Term
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Definition
| includes the bones, their cartilages, ligaments and tendons |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of bone structure and treatment of bone disorders |
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Term
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Definition
Support
• Protection • Assistance in movement • Mineral homeostasis • Blood cell production |
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Term
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Definition
| macroscopic parts of long bone |
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Term
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Definition
| the body or shaft of a long bone |
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Term
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Definition
| the proximal and distal ends of a long bone |
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Term
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Definition
| The regions between the epiphysis and diaphysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| the growth zone of hyaline cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| the bony fusion of the growth zone |
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Term
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Definition
hyaline cartilage over the bone ends of freely movable
joints. |
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Term
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Definition
Connective tissue that surrounds bone except for the articular
cartilage. |
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Term
| Periosteum:Composed of two parts |
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Definition
| a. outer fibrous layer b. inner osteogenic layer |
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Term
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Definition
| dense irregular connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| hollow cylindrical space within the diaphysis |
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Term
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Definition
thin membrane that lines the bone surface of the medullary
cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
composed of 25 % water, 25% collagen fibers and 50%
crystallized mineral salts. |
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Term
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Definition
The mineral salts crystallizing in a framework of collagen
fibers causing the extracellular matrix to harden. |
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Term
| Four cell types in bone tissue |
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Definition
1. Osteogenic cells: unspecialized stem cells derived from mesenchyme. 2. Osteoblasts: Synthesize and secret collagen fibers and initiate
calcification 3. Osteocytes: mature bone cells function to maintain its daily metabolism 4. Osteoclasts: It functions in digesting the extracellular matrix and then
reabsorbing the digested product & releasing it to the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| unspecialized stem cells derived from mesenchyme. |
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Term
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Definition
Synthesize and secret collagen fibers and initiate
calcification |
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Term
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Definition
| mature bone cells function to maintain its daily metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
It functions in digesting the extracellular matrix and then
reabsorbing the digested product & releasing it to the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
found beneath the periosteum of all bones and makes up the
diaphysis of long bones. |
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Term
| Perforating or V olkmann’ s canals |
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Definition
transverse canals penetrated by blood
vessels, lymph vessels and nerves. |
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Term
| Central/Halversian canals |
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Definition
| canals that run longitudinally through the bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| rings of calcified extracellular matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| ‘little lakes’, the small spaces between the lamellae |
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Term
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Definition
tiny channels filled with interstitial fluid that radiate in all directions
from the lacunae. |
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Term
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Definition
repeating structural units which consist of a central
canal with concentric lamellae arranged |
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Term
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Definition
The areas
between the osteons that are fragments of older osteons |
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Term
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Definition
encircle the bone beneath the periosteum or encircle
the medullary cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| lamellae arranged in an irregular lattice of thin columns called trabeculae. |
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Term
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Definition
| Periosteal arteries & veins Nutrient artery & vein |
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Term
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Definition
| Metaphyseal artery & veins Epiphyseal artery & vein |
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Term
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Definition
| Embryonic skeleton: Involves replacement of preexisting connective tissue with bone, does not lead to any structural differences in bone. |
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Term
| I. INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION |
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Definition
A. Development of ossification center B. Calcification C. Development of trabeculae
D. Development of the periosteum |
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Term
| II. ENDOCHRONDRAL OSSIFICATION |
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Definition
| A. Development of the cartilage model B. Growth of the cartilage model C. Development of the primary ossification center D. Development of the medullary cavity E. Develoment of the secondary ossification center F. Formation of the articular cartilage & epiphyseal plate |
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Term
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Definition
| lengthwise growth of bone at the epiphyseal plate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The ongoing replacement of old bone tissue by new bone throughout life |
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Term
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Definition
| the breakdown of minerals and collagen fibers by osteoclasts |
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Term
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Definition
| the addition of minerals and collagen by osteoblasts |
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Term
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Definition
| • estrogens close the epiphyseal growth places • Vitamin A stimulates activity of osteoblasts • Vitamin C is needed for synthesis of collagen • Vitamin D helps build bone by increasing the absorption of calcium from foods • Vitamins K and B12 are also needed for synthesis of bone proteins • Insulin like growth factors, liver & bone, hGH, T3, T4 |
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Term
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Definition
1. Formation of fracture hematoma 2. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation 3. Bony callus formation
4. Bone remodeling |
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Term
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Definition
The broken ends of the bone protrude through the
skin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The bone is splintered, crushed, or broken into pieces |
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Term
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Definition
A partial fracture in which one side of the bone is broken
and the other side bends |
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Term
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Definition
One end of the fractured bone is forcefully driven into
another |
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Term
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Definition
| Fracture of the fibula, with injury of the tibial articulation |
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Term
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Definition
A fracture of the radius in which the distal fragment is
displaced |
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Term
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Definition
| A series of microscopic fissures in bone |
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