There are 3 eras of policing

Political Era (1830-1920)

Reform Era (1920-1970)

Community Policing Era (1970-present)

Political Era

 - The people said they wanted the politicians to run the police force

 - People started paying cops and politicians (bribing)

 - There was no sembalance of justice

Reform Era

 - The people didn't want politicans telling the police force what to do.

 - now there was a ladder system of who is in charge of who

 - started following military ways of rules, positions

 - Wickersham way: instead of being soft, they were going to be harsher

Community Policing Era

 - "we want better policing"

 - cops are not as brutal or as mean

 - working with the community

 - community working with the cops

 - Goals:

create a more harmoniously relationship between citizens and cops

reduce the distnace between the law enforcement and the community

create a liasion between lawenforcement and the community

Restorative Justice involves wanting to repair the bad that happens to the victim.

5 ways to help them:

victim assistance

victim offender mediation

restitution

community service

work fur lo

Largest Asian Ethnicity:  Chinese

Largest Hispanic Ethnicity:  Mexicans

Abolitionists Movement - white females founded

 - started to get the ball rolling

 - Harriet Beecher Stowe

Women's Sufferage Movement

 - right to vote

 - 1920 ish

Temperance Movement

 - men would drink until they passed out

 - would come home and mistreat their women

 - women felt the need to get alcohol out of society

 - male pastors were supporting the women back then

 - Bolstead Act (1919)

prohitited the sale of alcohol in the US

 - 1920-1933: the 18th amendment

1933: 18th amendment removed

blacks are inferior and are excluded from American life

black people are not allowed to speak - so they can’t communicate

no privacy - can’t hide anything

no association – no hanging out and planning so you cant be up to something

no schooling – can’t form ideas, or read and write, you are ignorant.  Give them just enough so they cant write themselves passes, know how much stuff costs

no employment – no right to earn a living, cant make money so they cant be free. Education is important

no voting – if you vote, you can make rules, if you can make rules, you can make laws if you can make laws, you can change laws.

no political office positions – change laws to benefit the slaves

not allowed to own property – or else it allows freedom.  Freedom to do what they want to.

Have to be right

Believe they are religious

Ultimate goal – to wipe out the evil groups of America

Slavery would still exist

Rahowa – racial holy war

Turner diaries

Christian

Catholic

Jews 

Islams

Oldest religions - Hinduism

Youngest religion - Muslims

Have to be right

Believe they are religious

Ultimate goal – to wipe out the evil groups of America

Slavery would still exist

Rahowa – racial holy war

Turner diaries

Shahadah

 - you must bare witness that Ala is the only God, prophet mohammed is the last messenger

Salat

 - prayer to connect you to Ala

 - pray 5 times a day if possible

Zakat

 - tithing, give what you can

Ramadan

 - fasting that takes place over a 30 day period

Haii

 - must make journey to Mecca once in your life.

protestants were afraid of them

catholic prists practice ritual mass

language being used – Latin

you don’t sound like me, I don’t know what you are saying

Pope

If someone is in charge over there, then if he comes here they would take over and the president wouldn’t run the country, it would be the pope.

KKK - Ku Klux Klan

Know Nothing Party

Puritians/Quakers

puritans

puritians are about being obedient to god and removing the wickedness in your body

god speaks to the priest, the priest speaks to the head of the house hold, the head told the family member

not tolerant toward others

one absolute authority

Quakers

believers in god but very tolerant toward others

easy going

needed to believe in god but it doesn’t matter what you wore.

be kind to man

Hindus/Seeks

similarities

monothesistic

reincarnation - birth, life, death, rebirth

if you live a good life, you have karma, you can come back as something good.

Arranged marriages

follow color schemes

Difference

Hindus – believe in a Caste system

siks do not believe in this

Hindus believe in statutes, siks do not

in order to become a hindu, you must be born a hindu

siks – anyone can become a sik

There are 3 eras of policing

Political Era (1830-1920)

Reform Era (1920-1970)

Community Policing Era (1970-present)

Political Era

 - The people said they wanted the politicians to run the police force

 - People started paying cops and politicians (bribing)

 - There was no sembalance of justice

Reform Era

 - The people didn't want politicans telling the police force what to do.

 - now there was a ladder system of who is in charge of who

 - started following military ways of rules, positions

 - Wickersham way: instead of being soft, they were going to be harsher

Community Policing Era

 - "we want better policing"

 - cops are not as brutal or as mean

 - working with the community

 - community working with the cops

 - Goals:

create a more harmoniously relationship between citizens and cops

reduce the distnace between the law enforcement and the community

create a liasion between lawenforcement and the community

Wickersham commission

 - So much excessive force was taking place that once they

Kerner commission

 - Created by president Johnson to find out why so many riots were taking place

Result – community oriented policing

Knapp commission

 - Created dring the community policing era because in 1972 the NY city police dept. was concerned about the corruption

 - Created the first Internal Affairs

1: freedom of speech

4: right to private property. cant just walk into someone's house, car, pockets, clothes

5: right to self incrimination.  right not to be a witness for your own criminal trial. On the other hand, grand jury trials can't not testify.

6: right to have a speedy trial, right to an attorney.

8: no excessive bail except in extreme circumstances. no cruel and unusual punishment.

13:  abolish slavery legally (1866)

14:  equal protection under the law.  over ride the Dred Scott decision. Slaves could not be freed from the death of their master, or born in a free state (1868)

15:  African Americans are given the right to vote (1870)

19: women's sufferage

24:  abolition of poll taxes

minimizing the amount of misunderstanding in the conversation while trying to reach a positive outcome

White male privilege is when the white males believe that they have more rights than everyone else.

They have economical, social and political advantages.

They are the ones that are able to make rules. decide who goes to school, get a job, and get married.

Who were they?  They were White Angelo Saxon Protestants.

They were considered to be in the core group.

This is where the saying came into play, "I'm white, free and 21."

need to have a sender, a receiver, and feedback

using your sensory channels

occur with the proximity (closeness)

how many people are involved in the conversation

Predispositional

 - what you are befre you become a cop

 - officers characteristics set before they become a cop

complex interaction – relationship the officer has between his department, home, and community

 - have to be able to separate work from home

 - don't take it out on your family when they job gets to you

Socialization - environment around you will make you change 

 - once you are in the job, you will change

 - its up to you to determine if you change for the good, or if you change for the bad.

Psychological Context

who you are

traits, personalities, what makes you you

Relational Context

how you respond and act around other people

Situational Context

how much you know about a person

language, history

Environmental Context

how and where the conversation takes place

Cultural Context

how a person acts with another person depending on Economic, racial, sexual orientation, religion, gender

gestures/movements

personal space

zones of territory

symbols

High Power Distance

Tolerance

Haves of society

Don’t believe in society

Uncertainty avoidance

Low power

Have nots

Believe in sharing

Uncertainity acceptance