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Critical Lens Test
Marxist, Feminist, Psychoalytical
77
English
12th Grade
09/25/2013

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Term
Dialectical Materialism
Definition
The theory that history develops neither in a random fashion nor in a linear one but instead as a struggle between contradictions that ultimately find resolution in synthesis of the two sides (class conflicts lead to new social systems)
Term
Ideology
Definition
The shared beliefs and values held in an unquestionable manner by a culture.
Term
Class Struggle
Definition
The struggle for political and economic power carried on between capitalists and workers. Also, conflict between different classes resulting from different social or economic positions and reflecting opposed interests.
Term
Bourgeoise
Definition
"The Owners"
Own the property and therefore, control the means of production.
Term
Proletariat
Definition
The Working Class.
Their labour produces wealth for bourgeoise. They are co-dependant and exploitative.
Term
Capitalism
Definition
Economic system in which the means of production or base are privately owned by individuals or corporations to competitively produce goods and services for the public.
Term
Communist Manifesto (1848)
Capital (1867)
Definition
Marx wrote what?
Term
Exploitative
Definition
Favours bourgeois class.
Term
"The Origins of the Family, Private Property, and the State" (1884).
Evolution of human society.
From primitive communism, feudalism, capitalism, then to industrial communication.
Definition
Engels wrote what?
Term
Base
Definition
The economic foundation.
Term
Superstructure
Definition
Law, politics, philosophy, religions, and art of culture.
Term
Reification
Definition
The way in which people are turned into commodities (something of advantage or value) useful in market exchange.
Example: Media coverage of tragedies.
Term
Commodification
Definition
Valuing material things not for their usefulness, but for their power to impress others (sign value).
Term
Conspicuous consumption
Definition
Extreme focus on material acquisition (buying, obtaining). Spending money on and the acquiring of luxury goods and services to publicly display economic power.
Term
Feudalism
Definition
An economic system in which surplus is given to the lords. Violence and repression often used to extract compliance from the peasants.
Term
Draconian Government
Definition
Exceedingly harsh government.
Term
Laissez-faire government
Definition
a philosophy or practice characterized by a usually deliberate abstention from direction or interference especially with individual freedom of choice and action
Term
Oppression
Definition
Holding back, keeping in a subordinate state.
Term
Feminist Lens
Definition
Examines ways in which literature reinforces the oppression of women economically, socially, politically, and psychologically.
Term
Patriarchy
Definition
Any culture that privileges men by promoting traditional gender roles (believes in essentialism)
Term
Androgeny
Definition
Sex roles are not rigid: a blurring or male and female roles.
Term
Backlash
Definition
Movement away from or against feminism.
Term
Essentialism
Definition
Belief that there is a unique feminine essence above and beyond culture conditioning - an inherent weakness in females.
Term
Gynocentrics
Definition
A female framework for analysis of women's literature.
Term
Male Gender Roles
Definition
Rational
Strong
Protective
Decisive
Term
Female Gender Roles
Definition
Irrational
Weak
Nurturing
Submissive
Term
Gender Roles
Definition
Used to justifying inequalities and exclusion in decision making and wages.
Term
Sex = biologically determined
Gender = Cultural programming
Definition
Different between sex and gender?
Term
Feminine Mystique
Definition
Betty Friedan (1963).
Challenged the dominant cultural image of the successful and happy American woman as a housewife and mother.
Term
Sexual Politics
Definition
Ideas and activities that are concerned with how power is shared between men and women, and how this affects their relationships.
Term
Female Contemporary Feminist Critics
Definition
Elaine Showalter (A Literature of Their Own)
Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar (The Madwoman in the Attic)
bell hooks (Gloria Jean Watkins) (Ain't I A Woman)
Judith Fryers (The Faces of Eve)
Term
Hysteria and Neuroses
Definition
Mental Illness (Freudian-time word)
Term
Talking cure and free-association
Definition
Freud's forms of treatment
Term
Unconscious
Definition
The repressed part of the conscious.
Repressed desires of life, uncivilized passions.
Term
Dreams
Definition
Disguised expression of the unconscious
Term
Tripartite Model
Definition
Id, Ego, Superego
Term
Id
Definition
Pleasure principle
Irrational
Instinct
Desires
Fears
Libido (sexual desire)
Term
Ego
Definition
Rational
Logical
Regulates the id
The civilized side that operates according to social norms
Term
Superego
Definition
The censor
Keeps the psyche in line
Use of fear and guilt to modify behaviour
Term
Manifest
Definition
The plot of the dreams
Term
Latent
Definition
The true meaning behind the symbols in a dream (interpreted)
Term
Condensation
Definition
Grouping of all feelings (usually anger) into the content of a dream
Term
Old Hag
Great Mother
Temptress
Maiden Hero
Damsel in Distress
Definition
Female Archetypal Sterotypes
Term
Manifest
Definition
The plot of the dreams
Term
Latent
Definition
The true meaning behind the symbols in a dream (interpreted)
Term
Condensation
Definition
Grouping of all feelings (usually anger) into the content of a dream
Term
Old Hag
Great Mother
Temptress
Maiden Hero
Damsel in Distress
Definition
Female Archetypal Sterotypes
Term
Manifest
Definition
The plot of the dreams
Term
Latent
Definition
The true meaning behind the symbols in a dream (interpreted)
Term
Condensation
Definition
Grouping of all feelings (usually anger) into the content of a dream
Term
Old Hag
Great Mother
Temptress
Maiden Hero
Damsel in Distress
Definition
Female Archetypal Sterotypes
Term
Reality Anxiety
Definition
Most basic form of anxiety. Typically based on fears that are real and possible events (being bitten by a dog).
Term
Neurotic Anxiety
Definition
Form of anxiety which comes from an unconscious fear that the basic impulses of the id (primitive part of our personality) will take control of the person, leading to eventual punishment.
Term
Moral Anxiety
Definition
Form of anxiety that comes from the superego in the form of a fear of violating values and moral codes, and appears as feelings of guilt and shame.
Term
Defense Mechanism
Definition
A response to anxiety. Ego's way of coping with the Id and Superego. They often appear unconsciously and they tend to distort, transform, and even falsify reality.
Term
Denial
Definition
Defence mechanism.
Claiming and believing that what is true to be actually false.
Term
Displacement
Definition
Defence mechanism.
Redirecting emotions to a substitute target.
Term
Intellectualization
Definition
Defence mechanism.
Taking an objective viewpoint.
Term
Projection
Definition
Defence mechanism.
Attributing uncomfortable feelings to others.
Term
Rationalization
Definition
Defence mechanism.
Creating false but credible justifications.
Term
Reaction formation
Definition
Defence mechanism.
Overreacting in the opposite way to the fear.
Term
Regression
Definition
Defence mechanism.
Going back to acting as a child.
Term
Repression
Definition
Defence mechanism.
Pushing uncomfortable thoughts into the subconscious.
Term
Sublimination
Definition
Defence mechanism.
Redirecting "wrong" urges into socially acceptable actions.
Term
Oedipus Complex
Definition
Based on the Greek myth of Oedipus who was raised away from his parents. He killed his father and married his mother.
Term
Eros
Definition
The life drive. Seeks to preserve life and health.
Term
Thanatos
Definition
The death drive. The fear and anger and aggression. Opposite of Eros.
Term
Personal Unconscious
Definition
Ego, Persona, Shadow (1 part of the unconscious as described by Carl Jung)
Term
Universal Unconscious
Definition
1 part of the unconscious as described by Carl Jung. Features archetypes, appear as symbols, images or characters. Found in art, literature and myths.
Term
Archetypes
Definition
Patterns of behaviour common to all
Term
The wise child
The hero
Birth
Death
Cycle/season
Numbers
Deity
The mother
The quest
Definition
Archetypes (psychoanalytical lens)
Term
Unconscious was divided into two parts; personal unconscious and universal/collective unconscious.
Definition
Psychology of the Unconscious (1912) by Carl Jung said what?
Term
Persona
Definition
The social mask you wear
Term
Shadow
Definition
The uncivilized part of you personality
Term
Anima
Definition
The feminine side of a male
Term
Animus
Definition
The masculine side of a female
Term
The Self
Definition
The integrated self was the goal. Confront and assimilate the shadow part. Individuation was the ultimate goal.
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