Term
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Definition
Crime is caused by free will or choice. Emphasis on swift and certain punishment. Punishment is a necessary evil.
Free will theories |
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Term
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Definition
Crime has a physiological basis. You are born a criminal.
Phrenology, Atavism, Criminal Families |
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Term
| Psychological crime theory |
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Definition
| Crime results from a dysfunctional or abnormal personality. The "mind." |
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Term
| Psychobiological crime theory |
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Definition
Crime is caused by a physical influence on the personality.
Chromosome theory |
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Term
| Sociological crime theory |
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Definition
Crime is caused by the structure of society or some social issue.
Social disorganization |
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Term
| Social process crime theory |
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Definition
Crime is a learned process.
Differential association, social learning, and labeling |
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Term
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Definition
Crime is a result of economic and social inequities. System needs to be changed immediately.
Radical criminology |
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Term
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Definition
New theories including the feminist theories of crime.
Feminist criminology |
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Term
| Individual rights advocate |
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Definition
| One who seeks to protect personal freedoms within the process of criminal justice |
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Term
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Definition
| One who believes that under certain circumstances involving a criminal threat to public safety, the interests of society should take precedence over individual rights |
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Term
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Definition
| The criminal law, the law of criminal procedure, and the array of procedures and activities having to do with the enforcement of this body of law. |
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Term
| Police, Courts, and Corrections |
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Definition
| Three components of the criminal justice system |
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Term
| Individual rights guaranteed by the Bill of Rights |
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Definition
A right to be assumed innocent until proven guilty.
A right against unreasonable searches of person and place of residence.
A right against self-incrimination.
A right to an attorney.
A right to trial by jury.
A right against cruel or unusual punishment.
A right to a speedy trial. |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of why people commit crimes. |
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Term
| 2 ways crime data is collected in the US |
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Definition
| Uniform crime report and national crime victimization survey. |
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Term
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Definition
| Crime reported to police and then analyzed by FBI to establish a crime rate. |
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Term
| National Crime Victimization Survey |
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Definition
| Survey done by justice department of selected households to make a statistical analysis or crime victimization |
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Term
| 8 crimes the make up the Uniform Crime Report |
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Definition
| Murder, Rape, Robbery, Aggravated Assault, Burglary, Larceny-theft, Motor Vehicle Theft, and Arson |
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Term
| Eight theories that attempt to explain crime |
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Definition
| Classical crime theory, biological crime theory, physical crime theory, psychobiological crime theory, sociological crime theory, social process crime theory, conflict crime theory, and emergent crime theory. |
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Term
| Special categories of crime of crime typologies |
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Definition
| Crime against women, crime against the elderly, hate crimes, white collar and corporate crimes, organized crime, drug crime, and cybercrime |
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Term
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Definition
| MOST OFTEN REPORTED TO THE POLICE. The unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property, from the possession or constructive possession of another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Written law made by the legislative, also known as "law on the books." |
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Term
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Definition
| The body of judicial precedent that serves as a guide to decision making. |
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Term
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Definition
Laws maintain order in society
Laws enforce moral beliefs
Laws promote orderly social change
Laws mandate punishment and retribution |
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Term
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Definition
| Criminal law, civil law, administrative law, case law, and procedural law |
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Term
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Definition
| The assumption that criminal acts injure not just individuals, but society as a whole. Punishment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Relationships between people, business, and parties; non criminal. Compensation. |
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Term
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Definition
| The body of regulations the governments create to control the activities of industry, business, and individuals. |
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Term
| Case law; law of precedent |
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Definition
| A legal principle that ensures that previous judicial decisions are authoritatively considered and incorporated into future cases. |
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Term
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Definition
| The part is the law that specifies the methods to be used in enforcing substantive law. |
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Term
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Definition
| Felony, misdemeanor, offenses, treason/espionage, and inchoate offense |
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Term
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Definition
| A serious crime for a felony of more than a year. Prison. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any crime for a penalty of less that a year. Jail. |
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Term
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Definition
| Minor violations of the law that are less serious than misdemeanors; ticket instead of jail |
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Term
| Treason(any attempt to overthrow the gov. or injure the us)/Espionage(spying) |
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Definition
| Federal crimes, could be put to death for them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Incomplete or partial; any attempt at crime. |
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Term
| General features of a crime |
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Definition
| Criminal act and guilty mind |
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Term
| Latin term for criminal act |
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Definition
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Term
| Latin term for guilty mind |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Purposeful, knowing, reckless, and negligent |
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Term
| Corpus Delicti(body of the crime) |
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Definition
The facts that a crime had occurred(action)
Every crime must have one |
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Term
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Definition
| Alibi, justification, excuse, and procedural |
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Term
| Justification defense and types |
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Definition
Defendant admits to committing the crime but claims it was necessary to avoid some greater evil.
Self defense, defense of home and property, necessity, consent, and defense of others |
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Term
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Definition
Some personal circumstance or condition that makes them unresponsible for his or her actions.
Duress, age, mistake, unconsciousness, and insanity |
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Term
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Definition
| Forced to commit the crime, unaware of own actions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Children cannot reason logically until around the age of 17. Infancy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ignorance of the law is not an excuse. |
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Term
| Involuntary Intoxication defense (excuse) |
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Definition
| Some type of condition that had effected your condition. Not self induced. |
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Term
| Unconsciousness Defense (excuse) |
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Definition
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Term
| Insanity Defense and types (excuse) |
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Definition
Person did not know what they were doing based on a mental illness.
The M'Naghten rule, irresistible impulse, guilty but mentally ill |
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Term
| Procedural defense and types |
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Definition
The defendant was undone manner discriminated against in the justice process or that some important aspect of official procedure was not properly followed.
Entrapment, double jeopardy, selective prosecution, prosecutorial misconduct, police fraud, and denial of a speedy trial |
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Term
| The M'Naghten rule (excuse;insanity) |
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Definition
| Asks whether the defendant knew what he or she was doing or whether the defendant knew that what he or she was doing was wrong. |
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Term
| Irresistible Impulse (excuse;insanity) |
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Definition
| An impulse that cannot be controlled. |
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Term
| Guilty but mentally ill (excuse;insanity) |
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Definition
| A person can be held responsible for a specific criminal act even though a degree of mental incompetence may be present in his or her personality. |
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