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Cross Cultural Psychology
Kennesaw State University Psych 3355
21
Physiology
Undergraduate 3
09/30/2009

Additional Physiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Attributions
Definition
Beliefs about the underlying causes of behavior.
Term
Cross-cultural Psychology
Definition
Tests the cultural parameters of psychological knowledge. Research on human behavior that compares two or more cultures.
Term

Cultural Worldviews

 

Definition

Culturally specific belief systems about the world.

 

Attitudes, Beliefs, Opinions, Values

Universal Psychological Process

Content is different for each culture.

Term
Culture Specific
Definition
Psychological process that is true for some people of some cultures, but not for others.
Term
Enculturation
Definition
The process of learning about and being indoctrinated into a culture.
Term
Emics
Definition
Aspects of life that appear to differ across cultures; truths or principles that are cultur-specific
Term
Etics
Definition
Aspect of life that appear to be consistent across cultures. Universal or pancultural truths or principles.
Term
Ratchet Effect
Definition
Humans continuously improve on improvements, they don't go backward or to a previous state. Progress occures because improvements move themselves upward like a ratchet.
Term
Social Axioms
Definition
General Beliefs and premises about oneself, the social and physical environment, and the spiritual world. Relationships between two or more factors that people use to guide their daily lives.
Term
Universal
Definition
Psychological process that is found to be true or applicable for all people of all cultures.
Term
Important Cross-cultural Psychology Journals
Definition

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

35 year, very first

Cross-Cultural Research

Culture and Psychology

Term
Six General Catagories in which culture is discussed:
Definition

Descriptive-activities/behaviors assoc. w/a culture

Historical-heritage & tradition

Normative-rules and norms

Psychological-learning, problemsolving, behavior

Structural-societal or organizational

Genetic-origins

Term
Murdock, Ford, & Hudson (1971)
Definition
79 Different aspects of life that are influenced by culture.
Term
Barry (1980)
Definition

Eights broad categories

General characteristics

Food and clothing

Housing and Technology

Economy and Transporation

Individual and Family Activities

Community and government

Welfare, religion, and science

Sex and the life cycle

Term

Evolutionary Psychology

Boyer(2000) Buss (2001)

Definition
People have evolved a set of motives and strivings that are ultimately related to reproductive success.
Term
Culture is the product of the interaction between universal biological needs and functions, universal social problems created to address those needs, and the context in which people live.
Definition
Culture is the solution to the problem of individuals adaptations to their contexts to address their social motives and biological needs.
Term
Though culture is not uniquely humans, there are two differences that stand out as uniquely human:
Definition
Language & complex social cognition.
Term
Complex social cognition
Definition
The ability to believe that other people are intentional agents who have wishes, desires, and intentions to act and behave.
Term
Morality
Definition
Uniquely human, turns on at about 9 months.
Term
Specific to human social and cultural life:
Definition
Complexity, differentiation, and institutionalization
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