silicon added. most important are iron oxides like magnetite and hematite. |
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